ABQAURP questions and correct
answers
Who initially decided quality should be measured - ANSWER-Abraham Flexner
Lead the founding of the Joint Commission - ANSWER-E.A. Codman
Brought modern quality assurance techniques to moder medicine - ANSWER-Avedis Donabedian
Named the PDCA cycle - ANSWER-W. Edwards Deming
Developed the PDCA cycle - ANSWER-Walter Shewhart
Deming's seven diseases - ANSWER-1.) Lack of consistency of purpose
2.) Emphasis on short-term profits
3.) Evaluation of performance, merit rating or annual review
4.) Mobility of management (job hopping)
5.) management by use of "visible figures", with no consideration of unknowns or unknowables
6.) Excessive medical costs
7.) Excessive liability costs
Deming's 14 points for management - ANSWER-1.) Create constancy of purpose toward improvement
of product and service, with the aim to become competitive, stay in business and provide jobs.
2.) Adopt the new philosophy. Management must take on leadership for change.
3.) Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Build quality into the product in the first place.
4.) Move toward a single supplier for any one item, creating a long-term relationship of loyalty and
trust.
5.) Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service.
6.) Institute training on the job.
7.) Institute leadership. Supervision should aim to help people do a better job.
8.) Drive out fear so that everyone may work effectively.
9.) Break down barriers between departments.
10.) Eliminate slogans, exhortations and targets for the work force.
11.) Recognize that the cause of low quality and low productivity belongs to the system, and thus lies
beyond the power of the work force.
a. Eliminate quotas and substitute leadership.
b. Eliminate management by objective. Substitute leadership.
12.) Remove barriers to pride-of-workmanship.
13.) Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.
14.) Put everyone to work to accomplish transformation.
Deming's "Special Cause" - ANSWER-Unpredicted action on a system such as an increased length of
patient stay due to injuries sustained when hospital's roof collapses. "Blips" on a control chart
characterize these special causes
Deming's "Common Causes" - ANSWER-Day-to-day variations in a system
SPC charts are used to .... - ANSWER--Display data over time
-Picture trends over time
-Display upper and lower statistical limits
, They help differentiate between special cause and common cause. Common cause usually stay within
the standard deviation lines. Special causes usually fall outside
Who introduced Total Quality Control (TCQ) - ANSWER-Joseph M. Juran
Proposed "Cost of Non-Conformance" - ANSWER-Philip Crosby
What is Cost of Non-Conformance? - ANSWER-Calculating amount of money spent on mistakes and
subtracting what it would cost to do it right the first time
Quality Assurance role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Addresses primarily negative outcomes
(sentinel events). Seeks opportunities for improvement by monitoring bad events
Preferred method for analyzing a sentinel event: - ANSWER-RCA - Root Cause Analysis, including
assessment of culture
Called either PI or QI: Quality Improvement role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Seeks
opportunities to improve care by improving outcomes that are currently considered satisfactory:
getting better at what's already being done
CQI - continuous quality improvement role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Builds on previous
improvements and uses a systematic process, including data analysis to continuously enhance
performance. E.g. repeatedly reducing turnaround times
TQM (Total Quality Management) role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Encompasses the first three
approaches (QA, QI, CQI) and adds the dimension of organizational improvement and a focus on
customer desires
Credentialing role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Assured the correct individual is put in correct
position. When only qualified competent individuals are involved; variances in outcome may be
reasonable investigated with the primary focus being on the environment and systems in which
qualified people work
Risk Management role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Focus on preventing monetary loss by
eliminating negative outcomes
Utilization Review role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Maine focus is on improving already
successful care by reducing the resources used to achieve the same results
Medical Records role in Quality Management - ANSWER-They are a primary source of information.
Must be understood to be either good records of good care, bad records of good care, good records
of bad care, or bad records of bad care.
Infection Control role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Focus on reducing risk of Future infections
What is LEAN? - ANSWER-Approach developed in Japan focused on analysis of processes that produce
outcomes and eliminating steps that do not "add value"
What is Six Sigma? - ANSWER-Quality approach that uses data-driven information to "eliminate
defects", focusing not only on improvement no process flow but in reducing process variation to
achieve six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit.
What is LEAN Six Sigma? - ANSWER-Consists of five basic phases:
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (aka follow-up). DMAIC
What should you think when you here terms "should, could, or would"? - ANSWER-So what? These
terms are usually indications that the process may be getting off track. These words often divert
answers
Who initially decided quality should be measured - ANSWER-Abraham Flexner
Lead the founding of the Joint Commission - ANSWER-E.A. Codman
Brought modern quality assurance techniques to moder medicine - ANSWER-Avedis Donabedian
Named the PDCA cycle - ANSWER-W. Edwards Deming
Developed the PDCA cycle - ANSWER-Walter Shewhart
Deming's seven diseases - ANSWER-1.) Lack of consistency of purpose
2.) Emphasis on short-term profits
3.) Evaluation of performance, merit rating or annual review
4.) Mobility of management (job hopping)
5.) management by use of "visible figures", with no consideration of unknowns or unknowables
6.) Excessive medical costs
7.) Excessive liability costs
Deming's 14 points for management - ANSWER-1.) Create constancy of purpose toward improvement
of product and service, with the aim to become competitive, stay in business and provide jobs.
2.) Adopt the new philosophy. Management must take on leadership for change.
3.) Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Build quality into the product in the first place.
4.) Move toward a single supplier for any one item, creating a long-term relationship of loyalty and
trust.
5.) Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service.
6.) Institute training on the job.
7.) Institute leadership. Supervision should aim to help people do a better job.
8.) Drive out fear so that everyone may work effectively.
9.) Break down barriers between departments.
10.) Eliminate slogans, exhortations and targets for the work force.
11.) Recognize that the cause of low quality and low productivity belongs to the system, and thus lies
beyond the power of the work force.
a. Eliminate quotas and substitute leadership.
b. Eliminate management by objective. Substitute leadership.
12.) Remove barriers to pride-of-workmanship.
13.) Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.
14.) Put everyone to work to accomplish transformation.
Deming's "Special Cause" - ANSWER-Unpredicted action on a system such as an increased length of
patient stay due to injuries sustained when hospital's roof collapses. "Blips" on a control chart
characterize these special causes
Deming's "Common Causes" - ANSWER-Day-to-day variations in a system
SPC charts are used to .... - ANSWER--Display data over time
-Picture trends over time
-Display upper and lower statistical limits
, They help differentiate between special cause and common cause. Common cause usually stay within
the standard deviation lines. Special causes usually fall outside
Who introduced Total Quality Control (TCQ) - ANSWER-Joseph M. Juran
Proposed "Cost of Non-Conformance" - ANSWER-Philip Crosby
What is Cost of Non-Conformance? - ANSWER-Calculating amount of money spent on mistakes and
subtracting what it would cost to do it right the first time
Quality Assurance role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Addresses primarily negative outcomes
(sentinel events). Seeks opportunities for improvement by monitoring bad events
Preferred method for analyzing a sentinel event: - ANSWER-RCA - Root Cause Analysis, including
assessment of culture
Called either PI or QI: Quality Improvement role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Seeks
opportunities to improve care by improving outcomes that are currently considered satisfactory:
getting better at what's already being done
CQI - continuous quality improvement role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Builds on previous
improvements and uses a systematic process, including data analysis to continuously enhance
performance. E.g. repeatedly reducing turnaround times
TQM (Total Quality Management) role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Encompasses the first three
approaches (QA, QI, CQI) and adds the dimension of organizational improvement and a focus on
customer desires
Credentialing role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Assured the correct individual is put in correct
position. When only qualified competent individuals are involved; variances in outcome may be
reasonable investigated with the primary focus being on the environment and systems in which
qualified people work
Risk Management role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Focus on preventing monetary loss by
eliminating negative outcomes
Utilization Review role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Maine focus is on improving already
successful care by reducing the resources used to achieve the same results
Medical Records role in Quality Management - ANSWER-They are a primary source of information.
Must be understood to be either good records of good care, bad records of good care, good records
of bad care, or bad records of bad care.
Infection Control role in Quality Management - ANSWER-Focus on reducing risk of Future infections
What is LEAN? - ANSWER-Approach developed in Japan focused on analysis of processes that produce
outcomes and eliminating steps that do not "add value"
What is Six Sigma? - ANSWER-Quality approach that uses data-driven information to "eliminate
defects", focusing not only on improvement no process flow but in reducing process variation to
achieve six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit.
What is LEAN Six Sigma? - ANSWER-Consists of five basic phases:
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (aka follow-up). DMAIC
What should you think when you here terms "should, could, or would"? - ANSWER-So what? These
terms are usually indications that the process may be getting off track. These words often divert
