NCARB-Programming Analysis (PA) Exam | Verified Exam Questions
and Answers | Latest Updated Study Material 2026
Question:
1. PRO Forma State- 1) a financial projection for the development of a project meant to determine if the
ment:
Answer:
project is feasible, given estimates on potential income and the cost of developing
the project. It is a mean of determining a project's construction budget by listing
labor and construction costs.
Question:
2. Nonconforming
Uses
Answer:
it is a use that is no longer permitted by the zoning ordinance. If a new zoning
ordinance is being applied to existing development, there may be properties that
contain nonconforming uses. It concerns uses that do not comply with current
zoning regulations but that were permitted by the zoning ordinances in effect
when the structure was built. Nonconforming uses are allowed to continue unless
they are unsafe, or the owner stops using the property in its original fashion or
the property is destroyed or demolished by fire. Any new use or rebuilding must
be in compliance with existing zoning standards.
Question:
3. U-Value
Answer:
it describes how well a building element transfers heat. Low U-value = slow heat
loss or gain; High U-value = rapid heat loss or gain (ex: window). Low values
indicating better insulation property.
Question:
4. R-Value
Answer:
it measures the thermal resistance in a building component. Low R-value = rapid
heat loss or heat gain; High R-value = slow heat loss or heat gain. The greater of
the resistance, the better thermal insulation property is.
,Question:
5. Thermal Inertia
Answer:
it is the ability of a material to store heat. For example, concrete walls in an arid
climate have a high thermal inertia because they store heat in daytime and release
it slowly at nighttime.
Question:
6. BOMA Interna-
tional
Answer:
it stands for Building Owners and Managers Association. It is a professional
organization for commercial real estate professionals. These professionals mon-
itor and lobby pertinent legislative, regulatory and codes/standards issues in
relation to the commercial real estate industry. It is a primary source of infor-
mation on building management and operations, development, leasing, building
operating costs, energy consumption patterns, local and national building codes,
legislation, occupancy
statistics, technological
developments and other
industry
trends. BOMA International has also set standards for measuring buildings and
calculating rentable area.
Question:
7. Planned Unit De- Standards for PUDs include permitted uses:
velopment (PUD) % FAR
% Open space
% Living space
Number & Config of Parking space
Building Heights
Setbacks
Answer:
Advantages:
More eflcient use of land by grouping compatible use without setback zoning
ordinances
Grouping allows the extra land to be allocated for open space or common use
areas.
, Provide a variety of housing options, from single-family detached to row houses
to high-rise apartments and condominiums.
It recaptures diversity and variety of urban living.
Question:
8. Summer Solstice: day that has the maximum hours of sunlight exposure - June 21 or 22 - lowest
Answer:
angle - depending on the site's location, the sun rises and sets north of an azimuth
through the site.
Question:
9. Winter Solstice:
Answer:
day that has the minimum hours of sunlight exposure - December 21 or 22 -
highest angle - depending on the site's location, the sun rises and sets south of
an azimuth through the site
Question:
10. Equinox
Answer:
day when the hours of sunlight equals the hours of darkness - March 21 -vernal
equinox, September 21 - autumnal equinox - the sun rises and sets directly above
the equator.
Question:
11. Albedo
Answer:
the proportion of the incident light or radiation that is reflected by a surface,
typically that of a planet or moon.LOW - 0 (grab, no reflection):MEDIUM - 0 to
1 (in between):HIGH - 1.0 (no grad, reflection):
Question:
12. Conductivity
Answer:
it is the time rate of flow of heat passes through a material. LOW conductivity
(keep energy): retard the passage of heat, ex: sand, natural materials. HIGH
conductivity (release energy): lets heat pass through them quickly, ex: metals,
and Answers | Latest Updated Study Material 2026
Question:
1. PRO Forma State- 1) a financial projection for the development of a project meant to determine if the
ment:
Answer:
project is feasible, given estimates on potential income and the cost of developing
the project. It is a mean of determining a project's construction budget by listing
labor and construction costs.
Question:
2. Nonconforming
Uses
Answer:
it is a use that is no longer permitted by the zoning ordinance. If a new zoning
ordinance is being applied to existing development, there may be properties that
contain nonconforming uses. It concerns uses that do not comply with current
zoning regulations but that were permitted by the zoning ordinances in effect
when the structure was built. Nonconforming uses are allowed to continue unless
they are unsafe, or the owner stops using the property in its original fashion or
the property is destroyed or demolished by fire. Any new use or rebuilding must
be in compliance with existing zoning standards.
Question:
3. U-Value
Answer:
it describes how well a building element transfers heat. Low U-value = slow heat
loss or gain; High U-value = rapid heat loss or gain (ex: window). Low values
indicating better insulation property.
Question:
4. R-Value
Answer:
it measures the thermal resistance in a building component. Low R-value = rapid
heat loss or heat gain; High R-value = slow heat loss or heat gain. The greater of
the resistance, the better thermal insulation property is.
,Question:
5. Thermal Inertia
Answer:
it is the ability of a material to store heat. For example, concrete walls in an arid
climate have a high thermal inertia because they store heat in daytime and release
it slowly at nighttime.
Question:
6. BOMA Interna-
tional
Answer:
it stands for Building Owners and Managers Association. It is a professional
organization for commercial real estate professionals. These professionals mon-
itor and lobby pertinent legislative, regulatory and codes/standards issues in
relation to the commercial real estate industry. It is a primary source of infor-
mation on building management and operations, development, leasing, building
operating costs, energy consumption patterns, local and national building codes,
legislation, occupancy
statistics, technological
developments and other
industry
trends. BOMA International has also set standards for measuring buildings and
calculating rentable area.
Question:
7. Planned Unit De- Standards for PUDs include permitted uses:
velopment (PUD) % FAR
% Open space
% Living space
Number & Config of Parking space
Building Heights
Setbacks
Answer:
Advantages:
More eflcient use of land by grouping compatible use without setback zoning
ordinances
Grouping allows the extra land to be allocated for open space or common use
areas.
, Provide a variety of housing options, from single-family detached to row houses
to high-rise apartments and condominiums.
It recaptures diversity and variety of urban living.
Question:
8. Summer Solstice: day that has the maximum hours of sunlight exposure - June 21 or 22 - lowest
Answer:
angle - depending on the site's location, the sun rises and sets north of an azimuth
through the site.
Question:
9. Winter Solstice:
Answer:
day that has the minimum hours of sunlight exposure - December 21 or 22 -
highest angle - depending on the site's location, the sun rises and sets south of
an azimuth through the site
Question:
10. Equinox
Answer:
day when the hours of sunlight equals the hours of darkness - March 21 -vernal
equinox, September 21 - autumnal equinox - the sun rises and sets directly above
the equator.
Question:
11. Albedo
Answer:
the proportion of the incident light or radiation that is reflected by a surface,
typically that of a planet or moon.LOW - 0 (grab, no reflection):MEDIUM - 0 to
1 (in between):HIGH - 1.0 (no grad, reflection):
Question:
12. Conductivity
Answer:
it is the time rate of flow of heat passes through a material. LOW conductivity
(keep energy): retard the passage of heat, ex: sand, natural materials. HIGH
conductivity (release energy): lets heat pass through them quickly, ex: metals,
