BIO 253 HONDROS TEST 3 FULL REVISION
NOTES WITH BODY SYSTEMS AND
HOMEOSTASIS CONCEPTS
◉ Circulation.
Answer: movement of body fluids containing many substances from
one body area to another in a continuous, circular route through
hollow vessels
◉ Reproduction.
Answer: formation of new individual offspring
◉ autopoiesis.
Answer: living organisms are self-organizing or self-maintaining and
nonliving structures are not.
◉ cell theory.
Answer: any independent structure made up of one or more
microscopic units called cells is a living organism
◉ metabolism.
,Answer: each characteristic of life is related to the sum total of all
the physical and chemical reactions occurring in the body
◉ levels of organization.
Answer: atom--molecule--macromolecules--organelle--cell--tissue--
organ--organ system--organism
◉ atom.
Answer: tiny spheres of matter, every material thing in the universe,
including the human body is composed of atoms. Combinations of
atoms form larger chemical groupings
◉ molecules.
Answer: combos of atoms that form larger chemical groupings
◉ macromolecules.
Answer: molecules in combination with other atoms form these
larger and more complex chemicals
◉ cytoplasm.
Answer: atoms, molecules and macromolecules in living material
form this gel like material made of fluids, particles and membranes--
the essential material of human life
, ◉ organelles.
Answer: a structure made of molecules organized in such a way that
it can perform a specific function. Tiny organs that all each cell to
live. Cannot survive outside the cell, but without organelles the cell
could not survive.
◉ Types of organelles.
Answer: Mitochondria-power house of cells that provide energy
needed by the cell to carry out day-to-day functioning, growth and
repair.
Golgi apparatus-set of sacs that provide "packaging" service to cells
by storing material for future internal use or for export from the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum--network of channels within the cell that act
as "highways" for the movement of chemicals and as sites for
chemical processing
◉ cellular level.
Answer: cells are the smallest and most numerous structural units
that possess and exhibit the basic characteristics of living matter.
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and a single nucleus
surrounded by cytoplasm that includes the numerous organelles
required for the normal processes of living
◉ tissue level.
NOTES WITH BODY SYSTEMS AND
HOMEOSTASIS CONCEPTS
◉ Circulation.
Answer: movement of body fluids containing many substances from
one body area to another in a continuous, circular route through
hollow vessels
◉ Reproduction.
Answer: formation of new individual offspring
◉ autopoiesis.
Answer: living organisms are self-organizing or self-maintaining and
nonliving structures are not.
◉ cell theory.
Answer: any independent structure made up of one or more
microscopic units called cells is a living organism
◉ metabolism.
,Answer: each characteristic of life is related to the sum total of all
the physical and chemical reactions occurring in the body
◉ levels of organization.
Answer: atom--molecule--macromolecules--organelle--cell--tissue--
organ--organ system--organism
◉ atom.
Answer: tiny spheres of matter, every material thing in the universe,
including the human body is composed of atoms. Combinations of
atoms form larger chemical groupings
◉ molecules.
Answer: combos of atoms that form larger chemical groupings
◉ macromolecules.
Answer: molecules in combination with other atoms form these
larger and more complex chemicals
◉ cytoplasm.
Answer: atoms, molecules and macromolecules in living material
form this gel like material made of fluids, particles and membranes--
the essential material of human life
, ◉ organelles.
Answer: a structure made of molecules organized in such a way that
it can perform a specific function. Tiny organs that all each cell to
live. Cannot survive outside the cell, but without organelles the cell
could not survive.
◉ Types of organelles.
Answer: Mitochondria-power house of cells that provide energy
needed by the cell to carry out day-to-day functioning, growth and
repair.
Golgi apparatus-set of sacs that provide "packaging" service to cells
by storing material for future internal use or for export from the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum--network of channels within the cell that act
as "highways" for the movement of chemicals and as sites for
chemical processing
◉ cellular level.
Answer: cells are the smallest and most numerous structural units
that possess and exhibit the basic characteristics of living matter.
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and a single nucleus
surrounded by cytoplasm that includes the numerous organelles
required for the normal processes of living
◉ tissue level.
