UIUC PSYC 201 QUIZ 4 Questions and
Answers.
social influence - Answer Collection of ways that people affect one another through changing
attitudes, beliefs, feelings, or behaviors resulting from the real or imagined presence of others
conformity - Answer changing behavior because of real or imagined group pressure
compliance - Answer responding favorably to an explicit request by another person
obedience - Answer in an unequal power relationship, submitting to the demands of the
person in authority
automatic mimicry - Answer Psychological copying of actions or behaviors
Mimicry Experiment (Chartrand & Bargh 1999) - Answer Undergraduates in two 10 minute
experiments where they described various photographs from magazine
One participant was confederate of experimenter, who rubbed their face, shook foot, etc
Participants mimicked confederate
ideomotor action - Answer thinking about a behavior makes its performing it more likely
informational social influence - Answer relying on other people as a source of information to
guide our behavior; we want to be right, used when we feel low in knowledge about a task
normative social influence - Answer influence resulting from a person's desire to gain
approval or avoid disapproval when one's own beliefs conflict with group beliefs
autokinetic illusion experiment (Sherif 1936) - Answer Participants given stationary light in
darkness & asked to estimate how much the light moved
Participants estimates converged into a group norm when put in a room together, remained at a
group norm a year later
Asch's Conformity Experiment (1956) - Answer Participants did line task and called out
answers at the same time, 7/8 students were confederates
, Confederates called out wrong answers 11/16 trials, participants conformed to majority 1/3 of
the time
When participants in a control group make these judgements by themselves, they almost never
made a mistake
group size - Answer conformity increases with group size but with a ceiling effect at group
size of 3-4 others
more people make it more embarrassing to be wrong
group unanimity - Answer if at least ONE person agrees with you, conformity drops
drastically (33% to 5% in Asch's experiment)
anonymity - Answer eliminates normative social influence, reduces conformity
Internalization - Answer private acceptance of majority position
expertise and status - Answer Expert opinions carry more weight, and the disapproval of
high-status people hurts more.
tight cultures - Answer norms are strong, little tolerance for deviance
typically higher population, fewer natural resources
loose cultures - Answer norms aren't as strong and members tolerate more deviance
three types of compliance approaches - Answer reason/cognitive: appeal to the head, change
the way we think
emotion/affective: appeal to the heart, change the way we feel
norms: appeal to both
norm of reciprocity - Answer if you help others they will help you
Answers.
social influence - Answer Collection of ways that people affect one another through changing
attitudes, beliefs, feelings, or behaviors resulting from the real or imagined presence of others
conformity - Answer changing behavior because of real or imagined group pressure
compliance - Answer responding favorably to an explicit request by another person
obedience - Answer in an unequal power relationship, submitting to the demands of the
person in authority
automatic mimicry - Answer Psychological copying of actions or behaviors
Mimicry Experiment (Chartrand & Bargh 1999) - Answer Undergraduates in two 10 minute
experiments where they described various photographs from magazine
One participant was confederate of experimenter, who rubbed their face, shook foot, etc
Participants mimicked confederate
ideomotor action - Answer thinking about a behavior makes its performing it more likely
informational social influence - Answer relying on other people as a source of information to
guide our behavior; we want to be right, used when we feel low in knowledge about a task
normative social influence - Answer influence resulting from a person's desire to gain
approval or avoid disapproval when one's own beliefs conflict with group beliefs
autokinetic illusion experiment (Sherif 1936) - Answer Participants given stationary light in
darkness & asked to estimate how much the light moved
Participants estimates converged into a group norm when put in a room together, remained at a
group norm a year later
Asch's Conformity Experiment (1956) - Answer Participants did line task and called out
answers at the same time, 7/8 students were confederates
, Confederates called out wrong answers 11/16 trials, participants conformed to majority 1/3 of
the time
When participants in a control group make these judgements by themselves, they almost never
made a mistake
group size - Answer conformity increases with group size but with a ceiling effect at group
size of 3-4 others
more people make it more embarrassing to be wrong
group unanimity - Answer if at least ONE person agrees with you, conformity drops
drastically (33% to 5% in Asch's experiment)
anonymity - Answer eliminates normative social influence, reduces conformity
Internalization - Answer private acceptance of majority position
expertise and status - Answer Expert opinions carry more weight, and the disapproval of
high-status people hurts more.
tight cultures - Answer norms are strong, little tolerance for deviance
typically higher population, fewer natural resources
loose cultures - Answer norms aren't as strong and members tolerate more deviance
three types of compliance approaches - Answer reason/cognitive: appeal to the head, change
the way we think
emotion/affective: appeal to the heart, change the way we feel
norms: appeal to both
norm of reciprocity - Answer if you help others they will help you
