NR 565 Week II The Essential Exam Readiness and Study Manual: Complete Test Bank Review, Advanced Practice Questions, Comprehensive Study Guide, and Final Preparation Assessment

1. A nursing student is reviewing behavioral change theories before planning a patient education program. Which model is best known for describing behavior change as a stepwise progression through distinct stages? A. Health Belief Model B. Transtheoretical Model C. Ecological Model D. Holistic Health Model Correct Answer: B. Transtheoretical Model Rationale: The Transtheoretical Model explains behavior change as a process that occurs over time through stages such as precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination or relapse. 2. A nurse is planning a community health program that considers individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy influences. Which model is being applied? A. Health Belief Model B. Ecological Model C. Adaptive Model D. Clinical Model Correct Answer: B. Ecological Model Rationale: The Ecological Model emphasizes multiple levels of influence on health behavior, including individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels. 3. Which concept is the central focus of Pender’s Health Promotion Model? A. Disease treatment outcomes B. Behavioral change through punishment C. Health-promoting behaviors and individual experiences D. Biological disease progression Correct Answer: C. Health-promoting behaviors and individual experiences Rationale: Pender’s Health Promotion Model focuses on individual experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affect, and behavioral outcomes that influence healthpromoting actions. 4. Which statement best describes the Clinical Model of health? A. Health is achieved through adaptation to stress B. Health is the absence of disease C. Health is spiritual harmony D. Health depends on environmental balance Correct Answer: B. Health is the absence of disease Rationale: The Clinical Model defines health strictly as the absence of disease or illness, focusing on diagnosis and treatment rather than wellness promotion. 5. A patient is unable to perform expected social and occupational roles due to illness. Which model of health is being violated? A. Role Performance Model B. Adaptive Model C. Clinical Model D. Eudaimonistic Model Correct Answer: A. Role Performance Model Rationale: The Role Performance Model defines health as the ability to fulfill social roles such as work, family, and societal expectations. 6. Which model of health emphasizes achieving meaning and selfactualization through interaction of physical, social, psychological, and spiritual dimensions? A. Adaptive Model B. Clinical Model C. Eudaimonistic Model D. Role Performance Model Correct Answer: C. Eudaimonistic Model Rationale: The Eudaimonistic Model emphasizes holistic well-being and personal meaning derived from the interaction of physical, social, psychological, and spiritual factors. 7. Which nursing theorist developed the Hierarchy of Needs? A. Florence Nightingale B. Abraham Maslow C. Patricia Benner D. Dorothea Orem Correct Answer: B. Abraham Maslow Rationale: Maslow developed the Hierarchy of Needs, which includes physiological needs, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. 8. Which level of Maslow’s hierarchy must be addressed first in patient care? A. Self-esteem B. Physiological needs C. Love and belonging D. Self-actualization Correct Answer: B. Physiological needs Rationale: Physiological needs such as oxygen, hydration, and nutrition are the most basic and must be met before higher-level needs. 9. Which nurse is known as the founder of modern nursing? A. Clara Barton B. Mary Mahoney C. Florence Nightingale D. Lavinia Dock Correct Answer: C. Florence Nightingale Rationale: Florence Nightingale is recognized as the founder of modern nursing because of her work in sanitation, hygiene, and nursing education. 10. A nurse educator is teaching about the primary level of prevention. Which intervention is included? A. Rehabilitation after stroke B. Early disease screening C. Immunizations D. Physical therapy after injury Correct Answer: C. Immunizations Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing disease before it occurs, including immunizations, health education, and lifestyle modification. 11. Which intervention is an example of secondary prevention? A. Vaccination B. Early cancer screening C. Rehabilitation therapy D. Health education Correct Answer: B. Early cancer screening Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment, such as screening tests like mammograms or Pap smears. 12. Which phase of prevention focuses on restoring function after illness? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Quaternary Correct Answer: C. Tertiary Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation, restoration, and reducing disability after disease has occurred. 13. Which stage comes immediately after “precontemplation” in the Transtheoretical Model? A. Action B. Maintenance C. Contemplation D. Termination Correct Answer: C. Contemplation Rationale: In the Transtheoretical Model, the stage after precontemplation is contemplation, where the individual begins considering change. 14. A nurse is applying Social Learning Theory in patient education. What is the key concept? A. Behavior is influenced only by genetics B. Learning occurs through observation and reinforcement C. Health depends on spiritual alignment D. Disease is caused by environmental imbalance Correct Answer: B. Learning occurs through observation and reinforcement Rationale: Social Learning Theory explains that behavior is learned through observation, imitation, and reinforcement. 15. Which ethical principle involves doing good for the patient? A. Nonmaleficence B. Beneficence C. Justice D. Fidelity Correct Answer: B. Beneficence Rationale: Beneficence means acting in the best interest of the patient and promoting good. Question 16: Which ethical principle focuses on avoiding harm? A. Veracity B. Justice   Nonmaleficence Autonomy Correct Answer: C. Nonmaleficence Rationale: Nonmaleficence requires nurses to avoid causing harm. It is a foundational principle in healthcare ethics. Veracity is truthfulness, justice is fairness, and autonomy is patient decision-making. Question 17: A nurse ensures all patients receive equal access to care regardless of background. Which ethical principle is demonstrated? A. Justice B. Fidelity C. Autonomy D. Beneficence Correct Answer: A. Justice Rationale: Justice refers to fairness and equal distribution of healthcare resources. It ensures that all patients receive appropriate and unbiased care. Question 18: Which ethical principle requires telling the truth to patients? A. Fidelity B. Veracity C. Beneficence D. Nonmaleficence Correct Answer: B. Veracity Rationale: Veracity is the ethical principle of truthfulness and honesty in communication. It builds trust in the nurse-patient relationship. Question 19: Which ethical principle refers to keeping promises and maintaining professional commitments? A. Fidelity B. Justice C. Autonomy D. Beneficence Correct Answer: A. Fidelity Rationale: Fidelity means being faithful to professional duties and honoring commitments made to patients. It is essential for trust and professional integrity. Question 20: Which data type includes information reported directly by the patient? A. Objective data B. Diagnostic data C. Subjective data D. Clinical data Correct Answer: C. Subjective data Rationale: Subjective data is information reported by the patient, such as pain or feelings. Objective data is observable and measurable by the nurse. Question 21: Which data type is measurable and observable? A. Subjective data B. Objective data C. Emotional data D. Perceptual data Correct Answer: B. Objective data