UA BSC 108 EXAM TWO STUDY GUIDE 2026
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ What are some examples of how genetic engineering has affected
agriculture and medicine?
Answer: herbicide resistant crops, nutritional value of crops, greater
yield of crops by making them resistant to natural destroyers, vaccines,
gene therapy
⩥ What is DNA fingerprinting?
Answer: technique that analyzes an individual's unique collection of
genetic markers to determine whether two samples of genetic material
came from the same individual
⩥ What are some of the common uses of DNA fingerprinting?
Answer: to solve crimes using forensics, paternity/maternity testing,
family genetics, ancient DNA/archaeology
⩥ What did Darwin's observations of the geographic distribution of
species like the Galapagos finches lead to?
Answer: ideas about adaptation to the environment and origin of new
species
⩥ What ideas was Darwin influenced by?
, Answer: gradualism by Hutton and Lyell
⩥ What is adaptation?
Answer: a characteristic that helps and individual survive and reproduce
⩥ What is Darwin's theory of natural selection?
Answer: Organisms have variations, struggle to exist, and differ in
fitness. Organisms that are more fit will successfully reproduce and pass
on desirable variations and in this way, they will become adapted to their
environments
⩥ What is Darwinian fitness?
Answer: contribution to the next generation's gene pool, relative to the
average for the population
⩥ What is natural selection?
Answer: natural differential success in reproduction among individuals
that vary in heritable traits (coloration or size)
⩥ What is artificial selection?
Answer: purposeful breeding of domesticated plants and animals by
humans (dog breeding)
⩥ What can natural selection do?
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ What are some examples of how genetic engineering has affected
agriculture and medicine?
Answer: herbicide resistant crops, nutritional value of crops, greater
yield of crops by making them resistant to natural destroyers, vaccines,
gene therapy
⩥ What is DNA fingerprinting?
Answer: technique that analyzes an individual's unique collection of
genetic markers to determine whether two samples of genetic material
came from the same individual
⩥ What are some of the common uses of DNA fingerprinting?
Answer: to solve crimes using forensics, paternity/maternity testing,
family genetics, ancient DNA/archaeology
⩥ What did Darwin's observations of the geographic distribution of
species like the Galapagos finches lead to?
Answer: ideas about adaptation to the environment and origin of new
species
⩥ What ideas was Darwin influenced by?
, Answer: gradualism by Hutton and Lyell
⩥ What is adaptation?
Answer: a characteristic that helps and individual survive and reproduce
⩥ What is Darwin's theory of natural selection?
Answer: Organisms have variations, struggle to exist, and differ in
fitness. Organisms that are more fit will successfully reproduce and pass
on desirable variations and in this way, they will become adapted to their
environments
⩥ What is Darwinian fitness?
Answer: contribution to the next generation's gene pool, relative to the
average for the population
⩥ What is natural selection?
Answer: natural differential success in reproduction among individuals
that vary in heritable traits (coloration or size)
⩥ What is artificial selection?
Answer: purposeful breeding of domesticated plants and animals by
humans (dog breeding)
⩥ What can natural selection do?
