AOD COUNSELOR 2026 CORE REVIEW
SHEET SCREENING ASSESSMENT AND
DIAGNOSIS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE
DISORDERS
◉ Adlerian Therapy
Answer: Uses fictional finalism as an imagined central goal that gives
us purpose and guides our behavior
◉ Phenomenology
Answer: A counselor attempts to view the world from the same
frame of reference as the patient
◉ Behavioral Therapy
Answer: Focuses on modifying patient's learned behaviors that are
negatively affecting his life
◉ Classical conditioning
Answer: A model of behavioral therapy developed by Pavlov, where a
response to a stimuli can be elicited over time by association with a
related stimulus
,◉ Operant conditioning
Answer: Developed by BF Skinner; behavior is reinforced and
learned based on consequences of behavior
◉ Modeling
Answer: Developed by Albert Bandura, where a behavior is learned
by observing the consequences of someone else's experiences
◉ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Answer: Developed by Aaron Beck originally as a short-term
treatment for depression; self-defeating thoughts, emotions and
behaviors cause dysfunction and are taught to be recognized and
replaced.
◉ Gestalt Therapy
Answer: Developed by Fritz Perls, a method where the patient gains
awareness of what he is currently experiencing and learns personal
responsibility for his thoughts, emotions and behaviors
Focuses primarily on understanding how one behaves, rather than
why. Process-oriented, unfinished business.
◉ Motivational Enhancement Therapy
,Answer: A therapeutic approach that addresses ambivalence and
helps clients consider the advantages and disadvantages of
continuing substance use
Based on the Stages of Change model
◉ Person-Centered Therapy
Answer: A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which
the therapist creates an accepting, empathic environment to
facilitate the client's growth
◉ Congruence
Answer: The ability to match external behavior and expression with
internal feelings and thoughts
◉ Unconditional Positive Regard
Answer: A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, conducive to
developing self-awareness and self-acceptance
◉ Pharmacotherapy
Answer: The use of medically prescribed psychoactive chemicals to
treat psychiatric and behavioral conditions
◉ Sensitizers
, Answer: Pharmacotherapies that cause unpleasant effects if certain
psychoactive chemicals are taken in conjunction with it
◉ Antagonists
Answer: Pharmacotherapies that block the effects of certain drugs to
either prevent overdose or as a treatment approach for maintaining
sobriety
◉ Psychoanalytical Therapy
Answer: A long-term process that tries to reach a patient's
unconscious and bring repressed thoughts (such as pain and grief)
to the surface with the help of free association.
◉ Deterministic
Answer: A philosophy based on the idea that human behavior is
largely influenced by internal, unconscious drives
◉ Defense mechanism
Answer: A technique used by the ego when a conflict between the id
and the superego causes anxiety
◉ Sublimation
Answer: A defense mechanism that involves redirecting maladaptive
behavior into socially acceptable behavior
SHEET SCREENING ASSESSMENT AND
DIAGNOSIS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE
DISORDERS
◉ Adlerian Therapy
Answer: Uses fictional finalism as an imagined central goal that gives
us purpose and guides our behavior
◉ Phenomenology
Answer: A counselor attempts to view the world from the same
frame of reference as the patient
◉ Behavioral Therapy
Answer: Focuses on modifying patient's learned behaviors that are
negatively affecting his life
◉ Classical conditioning
Answer: A model of behavioral therapy developed by Pavlov, where a
response to a stimuli can be elicited over time by association with a
related stimulus
,◉ Operant conditioning
Answer: Developed by BF Skinner; behavior is reinforced and
learned based on consequences of behavior
◉ Modeling
Answer: Developed by Albert Bandura, where a behavior is learned
by observing the consequences of someone else's experiences
◉ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Answer: Developed by Aaron Beck originally as a short-term
treatment for depression; self-defeating thoughts, emotions and
behaviors cause dysfunction and are taught to be recognized and
replaced.
◉ Gestalt Therapy
Answer: Developed by Fritz Perls, a method where the patient gains
awareness of what he is currently experiencing and learns personal
responsibility for his thoughts, emotions and behaviors
Focuses primarily on understanding how one behaves, rather than
why. Process-oriented, unfinished business.
◉ Motivational Enhancement Therapy
,Answer: A therapeutic approach that addresses ambivalence and
helps clients consider the advantages and disadvantages of
continuing substance use
Based on the Stages of Change model
◉ Person-Centered Therapy
Answer: A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which
the therapist creates an accepting, empathic environment to
facilitate the client's growth
◉ Congruence
Answer: The ability to match external behavior and expression with
internal feelings and thoughts
◉ Unconditional Positive Regard
Answer: A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, conducive to
developing self-awareness and self-acceptance
◉ Pharmacotherapy
Answer: The use of medically prescribed psychoactive chemicals to
treat psychiatric and behavioral conditions
◉ Sensitizers
, Answer: Pharmacotherapies that cause unpleasant effects if certain
psychoactive chemicals are taken in conjunction with it
◉ Antagonists
Answer: Pharmacotherapies that block the effects of certain drugs to
either prevent overdose or as a treatment approach for maintaining
sobriety
◉ Psychoanalytical Therapy
Answer: A long-term process that tries to reach a patient's
unconscious and bring repressed thoughts (such as pain and grief)
to the surface with the help of free association.
◉ Deterministic
Answer: A philosophy based on the idea that human behavior is
largely influenced by internal, unconscious drives
◉ Defense mechanism
Answer: A technique used by the ego when a conflict between the id
and the superego causes anxiety
◉ Sublimation
Answer: A defense mechanism that involves redirecting maladaptive
behavior into socially acceptable behavior
