BIOLOGY 1322 FINAL EXAM-WCJC QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
AI = Adequate Intakes Correct Answers standards for nutrients
with inadequate information to determine EAR or RDAs
estimate of daily intake based on eating patterns of healthy
people
AI for Men Correct Answers 15.5 cups/day
AI for women Correct Answers 11 cups/day
AMDR = Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
Correct Answers range of carbs, fat and protein intakes that
may reduce risk of diet-related chronic disease
Anorexia nervosa Correct Answers Self-imposed starvation
Results in malnutrition and very low body weight
Binge-eating disorder Correct Answers Recurrent overeating
episodes NOT followed by purging
Results in normal, overweight or obese appearance
Bulimia nervosa Correct Answers Binging and purging
Results in normal appearance
Acid in vomit can erode tooth enamel and damage esophagus
and stomach
Calculate the RDA for a given person's weight (remember that 1
kg = 2.2 pounds) Correct Answers RDA:0.8g/kg
,Example: a healthy person weighing 150 lbs (68.2kg because
1kg = 2.2lbs) needs 68.2 x 0.8 = 54.6 grams of protein per day
Celiac Disease Correct Answers Inherited condition with
environmental triggers
Poor absorption of nutrients in small intestine
Cannot tolerate gluten (protein in wheat, barley and rye)
Signs and symptoms vary but include bloating, chronic diarrhea
and weight loss
Treatment: gluten-free diet
Color additives Correct Answers Enhance natural colors and
provide color to fun foods
Processed foods
FD&C Blue 1, beta-carotene, caramel color, FD&C Red No. 40
Dairy Foods Correct Answers milk and products made from
milk, such as yogurt and hard cheeses
Includes ice cream and pudding
macronutrients: protein
micronutrients: calcium (mineral), phosphorus (mineral),
riboflavin (B vitamin), usually fortified with Vitamins A and D
DANGER ZONE Correct Answers 40-140
Define the term emulsifier Correct Answers Partially water
soluble because has a hydrophobic region
Acts as emulsifier - can keep water soluble and water insoluble
compounds mixed together
Usually found in salad dressing,mayo and ice cream for that
reason
, Denaturation Correct Answers loss of protein's 3D shape due to
high temperature or change in pH
Describe heat-related illnesses Correct Answers Heat cramps:
muscle spasms that may result from loss of electrolytes in sweat;
treatment-rest replacing electrolytes and stretching/massage
Heat exhaustion: cramps, excessive sweat, faintness or
dizziness; treatment-rest, cool the person down, replace fluids
and electrolytes
Heatstroke: elevated body temperature, lack of sweating,
confusion, coma; treatment-medical emergency that requires
911
Describe how insulin and glucagon maintain blood glucose
Correct Answers glucose blood level maintained by the
hormones insulin and glucagon
Describe some techniques used to denature proteins to tenderize
meat Correct Answers Happens during the cooking process
Also helpful for tenderizing meat (marinades)
Wine(alcohol)
Citrus
Vinegar(acid)
Describe the characteristics of an essential nutrient Correct
Answers causing deficiency disease if missing from diet
adding back causes deficiency to be corrected
deficiency is explained by specific role of nutrient in body
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
AI = Adequate Intakes Correct Answers standards for nutrients
with inadequate information to determine EAR or RDAs
estimate of daily intake based on eating patterns of healthy
people
AI for Men Correct Answers 15.5 cups/day
AI for women Correct Answers 11 cups/day
AMDR = Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
Correct Answers range of carbs, fat and protein intakes that
may reduce risk of diet-related chronic disease
Anorexia nervosa Correct Answers Self-imposed starvation
Results in malnutrition and very low body weight
Binge-eating disorder Correct Answers Recurrent overeating
episodes NOT followed by purging
Results in normal, overweight or obese appearance
Bulimia nervosa Correct Answers Binging and purging
Results in normal appearance
Acid in vomit can erode tooth enamel and damage esophagus
and stomach
Calculate the RDA for a given person's weight (remember that 1
kg = 2.2 pounds) Correct Answers RDA:0.8g/kg
,Example: a healthy person weighing 150 lbs (68.2kg because
1kg = 2.2lbs) needs 68.2 x 0.8 = 54.6 grams of protein per day
Celiac Disease Correct Answers Inherited condition with
environmental triggers
Poor absorption of nutrients in small intestine
Cannot tolerate gluten (protein in wheat, barley and rye)
Signs and symptoms vary but include bloating, chronic diarrhea
and weight loss
Treatment: gluten-free diet
Color additives Correct Answers Enhance natural colors and
provide color to fun foods
Processed foods
FD&C Blue 1, beta-carotene, caramel color, FD&C Red No. 40
Dairy Foods Correct Answers milk and products made from
milk, such as yogurt and hard cheeses
Includes ice cream and pudding
macronutrients: protein
micronutrients: calcium (mineral), phosphorus (mineral),
riboflavin (B vitamin), usually fortified with Vitamins A and D
DANGER ZONE Correct Answers 40-140
Define the term emulsifier Correct Answers Partially water
soluble because has a hydrophobic region
Acts as emulsifier - can keep water soluble and water insoluble
compounds mixed together
Usually found in salad dressing,mayo and ice cream for that
reason
, Denaturation Correct Answers loss of protein's 3D shape due to
high temperature or change in pH
Describe heat-related illnesses Correct Answers Heat cramps:
muscle spasms that may result from loss of electrolytes in sweat;
treatment-rest replacing electrolytes and stretching/massage
Heat exhaustion: cramps, excessive sweat, faintness or
dizziness; treatment-rest, cool the person down, replace fluids
and electrolytes
Heatstroke: elevated body temperature, lack of sweating,
confusion, coma; treatment-medical emergency that requires
911
Describe how insulin and glucagon maintain blood glucose
Correct Answers glucose blood level maintained by the
hormones insulin and glucagon
Describe some techniques used to denature proteins to tenderize
meat Correct Answers Happens during the cooking process
Also helpful for tenderizing meat (marinades)
Wine(alcohol)
Citrus
Vinegar(acid)
Describe the characteristics of an essential nutrient Correct
Answers causing deficiency disease if missing from diet
adding back causes deficiency to be corrected
deficiency is explained by specific role of nutrient in body
