WGU D430 OA AND PRACTICE EXAM LATEST
2026/2027 TEST BANK| COMPLETE 200+ QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+| FUNDAMENTALS
OF INFORMATION SECURITY 2025 TEST BANK (BRAND
NEW!!)
1. What does the CIA Triad stand for in information security?
• A. Control, Integrity, Access
• B. Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
• C. Cyber, Information, Access
• D. Control, Information, Authorization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The CIA Triad is the foundational model of information
security. Confidentiality ensures data is accessible only to
authorized users; Integrity ensures data is accurate and unaltered;
Availability ensures systems and data are accessible when needed .
1
,2. Confidentiality in the CIA Triad ensures:
• A. Data is accurate and has not been altered
• B. Data is accessible when needed
• C. Data is only accessible to authorized users
• D. Data is backed up regularly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Confidentiality prevents unauthorized access to
information through measures such as encryption, access controls,
and the principle of least privilege to ensure only those with proper
authorization can view sensitive data .
3. Integrity in the CIA Triad ensures:
• A. Data is unchanged and accurate
• B. Data is available to all users
• C. Data is encrypted
• D. Data is stored securely
2
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Integrity ensures data has not been tampered with or
altered in an unauthorized manner through measures such as
hashing, digital signatures, and access controls .
4. Availability in the CIA Triad ensures:
• A. Systems are accessible when needed
• B. Data is only accessible to authorized users
• C. Data is accurate
• D. Data is encrypted
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Availability ensures that information and systems are
accessible to authorized users when needed, protecting against
denial-of-service attacks, power outages, hardware failures, and
other disruptions .
3
, 5. A model that adds three more principles to the CIA Triad
(possession/control, utility, and authenticity) is called the:
• A. Parkerian Hexad
• B. Bell-LaPadula Model
• C. Biba Model
• D. Clark-Wilson Model
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Parkerian Hexad expands the CIA Triad by adding
three additional principles: possession or control (physical control
of data), utility (usefulness of data), and authenticity (verification
that data comes from its claimed source) .
6. Authenticity in information security refers to:
• A. Whether data is accessible when needed
• B. Whether data comes from who or where it claims to come
from
• C. Whether data is encrypted
4
2026/2027 TEST BANK| COMPLETE 200+ QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+| FUNDAMENTALS
OF INFORMATION SECURITY 2025 TEST BANK (BRAND
NEW!!)
1. What does the CIA Triad stand for in information security?
• A. Control, Integrity, Access
• B. Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
• C. Cyber, Information, Access
• D. Control, Information, Authorization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The CIA Triad is the foundational model of information
security. Confidentiality ensures data is accessible only to
authorized users; Integrity ensures data is accurate and unaltered;
Availability ensures systems and data are accessible when needed .
1
,2. Confidentiality in the CIA Triad ensures:
• A. Data is accurate and has not been altered
• B. Data is accessible when needed
• C. Data is only accessible to authorized users
• D. Data is backed up regularly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Confidentiality prevents unauthorized access to
information through measures such as encryption, access controls,
and the principle of least privilege to ensure only those with proper
authorization can view sensitive data .
3. Integrity in the CIA Triad ensures:
• A. Data is unchanged and accurate
• B. Data is available to all users
• C. Data is encrypted
• D. Data is stored securely
2
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Integrity ensures data has not been tampered with or
altered in an unauthorized manner through measures such as
hashing, digital signatures, and access controls .
4. Availability in the CIA Triad ensures:
• A. Systems are accessible when needed
• B. Data is only accessible to authorized users
• C. Data is accurate
• D. Data is encrypted
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Availability ensures that information and systems are
accessible to authorized users when needed, protecting against
denial-of-service attacks, power outages, hardware failures, and
other disruptions .
3
, 5. A model that adds three more principles to the CIA Triad
(possession/control, utility, and authenticity) is called the:
• A. Parkerian Hexad
• B. Bell-LaPadula Model
• C. Biba Model
• D. Clark-Wilson Model
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Parkerian Hexad expands the CIA Triad by adding
three additional principles: possession or control (physical control
of data), utility (usefulness of data), and authenticity (verification
that data comes from its claimed source) .
6. Authenticity in information security refers to:
• A. Whether data is accessible when needed
• B. Whether data comes from who or where it claims to come
from
• C. Whether data is encrypted
4
