Chapter 1: The Human Body: An Orientation
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the
question.
Figure 1.1
Using Figure 1.1, match the following cavities:
1) Thoracic cavity. 1) _____________
2) Cranial cavity. 2) _____________
3) Abdominal cavity. 3) _____________
4) Vertebral cavity. 4) _____________
,Figure 1.2
Using Figure 1.2, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram:
5) Information about body temperature is sent through afferent pathways to the brain. 5) _____________
6) Free nerve endings in the skin detect changes in skin temperature (getting warmer). 6) _____________
7) Appropriate response information is sent through efferent pathways. 7) _____________
8) A change in the temperature of the external environment (getting warmer). 8) _____________
9) Sweat glands are stimulated as well as blood being distributed to the skin to allow 9) _____________
cooling of the body to return the body's temperature to a physiological level.
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following systems to their functions:
10) Provides the force to move bones A) Muscular 10) ______
about their joints.
11) Responds to environmental changes A) Nervous 11) ______
by transmitting appropriate
electrical impulses.
B)
Skeletal
12) Provides a ridged framework to C) 12) ______
support the body and stores
minerals.
Integumentary
13) Prevents water loss, entry of germs 13) ______
into the body and synthesizes
vitamin D.
,Match the following systems to their functions:
14) Controls the body with chemical A) Immune 14) ______
molecules called hormones.
B)
15) Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the Endocrine 15) ______
tissues.
C)
Lymphatic
16) A functional organ system which D) 16) ______
provides a means of protecting us
from foreign invaders.
Cardiovascular
17) Picks up and cleans excess fluid 17) ______
from tissues.
Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms:
18) Used for changes in blood glucose A) Negative feedback 18) ______
levels.
B)
19) Used for changes in blood pressure. Positive feedback 19) ______
20) Used for blood clotting. 20) ______
21) Used for childbirth. 21) ______
Match the following systems and organs:
22) Arteries, veins, heart. A) Cardiovascular 22) ______
23) Trachea, bronchi, alveoli. B) Respiratory 23) ______
24) Adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary. A) Digestive 24) ______
25) Esophagus, large intestine, rectum. B) Urinary 25) ______
26) Kidneys, bladder, ureters. C) Endocrine 26) ______
Match the following cavities and organs:
27) Stomach. A) Thoracic 27) ______
28) Heart. B) Abdominal 28) ______
29) Uterus. C) Pelvic 29) ______
30) Brain. D) Cranial 30) ______
, 31) Lungs. 31) ______
Match the following regional terms and common terms:
32) Arm. A) Cephalic 32) ______
33) Buttock. B) Patellar 33) ______
34) Head. C) Brachial 34) ______
35) Knee (anterior aspect). D) Gluteal 35) ______
36) Chest. E) Thoracic 36) ______
Match the regional/directional terms and examples:
37) The bridge of the nose is ________ to A) Distal 37) ______
the left eye.
B)
38) The upper arm is ________ to the Lateral 38) ______
forearm.
C)
Medial
39) The lungs are ________ to the heart. D) 39) ______
Anterior
40) The fingers are ________ to the E) 40) ______
wrist.
Proximal
41) The stomach is ________ to the 41) ______
spine.
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
42) Positive feedback mechanisms tend to enhance the original stimulus so that the response is 42) ______
accelerated.
43) Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) imaging is most useful in discovering obstructed blood 43) ______
supplies in organs and tissues.
44) The elbow is proximal to the shoulder. 44) ______
45) The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral 45) ______
peritoneum.
46) A major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction. 46) ______
47) The right hypochondriac region contains the majority of the stomach. 47) ______
48) Lungs carry out an excretory function. 48) ______
49) Embryology concerns the structural changes that occur in an individual from conception 49) ______
through old age.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the
question.
Figure 1.1
Using Figure 1.1, match the following cavities:
1) Thoracic cavity. 1) _____________
2) Cranial cavity. 2) _____________
3) Abdominal cavity. 3) _____________
4) Vertebral cavity. 4) _____________
,Figure 1.2
Using Figure 1.2, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram:
5) Information about body temperature is sent through afferent pathways to the brain. 5) _____________
6) Free nerve endings in the skin detect changes in skin temperature (getting warmer). 6) _____________
7) Appropriate response information is sent through efferent pathways. 7) _____________
8) A change in the temperature of the external environment (getting warmer). 8) _____________
9) Sweat glands are stimulated as well as blood being distributed to the skin to allow 9) _____________
cooling of the body to return the body's temperature to a physiological level.
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following systems to their functions:
10) Provides the force to move bones A) Muscular 10) ______
about their joints.
11) Responds to environmental changes A) Nervous 11) ______
by transmitting appropriate
electrical impulses.
B)
Skeletal
12) Provides a ridged framework to C) 12) ______
support the body and stores
minerals.
Integumentary
13) Prevents water loss, entry of germs 13) ______
into the body and synthesizes
vitamin D.
,Match the following systems to their functions:
14) Controls the body with chemical A) Immune 14) ______
molecules called hormones.
B)
15) Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the Endocrine 15) ______
tissues.
C)
Lymphatic
16) A functional organ system which D) 16) ______
provides a means of protecting us
from foreign invaders.
Cardiovascular
17) Picks up and cleans excess fluid 17) ______
from tissues.
Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms:
18) Used for changes in blood glucose A) Negative feedback 18) ______
levels.
B)
19) Used for changes in blood pressure. Positive feedback 19) ______
20) Used for blood clotting. 20) ______
21) Used for childbirth. 21) ______
Match the following systems and organs:
22) Arteries, veins, heart. A) Cardiovascular 22) ______
23) Trachea, bronchi, alveoli. B) Respiratory 23) ______
24) Adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary. A) Digestive 24) ______
25) Esophagus, large intestine, rectum. B) Urinary 25) ______
26) Kidneys, bladder, ureters. C) Endocrine 26) ______
Match the following cavities and organs:
27) Stomach. A) Thoracic 27) ______
28) Heart. B) Abdominal 28) ______
29) Uterus. C) Pelvic 29) ______
30) Brain. D) Cranial 30) ______
, 31) Lungs. 31) ______
Match the following regional terms and common terms:
32) Arm. A) Cephalic 32) ______
33) Buttock. B) Patellar 33) ______
34) Head. C) Brachial 34) ______
35) Knee (anterior aspect). D) Gluteal 35) ______
36) Chest. E) Thoracic 36) ______
Match the regional/directional terms and examples:
37) The bridge of the nose is ________ to A) Distal 37) ______
the left eye.
B)
38) The upper arm is ________ to the Lateral 38) ______
forearm.
C)
Medial
39) The lungs are ________ to the heart. D) 39) ______
Anterior
40) The fingers are ________ to the E) 40) ______
wrist.
Proximal
41) The stomach is ________ to the 41) ______
spine.
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
42) Positive feedback mechanisms tend to enhance the original stimulus so that the response is 42) ______
accelerated.
43) Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) imaging is most useful in discovering obstructed blood 43) ______
supplies in organs and tissues.
44) The elbow is proximal to the shoulder. 44) ______
45) The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral 45) ______
peritoneum.
46) A major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction. 46) ______
47) The right hypochondriac region contains the majority of the stomach. 47) ______
48) Lungs carry out an excretory function. 48) ______
49) Embryology concerns the structural changes that occur in an individual from conception 49) ______
through old age.
