EDF 6225 EVALUATION 2026 EXAMS QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔mentalism relies on - ✔✔◦the premise of explanatory fiction (e.g. "knowledge")
- A fictitious variable that often is simply another name for the observed behavior that
contributes nothing to an understanding for the variables responsible for developing (or
maintaining) the behavior
Circular view of the cause & effect
✔✔structuralism - ✔✔◦Rejects all events that are not operationally defined by objective
assessment
◦Restrict activities to descriptions of behavior
◦Make no scientific manipulations; do not address causal questions
✔✔methodological behaviorism rejects - ✔✔all events that are not operationally defined
by objective assessment
- Deny existence of "inner variables" or consider them outside the realm of scientific
account
- Acknowledge the existence of mental events but do not consider them in the analysis
of behavior
◦Use scientific manipulations to search for functional relationships between events
, ◦Restrictive view since it ignores major areas of importance
✔✔3 assumptions of radical behaviorism - ✔✔◦Private events such as thoughts and
feelings are behavior
◦Behavior that takes place within the skin is distinguished from other ("public") behavior
only by its inaccessibility
◦Private behavior has no special properties & is influenced by (i.e. is a function of) the
same kinds of variables as publicly accessible behavior
✔✔radical behaviorism seeks to - ✔✔understand all human behavior
✔✔radical behaviorism is - ✔✔far-reaching and thoroughgoing
- ◦Dramatic departure from other conceptual systems
✔✔Fuller (1949) - ✔✔◦One of the first studies to report the human application of operant
behavior
◦Participant: 18-year-old boy with profound mental retardation
◦Arm-raising response was conditioned by injecting a small amount of a warm sugar-
milk solution into the participant's mouth every time he moved his right arm
✔✔Ayllon & Michael (1959) - ✔✔◦"The Psychiatric Nurse as a Behavioral Engineer"
◦Formed the basis for branch of behavior analysis that would later be called applied
behavior analysis (ABA)
◦Described techniques based on principles of behavior to improve the functioning of
chronic psychotic or mentally retarded residents
✔✔1960s - ✔✔◦Researchers began to apply principles of behavior in an effort to
improve socially important behavior
◦Techniques for measuring behavior & controlling & manipulating variables were
sometimes unavailable, or inappropriate
◦Little funding was available
◦No ready outlet for publishing studies
Difficult to communicate findings
✔✔application of behavioral principles to educational systems provided the foundation
for - ✔✔◦behavioral approaches to curriculum design
◦instructional methods
◦classroom management
◦generalization and maintenance of learning
✔✔1960s and 1970s - ✔✔◦Many new university programs were developed in applied
behavior analysis
◦Teaching & research conducted in these programs made major contributions to the
rapid growth of the field
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔mentalism relies on - ✔✔◦the premise of explanatory fiction (e.g. "knowledge")
- A fictitious variable that often is simply another name for the observed behavior that
contributes nothing to an understanding for the variables responsible for developing (or
maintaining) the behavior
Circular view of the cause & effect
✔✔structuralism - ✔✔◦Rejects all events that are not operationally defined by objective
assessment
◦Restrict activities to descriptions of behavior
◦Make no scientific manipulations; do not address causal questions
✔✔methodological behaviorism rejects - ✔✔all events that are not operationally defined
by objective assessment
- Deny existence of "inner variables" or consider them outside the realm of scientific
account
- Acknowledge the existence of mental events but do not consider them in the analysis
of behavior
◦Use scientific manipulations to search for functional relationships between events
, ◦Restrictive view since it ignores major areas of importance
✔✔3 assumptions of radical behaviorism - ✔✔◦Private events such as thoughts and
feelings are behavior
◦Behavior that takes place within the skin is distinguished from other ("public") behavior
only by its inaccessibility
◦Private behavior has no special properties & is influenced by (i.e. is a function of) the
same kinds of variables as publicly accessible behavior
✔✔radical behaviorism seeks to - ✔✔understand all human behavior
✔✔radical behaviorism is - ✔✔far-reaching and thoroughgoing
- ◦Dramatic departure from other conceptual systems
✔✔Fuller (1949) - ✔✔◦One of the first studies to report the human application of operant
behavior
◦Participant: 18-year-old boy with profound mental retardation
◦Arm-raising response was conditioned by injecting a small amount of a warm sugar-
milk solution into the participant's mouth every time he moved his right arm
✔✔Ayllon & Michael (1959) - ✔✔◦"The Psychiatric Nurse as a Behavioral Engineer"
◦Formed the basis for branch of behavior analysis that would later be called applied
behavior analysis (ABA)
◦Described techniques based on principles of behavior to improve the functioning of
chronic psychotic or mentally retarded residents
✔✔1960s - ✔✔◦Researchers began to apply principles of behavior in an effort to
improve socially important behavior
◦Techniques for measuring behavior & controlling & manipulating variables were
sometimes unavailable, or inappropriate
◦Little funding was available
◦No ready outlet for publishing studies
Difficult to communicate findings
✔✔application of behavioral principles to educational systems provided the foundation
for - ✔✔◦behavioral approaches to curriculum design
◦instructional methods
◦classroom management
◦generalization and maintenance of learning
✔✔1960s and 1970s - ✔✔◦Many new university programs were developed in applied
behavior analysis
◦Teaching & research conducted in these programs made major contributions to the
rapid growth of the field
