WGU D440 HESI Nutrition Exam Review 2026 | Verified
Q&A | Graded A+
1. A patient with renal disease is experiencing elevated potassium levels. Which
dietary change should be recommended?
Increase intake of potassium-rich foods to boost energy.
Reduce intake of high-potassium foods such as bananas and
oranges.
Eliminate all fruits and vegetables from the diet.
Increase protein intake to balance potassium levels.
2. Why is it important to check the pH of aspirated gastric contents from an NG
tube?
Checking the pH helps confirm the placement of the NG tube in the
stomach.
Checking the pH assesses the patient's hydration status.
Checking the pH indicates the presence of infection.
Checking the pH determines the nutritional value of the contents.
3. Which foods are commonly recognized as high in potassium?
Apples
Carrots
Bananas
Rice
4. Describe how Vitamin D contributes to bone health.
, Vitamin D helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels, which are
essential for maintaining healthy bones.
Vitamin D has no significant impact on bone health.
Vitamin D only affects muscle function, not bone health.
Vitamin D directly builds bone tissue without the need for calcium.
5. If a pre-diabetic child experiences low energy during soccer practice, what
dietary adjustment could be beneficial?
Reduce all carbohydrate intake before practice.
Increase sugary snacks before practice.
Increase complex carbohydrates before practice.
Skip meals before practice.
6. What type of diet is recommended for patient with hemorrhoids?
low fiber & lots of fluids
low fiber & little fluids
high fiber & high cholesterol
high fiber & lots of fluids
7. Describe how Vitamin A contributes to vision and why its deficiency can lead
to night vision blindness.
Vitamin A is essential for the production of rhodopsin, a pigment in
the retina that helps with low-light vision.
Vitamin A helps in the absorption of calcium, which is important for
eye health.
, Vitamin A plays a role in the immune response, affecting overall health
but not specifically vision.
Vitamin A is necessary for the synthesis of collagen, which supports
the structure of the eye.
8. The DASH diet is designed to help people ______________. It is effective because
in addition to decreasing the sodium content of foods eaten, it also includes
guidelines to _____ _.
reduce body weight ; add moderate amounts of salt to prepared
foods.
reduce blood pressure ; reduce the intake of dairy products.
reduce cholesterol levels ; increase intake of high-fat foods.
suffering from gluten sensitivity ; eliminate grain products from the
diet.
reduce blood pressure ; greatly increase intakes of fruits and
vegetables.
9. What is the route of administration for total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
intravenous
subcutaneous
oral
intramuscular
10. What does TPN stand for in the context of nutritional delivery methods?
Total Peripheral Nutrition
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Total Protein Nutrition
, Transitional Parenteral Nutrition
11. Which foods are primary sources of Vitamin B12?
Animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy.
Nuts and seeds.
Whole grains and legumes.
Fruits and vegetables.
12. If a patient with dysphagia is not meeting their nutritional needs, what dietary
intervention should be prioritized?
Providing only soft foods without considering texture.
Encouraging the patient to eat whole foods without modifications.
Switching to a completely liquid diet without modifications.
Implementing a texture-modified diet with high-calorie
supplements.
13. A patient on Warfarin has been advised to increase their intake of leafy
green vegetables. What potential issue could arise from this dietary change?
No significant change in Warfarin effectiveness.
Improved bone health due to increased Vitamin K.
Decreased effectiveness of Warfarin leading to excessive bleeding.
Increased risk of blood clotting due to higher Vitamin K intake.
14. A nurse is educating a patient with celiac disease about managing their
condition. Which dietary recommendation is most important to prevent the
inflammation and malabsorption associated with the disease?
Q&A | Graded A+
1. A patient with renal disease is experiencing elevated potassium levels. Which
dietary change should be recommended?
Increase intake of potassium-rich foods to boost energy.
Reduce intake of high-potassium foods such as bananas and
oranges.
Eliminate all fruits and vegetables from the diet.
Increase protein intake to balance potassium levels.
2. Why is it important to check the pH of aspirated gastric contents from an NG
tube?
Checking the pH helps confirm the placement of the NG tube in the
stomach.
Checking the pH assesses the patient's hydration status.
Checking the pH indicates the presence of infection.
Checking the pH determines the nutritional value of the contents.
3. Which foods are commonly recognized as high in potassium?
Apples
Carrots
Bananas
Rice
4. Describe how Vitamin D contributes to bone health.
, Vitamin D helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels, which are
essential for maintaining healthy bones.
Vitamin D has no significant impact on bone health.
Vitamin D only affects muscle function, not bone health.
Vitamin D directly builds bone tissue without the need for calcium.
5. If a pre-diabetic child experiences low energy during soccer practice, what
dietary adjustment could be beneficial?
Reduce all carbohydrate intake before practice.
Increase sugary snacks before practice.
Increase complex carbohydrates before practice.
Skip meals before practice.
6. What type of diet is recommended for patient with hemorrhoids?
low fiber & lots of fluids
low fiber & little fluids
high fiber & high cholesterol
high fiber & lots of fluids
7. Describe how Vitamin A contributes to vision and why its deficiency can lead
to night vision blindness.
Vitamin A is essential for the production of rhodopsin, a pigment in
the retina that helps with low-light vision.
Vitamin A helps in the absorption of calcium, which is important for
eye health.
, Vitamin A plays a role in the immune response, affecting overall health
but not specifically vision.
Vitamin A is necessary for the synthesis of collagen, which supports
the structure of the eye.
8. The DASH diet is designed to help people ______________. It is effective because
in addition to decreasing the sodium content of foods eaten, it also includes
guidelines to _____ _.
reduce body weight ; add moderate amounts of salt to prepared
foods.
reduce blood pressure ; reduce the intake of dairy products.
reduce cholesterol levels ; increase intake of high-fat foods.
suffering from gluten sensitivity ; eliminate grain products from the
diet.
reduce blood pressure ; greatly increase intakes of fruits and
vegetables.
9. What is the route of administration for total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
intravenous
subcutaneous
oral
intramuscular
10. What does TPN stand for in the context of nutritional delivery methods?
Total Peripheral Nutrition
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Total Protein Nutrition
, Transitional Parenteral Nutrition
11. Which foods are primary sources of Vitamin B12?
Animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy.
Nuts and seeds.
Whole grains and legumes.
Fruits and vegetables.
12. If a patient with dysphagia is not meeting their nutritional needs, what dietary
intervention should be prioritized?
Providing only soft foods without considering texture.
Encouraging the patient to eat whole foods without modifications.
Switching to a completely liquid diet without modifications.
Implementing a texture-modified diet with high-calorie
supplements.
13. A patient on Warfarin has been advised to increase their intake of leafy
green vegetables. What potential issue could arise from this dietary change?
No significant change in Warfarin effectiveness.
Improved bone health due to increased Vitamin K.
Decreased effectiveness of Warfarin leading to excessive bleeding.
Increased risk of blood clotting due to higher Vitamin K intake.
14. A nurse is educating a patient with celiac disease about managing their
condition. Which dietary recommendation is most important to prevent the
inflammation and malabsorption associated with the disease?
