,Galen NSG 3800 Exam 3 | Nursing Practice – Adult
Health II (2026) Actual Q&A PDF
1. A client with severe burns develops acute kidney injury. The nurse identifies
this as which type of AKI?
A) Intrinsic
B) Postrenal
C) Prerenal
D) Chronic
Correct Answer: Prerenal
Rationale: Prerenal AKI results from reduced renal blood flow. Severe burns
cause fluid loss and hypoperfusion, leading to decreased kidney perfusion.
Intrinsic AKI involves tubular damage, postrenal involves obstruction, and
chronic is not an AKI classification.
2. A client with acute kidney injury caused by prolonged aminoglycoside therapy
has tubular necrosis. This is classified as which type of AKI?
A) Prerenal
B) Intrinsic
C) Postrenal
D) Functional
Correct Answer: Intrinsic
,Rationale: Intrinsic or intrarenal AKI occurs from direct damage to kidney
structures. Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic and cause acute tubular necrosis.
Prerenal is due to hypoperfusion, postrenal to obstruction, and functional is not
a formal AKI category.
3. An older adult client with benign prostatic hyperplasia develops acute kidney
injury. The nurse recognizes this as which type?
A) Prerenal
B) Intrinsic
C) Postrenal
D) Glomerulonephritis
Correct Answer: Postrenal
Rationale: Postrenal AKI is caused by obstruction of urinary outflow. An
enlarged prostate can block the urethra, leading to back pressure and kidney
injury. Prerenal involves decreased flow to kidneys, and intrinsic involves direct
renal damage.
4. According to the RIFLE classification, which finding indicates the Risk stage of
AKI?
A) Urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr for 12 hours
B) Serum creatinine increased 1.5 times baseline
C) Persistent AKI longer than 4 weeks
D) Need for renal replacement therapy
Correct Answer: Serum creatinine increased 1.5 times baseline
, Rationale: In the RIFLE criteria, Risk is defined by a creatinine increase to 1.5
times baseline or GFR decrease greater than 25 percent. Urine output criteria
for Risk is less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr for 6 hours. Persistent AKI is the Loss stage.
5. A client is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. The nurse expects the
urine output to be less than what amount?
A) 800 mL per day
B) 500 mL per day
C) 400 mL per day
D) 1500 mL per day
Correct Answer: 400 mL per day
Rationale: The oliguric phase is characterized by urine output less than 400 mL
in 24 hours. Output of 500 to 800 mL is still reduced but not the defining
threshold. During this phase, BUN, creatinine, and potassium levels rise
significantly.
6. The nurse is caring for a client in the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury.
What finding does the nurse anticipate?
A) Worsening azotemia
B) A gradual increase in urine output
C) Complete anuria
D) Persistent severe hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: A gradual increase in urine output
Health II (2026) Actual Q&A PDF
1. A client with severe burns develops acute kidney injury. The nurse identifies
this as which type of AKI?
A) Intrinsic
B) Postrenal
C) Prerenal
D) Chronic
Correct Answer: Prerenal
Rationale: Prerenal AKI results from reduced renal blood flow. Severe burns
cause fluid loss and hypoperfusion, leading to decreased kidney perfusion.
Intrinsic AKI involves tubular damage, postrenal involves obstruction, and
chronic is not an AKI classification.
2. A client with acute kidney injury caused by prolonged aminoglycoside therapy
has tubular necrosis. This is classified as which type of AKI?
A) Prerenal
B) Intrinsic
C) Postrenal
D) Functional
Correct Answer: Intrinsic
,Rationale: Intrinsic or intrarenal AKI occurs from direct damage to kidney
structures. Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic and cause acute tubular necrosis.
Prerenal is due to hypoperfusion, postrenal to obstruction, and functional is not
a formal AKI category.
3. An older adult client with benign prostatic hyperplasia develops acute kidney
injury. The nurse recognizes this as which type?
A) Prerenal
B) Intrinsic
C) Postrenal
D) Glomerulonephritis
Correct Answer: Postrenal
Rationale: Postrenal AKI is caused by obstruction of urinary outflow. An
enlarged prostate can block the urethra, leading to back pressure and kidney
injury. Prerenal involves decreased flow to kidneys, and intrinsic involves direct
renal damage.
4. According to the RIFLE classification, which finding indicates the Risk stage of
AKI?
A) Urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr for 12 hours
B) Serum creatinine increased 1.5 times baseline
C) Persistent AKI longer than 4 weeks
D) Need for renal replacement therapy
Correct Answer: Serum creatinine increased 1.5 times baseline
, Rationale: In the RIFLE criteria, Risk is defined by a creatinine increase to 1.5
times baseline or GFR decrease greater than 25 percent. Urine output criteria
for Risk is less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr for 6 hours. Persistent AKI is the Loss stage.
5. A client is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. The nurse expects the
urine output to be less than what amount?
A) 800 mL per day
B) 500 mL per day
C) 400 mL per day
D) 1500 mL per day
Correct Answer: 400 mL per day
Rationale: The oliguric phase is characterized by urine output less than 400 mL
in 24 hours. Output of 500 to 800 mL is still reduced but not the defining
threshold. During this phase, BUN, creatinine, and potassium levels rise
significantly.
6. The nurse is caring for a client in the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury.
What finding does the nurse anticipate?
A) Worsening azotemia
B) A gradual increase in urine output
C) Complete anuria
D) Persistent severe hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: A gradual increase in urine output
