Med-Surg Cardiovascular Review
Questions With Correct Answers
1. A client complains of crushing chest pain that radiates to his left arm.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
He should be presented with the following treatment:
| | | | | | |
1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine
| | | | |
2. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and codeine
| | | | |
3. Oxygen, nitroglycerin, meperidine, and thrombolytics
| | | | |
4. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroprusside, and morphine - CORRECT
| | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine | | | | | |
2. Which lifestyle changes should a client diagnosed with coronary
| | | | | | | | | |
artery disease consider?
| |
1. Smoking cessation
| |
2. Establishing a regular exercise routine
| | | | |
3. Weight reduction
| |
4. All of the Above - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 4. All of the Above
| | | | | | | | | | | |
,3. A client's cardiac monitor alarm sounds, indicating ventricular
| | | | | | | | |
tachycardia. The nurse should: | | |
1. perform immediate defibrillation.
| | |
2. Assess the client.
| | |
3. Call the physician.
| | |
4. Administer a precordial thump. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 2.
| | | | | | | | |
Assess the client.
| |
4. A complication of peripheral vascular disease may be:
| | | | | | | |
1. stasis ulcer.
| |
2. Pressure ulcer.
| |
3. Gastric ulcer.
| |
4. Duodenal ulcer. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 1. stasis ulcer.
| | | | | | | |
5. A key diagnostic test for heart failure is:
| | | | | | | |
1. serum potassium.
| |
2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
| | |
3. Troponin I
| |
4. cardiac enzymes. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 2. B-type
| | | | | | | |
natriuretic peptide. |
,6. While auscultating the heart sounds of a client with mitral
| | | | | | | | | | |
insufficiency, the nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately after
| | | | | | | | | |
the S2. The nurse should document this extra heart sound as a:
| | | | | | | | | | |
1. S1.
|
2. S3.
|
3. S4.
|
4. mitral murmur. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 2. S3.
| | | | | | |
Rationale: An S3, is heard following an S2. This indicates that the client
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
is experiencing heart failure and results from increased filling pressures.
| | | | | | | | | |
An S1 is a normal heart sound made by the closing of the mitral and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
tricuspid valves. An S4 is heard before S1 and is caused by resistance to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ventricular filling. A murmur of mitral insufficiency occurs during systole
| | | | | | | | | |
and is heard when there's turbulent blood flow across the valve.
| | | | | | | | | |
7. A nurse administers heparin to a client with deep vein
| | | | | | | | | | |
thrombophlebitis. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to | | | | | | | | |
determine the effectiveness of heparin? | | | |
1. PTT
|
2. HCT
|
3. CBC
|
4. PT - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 1. PTT
| | | | | |
Rationale: The therapeutic effectiveness of heparin is determined by
| | | | | | | | |
monitoring the patient's PTT, PT, HCT, and CBC don't monitor the
| | | | | | | | | | |
, therapeutic effectiveness of heparin. Monitoring the PT determines
| | | | | | | |
warfarin's effectiveness. |
8. A client has just returned from cardiac catheterization. Which nursing
| | | | | | | | | | |
intervention would be most appropriate? | | | |
1. Help the client ambulate to the bathroom.
| | | | | | |
2. Restrict fluids.
| |
3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
| | |
4. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | |
Answer. 3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
| | | |
Rationale: After cardiac catheterization, monitor peripheral pulses to
| | | | | | | |
assess peripheral perfusion. Helping the client ambulate to the
| | | | | | | | |
bathroom is incorrect because the client should be on bed rest for 4 to 8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|hours after the procedure to reduce the risk of bleeding at the insertion
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|site. Restricting fluids is incorrect because the client should be
| | | | | | | | | |
encouraged to drink fluids after the procedure, unless contraindicated.
| | | | | | | | |
Adequate hydration reduces the risk of nephrotoxicity that can occur
| | | | | | | | | |
with the use of contrast dye. Although urine output is monitored
| | | | | | | | | | |
following cardiac catheterization, the insertion of a urinary catherter
| | | | | | | | |
isn't necessary.
|
9. A client is in the first postoperative day after left femoropopliteal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
revascularization. Which position would be most appropriate for this | | | | | | | | |
client?
1. On his left-sided
| | |
Questions With Correct Answers
1. A client complains of crushing chest pain that radiates to his left arm.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
He should be presented with the following treatment:
| | | | | | |
1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine
| | | | |
2. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and codeine
| | | | |
3. Oxygen, nitroglycerin, meperidine, and thrombolytics
| | | | |
4. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroprusside, and morphine - CORRECT
| | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine | | | | | |
2. Which lifestyle changes should a client diagnosed with coronary
| | | | | | | | | |
artery disease consider?
| |
1. Smoking cessation
| |
2. Establishing a regular exercise routine
| | | | |
3. Weight reduction
| |
4. All of the Above - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 4. All of the Above
| | | | | | | | | | | |
,3. A client's cardiac monitor alarm sounds, indicating ventricular
| | | | | | | | |
tachycardia. The nurse should: | | |
1. perform immediate defibrillation.
| | |
2. Assess the client.
| | |
3. Call the physician.
| | |
4. Administer a precordial thump. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 2.
| | | | | | | | |
Assess the client.
| |
4. A complication of peripheral vascular disease may be:
| | | | | | | |
1. stasis ulcer.
| |
2. Pressure ulcer.
| |
3. Gastric ulcer.
| |
4. Duodenal ulcer. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 1. stasis ulcer.
| | | | | | | |
5. A key diagnostic test for heart failure is:
| | | | | | | |
1. serum potassium.
| |
2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
| | |
3. Troponin I
| |
4. cardiac enzymes. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 2. B-type
| | | | | | | |
natriuretic peptide. |
,6. While auscultating the heart sounds of a client with mitral
| | | | | | | | | | |
insufficiency, the nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately after
| | | | | | | | | |
the S2. The nurse should document this extra heart sound as a:
| | | | | | | | | | |
1. S1.
|
2. S3.
|
3. S4.
|
4. mitral murmur. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 2. S3.
| | | | | | |
Rationale: An S3, is heard following an S2. This indicates that the client
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
is experiencing heart failure and results from increased filling pressures.
| | | | | | | | | |
An S1 is a normal heart sound made by the closing of the mitral and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
tricuspid valves. An S4 is heard before S1 and is caused by resistance to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ventricular filling. A murmur of mitral insufficiency occurs during systole
| | | | | | | | | |
and is heard when there's turbulent blood flow across the valve.
| | | | | | | | | |
7. A nurse administers heparin to a client with deep vein
| | | | | | | | | | |
thrombophlebitis. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to | | | | | | | | |
determine the effectiveness of heparin? | | | |
1. PTT
|
2. HCT
|
3. CBC
|
4. PT - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Answer: 1. PTT
| | | | | |
Rationale: The therapeutic effectiveness of heparin is determined by
| | | | | | | | |
monitoring the patient's PTT, PT, HCT, and CBC don't monitor the
| | | | | | | | | | |
, therapeutic effectiveness of heparin. Monitoring the PT determines
| | | | | | | |
warfarin's effectiveness. |
8. A client has just returned from cardiac catheterization. Which nursing
| | | | | | | | | | |
intervention would be most appropriate? | | | |
1. Help the client ambulate to the bathroom.
| | | | | | |
2. Restrict fluids.
| |
3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
| | |
4. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | |
Answer. 3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
| | | |
Rationale: After cardiac catheterization, monitor peripheral pulses to
| | | | | | | |
assess peripheral perfusion. Helping the client ambulate to the
| | | | | | | | |
bathroom is incorrect because the client should be on bed rest for 4 to 8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|hours after the procedure to reduce the risk of bleeding at the insertion
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|site. Restricting fluids is incorrect because the client should be
| | | | | | | | | |
encouraged to drink fluids after the procedure, unless contraindicated.
| | | | | | | | |
Adequate hydration reduces the risk of nephrotoxicity that can occur
| | | | | | | | | |
with the use of contrast dye. Although urine output is monitored
| | | | | | | | | | |
following cardiac catheterization, the insertion of a urinary catherter
| | | | | | | | |
isn't necessary.
|
9. A client is in the first postoperative day after left femoropopliteal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
revascularization. Which position would be most appropriate for this | | | | | | | | |
client?
1. On his left-sided
| | |
