how does solar energy get into the atmosphere to power storms (step 3)
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, daily cycle:
- solar heating during day (input - like charging a battery)
- infrared radiation cooling day & night (loss)
- greatest accumulation of heat is near sunset every day
- late afternoon/evening most likely TOD for Tstorm formation
dual polarization (dopple weather radar)
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sound out vertical as well as horizontal pulses
tornado warning
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detected by radar or humans
15 mins or less until it hits
adiabatic cooling
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air rises and cools at ~10 degrees C/km
- cooler air holds less water vapor
- some vapor condenses into liquid
- condensation releases latent heat
, landspouts
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weaker tornadoes that form over land
typical components of a thunderstorm cloud
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cumulonimbus cloud that has lightning and thunder
deep clouds with strong updrafts, cloud base near the
ground and cloud top (anvil/mushroom) near troposphere
downbursts and gust fronts (formation)
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evaporating rain cools the air under the thunderstorm to cause a downdraft
of air called a downburst, and an outrush of wind that causes a gust front
at ground level
thermosphere
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
, daily cycle:
- solar heating during day (input - like charging a battery)
- infrared radiation cooling day & night (loss)
- greatest accumulation of heat is near sunset every day
- late afternoon/evening most likely TOD for Tstorm formation
dual polarization (dopple weather radar)
Give this one a try later!
sound out vertical as well as horizontal pulses
tornado warning
Give this one a try later!
detected by radar or humans
15 mins or less until it hits
adiabatic cooling
Give this one a try later!
air rises and cools at ~10 degrees C/km
- cooler air holds less water vapor
- some vapor condenses into liquid
- condensation releases latent heat
, landspouts
Give this one a try later!
weaker tornadoes that form over land
typical components of a thunderstorm cloud
Give this one a try later!
cumulonimbus cloud that has lightning and thunder
deep clouds with strong updrafts, cloud base near the
ground and cloud top (anvil/mushroom) near troposphere
downbursts and gust fronts (formation)
Give this one a try later!
evaporating rain cools the air under the thunderstorm to cause a downdraft
of air called a downburst, and an outrush of wind that causes a gust front
at ground level
thermosphere
Give this one a try later!
