BINGHAMTON UNIVERSITY BIO 311 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | CELL
BIOLOGY EXAM PREP & STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Langmuir Trough - ANS ✔✔-used an experiment w/ pressure and proposed that a cell
membrane could be a phospholipid bilayer (as opposed to monolayer)
-1917
Danielle and Davson - ANS ✔✔first formal model of a cell membrane
-1935
-protein-phospholipid-protein sandwich with a polar pore lined w/ proteins
what is the significance of the J.D. Robertson model? - ANS ✔✔-used TEM
-confirmed D/D model
-found OsO4 on the membrane
-suggested glycosylation
1960's/1970's 4 critical experiments...what were they? - ANS ✔✔1) Freeze fracture- Dan
Branton
2) Cell fusion
3) Cell patching/capping
4) FRAP
Freeze fracture by Dan Branton - ANS ✔✔-he was the 1st developer of FF
-they used a RBC and FFed it and found mosaic of bumps
-discovered transmembrane proteins
, fluid mosaic model - ANS ✔✔A model that describes the structure of cell membranes. In this
model, a flexible layer made of lipid molecules is interspersed with large protein molecules that
act as channels through which other molecules enter and leave the cell.
FRAP using con a - ANS ✔✔binds to carb groups
50% of proteins migrated
endoplasmic vs cytoplasmic - ANS ✔✔endo cytoplasmic
outside inside
glycosylated non glycosylated
RBC ghost - ANS ✔✔inside out rbc
why are RBC's the best cell type - ANS ✔✔plentiful
easy target
easy to seperate
membranes are simple
spectrin - ANS ✔✔rbc dimer
binds to glycophorin
cytoskeleton proteins that line the intercellular part of the cell membrane.
fibrous tetramers
ankyrin - ANS ✔✔binds to spectrin
asymetric distribution of phospholipids is apparent because? - ANS ✔✔outer and inner leaflets
(lipid bilayers)
BIOLOGY EXAM PREP & STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Langmuir Trough - ANS ✔✔-used an experiment w/ pressure and proposed that a cell
membrane could be a phospholipid bilayer (as opposed to monolayer)
-1917
Danielle and Davson - ANS ✔✔first formal model of a cell membrane
-1935
-protein-phospholipid-protein sandwich with a polar pore lined w/ proteins
what is the significance of the J.D. Robertson model? - ANS ✔✔-used TEM
-confirmed D/D model
-found OsO4 on the membrane
-suggested glycosylation
1960's/1970's 4 critical experiments...what were they? - ANS ✔✔1) Freeze fracture- Dan
Branton
2) Cell fusion
3) Cell patching/capping
4) FRAP
Freeze fracture by Dan Branton - ANS ✔✔-he was the 1st developer of FF
-they used a RBC and FFed it and found mosaic of bumps
-discovered transmembrane proteins
, fluid mosaic model - ANS ✔✔A model that describes the structure of cell membranes. In this
model, a flexible layer made of lipid molecules is interspersed with large protein molecules that
act as channels through which other molecules enter and leave the cell.
FRAP using con a - ANS ✔✔binds to carb groups
50% of proteins migrated
endoplasmic vs cytoplasmic - ANS ✔✔endo cytoplasmic
outside inside
glycosylated non glycosylated
RBC ghost - ANS ✔✔inside out rbc
why are RBC's the best cell type - ANS ✔✔plentiful
easy target
easy to seperate
membranes are simple
spectrin - ANS ✔✔rbc dimer
binds to glycophorin
cytoskeleton proteins that line the intercellular part of the cell membrane.
fibrous tetramers
ankyrin - ANS ✔✔binds to spectrin
asymetric distribution of phospholipids is apparent because? - ANS ✔✔outer and inner leaflets
(lipid bilayers)
