ACTUAL EXAM 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS
1. Climacteric phase The period of endrocrinologic, somatic, and transitory psychologic changes that
occur around the time of menopause.
2. Early menopause LMP before age 45
3. Late menopause LMP after age 54
4. Primary ovarian
9. Chinese and Japanese women
insufficiency
5. Early menopause
transition (stage
-2)
6. Late menopause
transition (stage
-1)
7. Luteal out of
phase event
(LOOP)
8. Obese women and
estradiol levels
during menopause
,Menopause that occurs before age 40
Explains why some perimenopausal women have elevated estrogen level some-times...In the early
menopause transition, elevated FSH levels are adequate to recruit a second follicle which results in a
Persistent ditterence of 7 days or more in the follicular phase-like rise in estradiol secretion superimposed on the mid-to-late luteal phase of the
length of consecutive cycles. ongoing ovulatory cycle.
Obese women are more likely to have anovulatory cycles with high estradiol levels. They are also
more likely to have lower premenopause yet higher post-menopause estradiol levels compared with
60 or more consecutive days of amenorrhea women of normal weight. (why they are at higher risk of endometrial cancer)
These ethnic groups have lower estradiol levels then white, black and hispanic women.
10. stage +2 late menopause stage: 5-8 years after FMP. Somatic aging predominates. In-
creased genitourinary symptoms.
, 11. Stages +1a, +1b, early post menopause: 2 years after FMP. FSH rises, estradiol decreases. VMS predominate.
+1c
12. Elevated FSH, LH Endocrine labs after menopause
13. AMH, inhibin B These hormones work during reproductive years to not deplete follicle pool too
quickly.
14. Phases during Menstrual cycle shortenes, follicular phase compresses, women spend more time in luteal phase..
menopause tran-sition meaning more premenstrual symptoms and more frequent menstrual periods.
and PMS symptoms
15. How to respond if many pitfalls, variable depending on the day of the cycle you draw the lab, normal
a patient requests or low FSH is not helpful.
FSH lab?
16. The potentially AMH
superior marker of
menopause, a lab.
17. DHEA
(dehy- Adrenal androgens: precursor hromones produced by the adrenal gland that are enzymatically converted to
droepiandros- active androgens or estrogens in peripheral tissues.
terone)
18. Location of estro-gen
Vagina, vulva, urethra, trigone of the bladder
receptors
19. Effects of estro-gen maintain blood flow, the collagen, and HA within the epithelial surfaces. Supports microbiome and protects
on tissue tissue from pathogens.