PSYC 111 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The scientific study of the mind,
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brain, and behavior.
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Multiply Determined - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-There is more than one
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influence; hard to isolate one specific factor.
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Individual Differences - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Variations among people
| | | | | |
|in their thinking, emotion, personality, and behavior.
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Naive Realism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The belief that we see the world
| | | | | | | | | | |
exactly how it is. "Seeing is believing"
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Empiricism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The idea that predictions should
| | | | | | | |
first be based off of observations.
| | | | |
Confirmation Bias - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to seek out
| | | | | | | | |
evidence that supports our hypotheses, and deny, dismiss, or distort
| | | | | | | | | |
evidence that disproves them.
| | |
,Belief Perseverance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to stick to
| | | | | | | | |
our initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them.
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Structuralism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To identify basic
| | | | | | | |
elements of experience. Left legacy of systematic observation.
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Functionalism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To understand
| | | | | | |
the functions of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors - concerned with the
| | | | | | | | | | |
brain's software. |
Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To uncover the
| | | | | | | |
general principles of learning. Left legacy of objective research - focused
| | | | | | | | | |
on observable behavior.
| | |
Cognitivism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To examine the role
| | | | | | | |
of mental processes on behavior. Influential on language, problem-
| | | | | | | | |
solving, concept formation, intelligence, memory, psychotherapy.
| | | | |
Psychoanalysis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To uncover the
| | | | | | | |
role of unconscious psychological processes and early life experiences
| | | | | | | | |
on behavior. Left legacy that mental processes often go on outside of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
conscious awareness. |
,Psuedoscience - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A set of claims that seem | | | | | | | | |
scientific but aren't. | |
Ad Hoc Immunizing Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A loophole that
| | | | | | | |
prevents a theory from being falsified.
| | | | | |
Patternicity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Our tendency to detect meaningful
| | | | | | |
patterns in random stimuli.
| | | |
Scientific Skepticism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Approaching things with
| | | | | | |
an open mind, and insisting on adequate evidence before accepting a
| | | | | | | | | | |
claim.
Ruling out Rival Hypotheses, Correlation vs. Causation, Falsifiability,
| | | | | | | |
Replicability, Extraordinary Claims/Extraordinary Evidence, Occam's
| | | | |
Razor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Thinking (6 Principles).
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External Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The extent that our findings
| | | | | | | | |
can generalize the real world.
| | | |
Internal Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The extent to which we can
| | | | | | | | | |
draw cause and effect inferences.
| | | |
, Naturalistic Observations - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Observe behaviors
| | | | | |
that may not be shown in the lab; high in EV, low in IV.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Case Study Designs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Researchers examine one
| | | | | | | |
person/small group in depth over a long period of time; low in IV.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Self-Reports/Surveys - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Administer a | | | | |
questionnaire to a random sample, measure the reliability and validity;
| | | | | | | | | |
low in IV.
| |
Test-Retest Reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The stability of a
| | | | | | | |
measurement over time. | |
Interrater Reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Two people are asked to
| | | | | | | | |
rate a third person - if results are consistent, rating is high in ________.
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Convergent Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Is measure similar to things
| | | | | | | |
that it should be similar to?
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Discriminant Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Does the measure NOT
| | | | | | | |
measure what it's NOT supposed to?
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Correlational Designs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Examines the extent to
| | | | | | | |
which two variables are associated statistically; low in IV.
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Correct Answers
Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The scientific study of the mind,
| | | | | | | | |
brain, and behavior.
| |
Multiply Determined - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-There is more than one
| | | | | | | | |
influence; hard to isolate one specific factor.
| | | | | |
Individual Differences - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Variations among people
| | | | | |
|in their thinking, emotion, personality, and behavior.
| | | | | |
Naive Realism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The belief that we see the world
| | | | | | | | | | |
exactly how it is. "Seeing is believing"
| | | | | |
Empiricism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The idea that predictions should
| | | | | | | |
first be based off of observations.
| | | | |
Confirmation Bias - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to seek out
| | | | | | | | |
evidence that supports our hypotheses, and deny, dismiss, or distort
| | | | | | | | | |
evidence that disproves them.
| | |
,Belief Perseverance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to stick to
| | | | | | | | |
our initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them.
| | | | | | |
Structuralism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To identify basic
| | | | | | | |
elements of experience. Left legacy of systematic observation.
| | | | | | |
Functionalism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To understand
| | | | | | |
the functions of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors - concerned with the
| | | | | | | | | | |
brain's software. |
Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To uncover the
| | | | | | | |
general principles of learning. Left legacy of objective research - focused
| | | | | | | | | |
on observable behavior.
| | |
Cognitivism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To examine the role
| | | | | | | |
of mental processes on behavior. Influential on language, problem-
| | | | | | | | |
solving, concept formation, intelligence, memory, psychotherapy.
| | | | |
Psychoanalysis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To uncover the
| | | | | | | |
role of unconscious psychological processes and early life experiences
| | | | | | | | |
on behavior. Left legacy that mental processes often go on outside of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
conscious awareness. |
,Psuedoscience - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A set of claims that seem | | | | | | | | |
scientific but aren't. | |
Ad Hoc Immunizing Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A loophole that
| | | | | | | |
prevents a theory from being falsified.
| | | | | |
Patternicity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Our tendency to detect meaningful
| | | | | | |
patterns in random stimuli.
| | | |
Scientific Skepticism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Approaching things with
| | | | | | |
an open mind, and insisting on adequate evidence before accepting a
| | | | | | | | | | |
claim.
Ruling out Rival Hypotheses, Correlation vs. Causation, Falsifiability,
| | | | | | | |
Replicability, Extraordinary Claims/Extraordinary Evidence, Occam's
| | | | |
Razor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Thinking (6 Principles).
| | | | | |
External Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The extent that our findings
| | | | | | | | |
can generalize the real world.
| | | |
Internal Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The extent to which we can
| | | | | | | | | |
draw cause and effect inferences.
| | | |
, Naturalistic Observations - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Observe behaviors
| | | | | |
that may not be shown in the lab; high in EV, low in IV.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Case Study Designs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Researchers examine one
| | | | | | | |
person/small group in depth over a long period of time; low in IV.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Self-Reports/Surveys - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Administer a | | | | |
questionnaire to a random sample, measure the reliability and validity;
| | | | | | | | | |
low in IV.
| |
Test-Retest Reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The stability of a
| | | | | | | |
measurement over time. | |
Interrater Reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Two people are asked to
| | | | | | | | |
rate a third person - if results are consistent, rating is high in ________.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Convergent Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Is measure similar to things
| | | | | | | |
that it should be similar to?
| | | | | |
Discriminant Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Does the measure NOT
| | | | | | | |
measure what it's NOT supposed to?
| | | | |
Correlational Designs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Examines the extent to
| | | | | | | |
which two variables are associated statistically; low in IV.
| | | | | | | |
