lOMoAR cPSD| 3015998
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
t assessment: dehydration, ketosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia
t admin fast acting insulin that can be effective within 10 min, admin IV
t kussmaul resp
Beta blockers (Propanolol)
t monitor: sore throat, vision changes, blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, abd cramping, colitis,
acute pancreatitis
t notify provider: night cough
Factors that affect wound healing
t dehydration (UO)
t infection
t BMI <18.5 or >25
t malnutrition (low protein, vita C)
t age
t decreased hgb, tissue perfusion
t wound stress
HIV/AIDS
t positive response to treatment monitored by viral load
t risk for infection: do not drink fluids left out for longer than 60 min, clean toothbrush in
dishwasher weekly, avoid fresh produce, check temp daily
t dx test: ELISA confirmed by western blot/IFA, viral load
Fluid replacement
t monitor BUN
Cerebrovascular accident
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3015998
t right sided: visual, spatial, proprioception; poor impulse control/judgment; unilateral neglect
t left sided: language, math, analytical skills
Preventing UTIs
t wipe from front to back
t void after intercourse
t avoid baths
t drink 2t3 L of fluid daily
t cotton underwear
t urinate Q2t4h
Radiation therapy
t do not remove ink markings
t wash area gently with warm water and mild soap
t avoid sun esposure for 1 year
t dispose body fluids in lead container
t limit visits to 30 min a day
t staff should wear dosimeter badge to monitor exposure
t keep all soiled linens in room until implant is removed
Kidney transplants
t hemodialysis sometimes needed following surgery because kidneys from deceased donors may
not function immediately
t requires lifelong immunosuppressive therapy
t complications: cardiovascular disease
Hemodialysis
t expected: weight loss, decrease BP, increase temp
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3015998
t complications: hypocalcemia, bleeding, infection, hypovolemia, anemia
t disequilibrium syndrome: nausea, restlessness, dysrhythmias, seizures, headache
t notify: headache, nausea, dizziness during dialysis
t do not eat during dialysis
Inotropic medications
t dopamine, digoxin, dobutamine, milirinone
t increase contractility and improve CO
t monitor HR (apical), hold if <60 min
Diabetes inspidus
t deficiency in ADH
t inability to concentrate urine, 1.001t1.005
t assessment: hypotension, weak peripheral pulses, polydipsia, polyuria (4t30L/day), nocturia,
dehydration
t DILUTE urine chemistry, CONCENTRATED serum chemestry
t treatments: desmopressin, vasopressin (synthetic ADH)
t complications: CNS damage, serizures
Heart failure
t monitor daily weight and i/o
t prevention/health promotion: exercise regularly, consume diet low in Na, fluid restrictions,
smokin cessation
t left sided HF r/t hypertension, CAD, angina, MI, valvular disease... decreased systemic
perfusion
t right sided HR r/t left sided HF, pulmonary problems, right ventricular MI
t **fluid will be backed up in the system behind the failure (Left in Lungs, right in body)
Esophageal varices
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
t assessment: dehydration, ketosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia
t admin fast acting insulin that can be effective within 10 min, admin IV
t kussmaul resp
Beta blockers (Propanolol)
t monitor: sore throat, vision changes, blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, abd cramping, colitis,
acute pancreatitis
t notify provider: night cough
Factors that affect wound healing
t dehydration (UO)
t infection
t BMI <18.5 or >25
t malnutrition (low protein, vita C)
t age
t decreased hgb, tissue perfusion
t wound stress
HIV/AIDS
t positive response to treatment monitored by viral load
t risk for infection: do not drink fluids left out for longer than 60 min, clean toothbrush in
dishwasher weekly, avoid fresh produce, check temp daily
t dx test: ELISA confirmed by western blot/IFA, viral load
Fluid replacement
t monitor BUN
Cerebrovascular accident
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3015998
t right sided: visual, spatial, proprioception; poor impulse control/judgment; unilateral neglect
t left sided: language, math, analytical skills
Preventing UTIs
t wipe from front to back
t void after intercourse
t avoid baths
t drink 2t3 L of fluid daily
t cotton underwear
t urinate Q2t4h
Radiation therapy
t do not remove ink markings
t wash area gently with warm water and mild soap
t avoid sun esposure for 1 year
t dispose body fluids in lead container
t limit visits to 30 min a day
t staff should wear dosimeter badge to monitor exposure
t keep all soiled linens in room until implant is removed
Kidney transplants
t hemodialysis sometimes needed following surgery because kidneys from deceased donors may
not function immediately
t requires lifelong immunosuppressive therapy
t complications: cardiovascular disease
Hemodialysis
t expected: weight loss, decrease BP, increase temp
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3015998
t complications: hypocalcemia, bleeding, infection, hypovolemia, anemia
t disequilibrium syndrome: nausea, restlessness, dysrhythmias, seizures, headache
t notify: headache, nausea, dizziness during dialysis
t do not eat during dialysis
Inotropic medications
t dopamine, digoxin, dobutamine, milirinone
t increase contractility and improve CO
t monitor HR (apical), hold if <60 min
Diabetes inspidus
t deficiency in ADH
t inability to concentrate urine, 1.001t1.005
t assessment: hypotension, weak peripheral pulses, polydipsia, polyuria (4t30L/day), nocturia,
dehydration
t DILUTE urine chemistry, CONCENTRATED serum chemestry
t treatments: desmopressin, vasopressin (synthetic ADH)
t complications: CNS damage, serizures
Heart failure
t monitor daily weight and i/o
t prevention/health promotion: exercise regularly, consume diet low in Na, fluid restrictions,
smokin cessation
t left sided HF r/t hypertension, CAD, angina, MI, valvular disease... decreased systemic
perfusion
t right sided HR r/t left sided HF, pulmonary problems, right ventricular MI
t **fluid will be backed up in the system behind the failure (Left in Lungs, right in body)
Esophageal varices
