Psychology 100 Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Question and Answer | 100% Verified | 2026
• Psychology -✓✓ The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
• 1879 -✓✓ The founding date of Psychology
• Wilhem Wundt -✓✓ The founder of Psychology
• Physiology and Philosophy -✓✓ Two fields Psychology was born from
• Structuralism -✓✓ An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the
elemental structure of the human mind
• Functionalism -✓✓ A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral
processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish.
• Psychoanalysis -✓✓ A set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a
method of treating various mental disorders
• Biological Psychology -✓✓ A branch of psychology concerned with the links between
biology and behavior (genes)
• Humanism -✓✓ A philosophy in which interests and values of human beings are of
primary importance
• Behaviorism -✓✓ The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2)
studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists
today agree with (1) but not with (2).
• Cognitive Psychology -✓✓ Perspective that focuses on the mental processes involved
in perception, learning, memory, and thinking
• Evolutionary Psychology -✓✓ The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind,
using principles of natural selection
• Psychoanalytic -✓✓ Sigmund Freud contributed to this psychological perspective
• Behaviorism -✓✓ John B. Watson contributed to this psychological perspective
• Behaviorism -✓✓ B.F. Skinner contributed to this psychological perspective
, • Humanism -✓✓ Carl Rogers contributed to this psychological perspective
• Humanism -✓✓ Abraham Maslow contributed to this psychological perspective
• Clinical Psychologist -✓✓ A psychologist trained to deal with serious mental illness;
they do psychological testing, psychotherapy, and conduct research
• Counseling Psychologist -✓✓ A psychologist who usually helps people deal with
problems of living
• Psychiatrist -✓✓ A medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of
mental disorders; can prescribe medication
• Empirical -✓✓ Method of study/research based on direct observation rather than on
speculation, traditional beliefs, or common sense
• Psychology is: Empirical, Theoretically Diverse, Evolves in a Sociohistorical Context,
Behavior is Determined by Multipal Causes, Behavior is Shaped by Cultural Heritage,
Heredity and Environment Jointly Influence Behavior, and People's Experience of the
World is Highly Subjective -✓✓ 7 Key Themes Related to Psychology
• Description, Explanation, Prediction, Control -✓✓ 4 Major Goals of Psychology
• Observe, Background Research, Define Terms, Form Hypothesis, Design the Study,
Collect Data, Analyze Data, Report Findings, Form New Hypothesis -✓✓ Steps in the
Scientific Method
• Theory -✓✓ An explanation using an integrated set of principles and the scientific
method that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events
• Hypothesis -✓✓ A specific prediction to be tested; a theory that has not yet been
confirmed
• Correlational Study -✓✓ Investigates the relationship between two or more variables
• Positive Correlation -✓✓ Two variables vary systematically in the same direction
• Negative Correlation -✓✓ Two variables vary systematically in opposite directions
• Correlation Coefficient -✓✓ Numerical indication of magnitude and direction of the
relationship between two variables
• Independent Variable -✓✓ Controlled by the experimenter to see its impact on another
variable
Question and Answer | 100% Verified | 2026
• Psychology -✓✓ The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
• 1879 -✓✓ The founding date of Psychology
• Wilhem Wundt -✓✓ The founder of Psychology
• Physiology and Philosophy -✓✓ Two fields Psychology was born from
• Structuralism -✓✓ An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the
elemental structure of the human mind
• Functionalism -✓✓ A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral
processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish.
• Psychoanalysis -✓✓ A set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a
method of treating various mental disorders
• Biological Psychology -✓✓ A branch of psychology concerned with the links between
biology and behavior (genes)
• Humanism -✓✓ A philosophy in which interests and values of human beings are of
primary importance
• Behaviorism -✓✓ The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2)
studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists
today agree with (1) but not with (2).
• Cognitive Psychology -✓✓ Perspective that focuses on the mental processes involved
in perception, learning, memory, and thinking
• Evolutionary Psychology -✓✓ The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind,
using principles of natural selection
• Psychoanalytic -✓✓ Sigmund Freud contributed to this psychological perspective
• Behaviorism -✓✓ John B. Watson contributed to this psychological perspective
• Behaviorism -✓✓ B.F. Skinner contributed to this psychological perspective
, • Humanism -✓✓ Carl Rogers contributed to this psychological perspective
• Humanism -✓✓ Abraham Maslow contributed to this psychological perspective
• Clinical Psychologist -✓✓ A psychologist trained to deal with serious mental illness;
they do psychological testing, psychotherapy, and conduct research
• Counseling Psychologist -✓✓ A psychologist who usually helps people deal with
problems of living
• Psychiatrist -✓✓ A medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of
mental disorders; can prescribe medication
• Empirical -✓✓ Method of study/research based on direct observation rather than on
speculation, traditional beliefs, or common sense
• Psychology is: Empirical, Theoretically Diverse, Evolves in a Sociohistorical Context,
Behavior is Determined by Multipal Causes, Behavior is Shaped by Cultural Heritage,
Heredity and Environment Jointly Influence Behavior, and People's Experience of the
World is Highly Subjective -✓✓ 7 Key Themes Related to Psychology
• Description, Explanation, Prediction, Control -✓✓ 4 Major Goals of Psychology
• Observe, Background Research, Define Terms, Form Hypothesis, Design the Study,
Collect Data, Analyze Data, Report Findings, Form New Hypothesis -✓✓ Steps in the
Scientific Method
• Theory -✓✓ An explanation using an integrated set of principles and the scientific
method that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events
• Hypothesis -✓✓ A specific prediction to be tested; a theory that has not yet been
confirmed
• Correlational Study -✓✓ Investigates the relationship between two or more variables
• Positive Correlation -✓✓ Two variables vary systematically in the same direction
• Negative Correlation -✓✓ Two variables vary systematically in opposite directions
• Correlation Coefficient -✓✓ Numerical indication of magnitude and direction of the
relationship between two variables
• Independent Variable -✓✓ Controlled by the experimenter to see its impact on another
variable
