ATI Fundamentals Practice
Assessment A - Version 2.0
well written one year 2025
/2026 updated graded A+
Comprehensive 150-Question Practice
Exam Advanced/Hard Difficulty | Nursing
Students & Professionals
QUESTION 1
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a 24-hour urine collection to evaluate
renal function. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure accurate
collection?
A) Discard the first voiding and begin the collection with the second voiding
B) Collect all urine including the first voiding of the morning
C) Keep the collection container at room temperature throughout the collection period
D) Instruct the client to void every hour during the collection period
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-A
Rationale: For a 24-hour urine collection, the first voiding is discarded, and the collection
begins with the next void. The collection container should be refrigerated or kept on ice to
preserve the specimen. The client should void as needed, not necessarily every hour.
,QUESTION 2
A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
A) Obtain the client's vital signs
B) Verify the client's blood type and crossmatch with the blood bank
C) Check the expiration date on the blood product
D) Prime the blood tubing with 0.9% sodium chloride
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: The nurse should first verify the client's blood type and crossmatch with the blood
bank to ensure compatibility and prevent transfusion reactions. This is the most critical safety
step before initiating a transfusion.
QUESTION 3
A nurse is assessing a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following
findings should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of a urinary tract infection?
A) Clear yellow urine
B) Foul-smelling urine
C) Urine output of 50 mL/hr
D) Mild suprapubic discomfort
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: Foul-smelling urine is a sign of a urinary tract infection. Clear yellow urine is normal.
Urine output of 50 mL/hr is within normal range. Mild suprapubic discomfort may occur with
catheter presence but is not specific to infection.
QUESTION 4
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about dietary management of hypertension. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
,A) "I should increase my intake of processed meats"
B) "I should limit my sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day"
C) "I should drink at least 3 liters of fluid daily"
D) "I should avoid all fats in my diet"
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium to less than 2,300 mg per day for
hypertension management. Processed meats are high in sodium. Fluid intake should be
moderate, not excessive. Healthy fats are needed in a balanced diet.
QUESTION 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen via a non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min.
The client's oxygen saturation is 89%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Increase the oxygen flow rate to 20 L/min
B) Check the reservoir bag for proper inflation
C) Change to a simple face mask
D) Administer a bronchodilator
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: The reservoir bag should be inflated to ensure the client receives the prescribed
oxygen concentration. If the bag is not inflated, the client may not be receiving adequate
oxygen. Increasing the flow rate beyond 15 L/min is not standard practice. Changing masks
without assessment is not appropriate.
QUESTION 6
A nurse is assessing a client's cranial nerve function. To assess cranial nerve V (trigeminal
nerve), which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Ask the client to smile and raise the eyebrows
B) Ask the client to clench the jaw and feel the temporal muscles
C) Ask the client to shrug the shoulders
D) Ask the client to stick out the tongue
, - detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: Cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve) is assessed by having the client clench the jaw
and palpating the temporal and masseter muscles. Smiling and raising eyebrows assess cranial
nerve VII. Shrugging shoulders assesses cranial nerve XI. Sticking out the tongue assesses
cranial nerve XII.
QUESTION 7
A nurse is preparing to administer 50 mg of diphenhydramine. The medication is available as
25 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer?
A) 1 tablet
B) 1.5 tablets
C) 2 tablets
D) 2.5 tablets
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-C
Rationale: 50 mg ÷ 25 mg = 2 tablets. The nurse should administer two 25 mg tablets to
achieve the prescribed 50 mg dose.
QUESTION 8
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I will check my blood glucose before meals"
B) "I will take my oral medication with food"
C) "I will avoid exercise when my blood sugar is high"
D) "I will rotate my insulin injection sites"
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-C
Rationale: The client should exercise even when blood glucose is elevated, provided they are
not experiencing ketosis or severe hyperglycemia. Exercise helps lower blood glucose. The
other statements are correct.
Assessment A - Version 2.0
well written one year 2025
/2026 updated graded A+
Comprehensive 150-Question Practice
Exam Advanced/Hard Difficulty | Nursing
Students & Professionals
QUESTION 1
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a 24-hour urine collection to evaluate
renal function. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure accurate
collection?
A) Discard the first voiding and begin the collection with the second voiding
B) Collect all urine including the first voiding of the morning
C) Keep the collection container at room temperature throughout the collection period
D) Instruct the client to void every hour during the collection period
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-A
Rationale: For a 24-hour urine collection, the first voiding is discarded, and the collection
begins with the next void. The collection container should be refrigerated or kept on ice to
preserve the specimen. The client should void as needed, not necessarily every hour.
,QUESTION 2
A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
A) Obtain the client's vital signs
B) Verify the client's blood type and crossmatch with the blood bank
C) Check the expiration date on the blood product
D) Prime the blood tubing with 0.9% sodium chloride
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: The nurse should first verify the client's blood type and crossmatch with the blood
bank to ensure compatibility and prevent transfusion reactions. This is the most critical safety
step before initiating a transfusion.
QUESTION 3
A nurse is assessing a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following
findings should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of a urinary tract infection?
A) Clear yellow urine
B) Foul-smelling urine
C) Urine output of 50 mL/hr
D) Mild suprapubic discomfort
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: Foul-smelling urine is a sign of a urinary tract infection. Clear yellow urine is normal.
Urine output of 50 mL/hr is within normal range. Mild suprapubic discomfort may occur with
catheter presence but is not specific to infection.
QUESTION 4
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about dietary management of hypertension. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
,A) "I should increase my intake of processed meats"
B) "I should limit my sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day"
C) "I should drink at least 3 liters of fluid daily"
D) "I should avoid all fats in my diet"
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium to less than 2,300 mg per day for
hypertension management. Processed meats are high in sodium. Fluid intake should be
moderate, not excessive. Healthy fats are needed in a balanced diet.
QUESTION 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen via a non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min.
The client's oxygen saturation is 89%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Increase the oxygen flow rate to 20 L/min
B) Check the reservoir bag for proper inflation
C) Change to a simple face mask
D) Administer a bronchodilator
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: The reservoir bag should be inflated to ensure the client receives the prescribed
oxygen concentration. If the bag is not inflated, the client may not be receiving adequate
oxygen. Increasing the flow rate beyond 15 L/min is not standard practice. Changing masks
without assessment is not appropriate.
QUESTION 6
A nurse is assessing a client's cranial nerve function. To assess cranial nerve V (trigeminal
nerve), which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Ask the client to smile and raise the eyebrows
B) Ask the client to clench the jaw and feel the temporal muscles
C) Ask the client to shrug the shoulders
D) Ask the client to stick out the tongue
, - detailed answer 100 % correct :-B
Rationale: Cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve) is assessed by having the client clench the jaw
and palpating the temporal and masseter muscles. Smiling and raising eyebrows assess cranial
nerve VII. Shrugging shoulders assesses cranial nerve XI. Sticking out the tongue assesses
cranial nerve XII.
QUESTION 7
A nurse is preparing to administer 50 mg of diphenhydramine. The medication is available as
25 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer?
A) 1 tablet
B) 1.5 tablets
C) 2 tablets
D) 2.5 tablets
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-C
Rationale: 50 mg ÷ 25 mg = 2 tablets. The nurse should administer two 25 mg tablets to
achieve the prescribed 50 mg dose.
QUESTION 8
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I will check my blood glucose before meals"
B) "I will take my oral medication with food"
C) "I will avoid exercise when my blood sugar is high"
D) "I will rotate my insulin injection sites"
- detailed answer 100 % correct :-C
Rationale: The client should exercise even when blood glucose is elevated, provided they are
not experiencing ketosis or severe hyperglycemia. Exercise helps lower blood glucose. The
other statements are correct.
