NUR 1211 MEDICAL SURGICAL FINAL
EXAM 2 | 400 Q&A | 2026-2027
A nurse is working with a patient who was diagnosed with HIV several months earlier. The nurse
should recognize that a patient with HIV is considered to have AIDS at the point when the CD4+ T-
lymphocyte cell count drops below what threshold?
A) 75 cells/mm3 of blood
B) 200 cells/mm3 of blood
C) 325 cells/mm3 of blood
D) 450 cells/mm3 of blood
Answer: B) 200 cells/mm3 of blood
Rationale: A diagnosis of AIDS is made when the CD4+ T-cell count drops below 200 cells/mm³,
indicating severe immunosuppression and a high risk for opportunistic infections .
Immune Response
A nurse is planning a patient's care and is relating it to normal immune response. During what stage
of the immune response should the nurse know that antibodies or cytotoxic T cells combine and
destroy the invading microbes?
A) Recognition stage
B) Proliferation stage
C) Response stage
D) Effector stage
,Answer: D) Effector stage
Rationale: During the effector stage, the immune system actively eliminates the invading microbe
A nurse is planning the assessment of a patient who is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an
autoimmune disorder. The nurse should be aware that the incidence and prevalence of autoimmune
diseases is known to be higher among what group?
A) Young adults
B) Native Americans
C) Women
D) Hispanics
Answer: C) Women
Rationale: Many autoimmune diseases have a higher incidence in females than in males, a
phenomenon believed to be correlated with sex hormones.
Middle-aged adults are part of an age group that is known to be interested in health and health
promotion, and the nurse is planning health promotion activities accordingly. To what suggestions do
members of this age group usually respond with enthusiasm? Select all that apply.
A) How lifestyle practices can improve health
B) How to eat healthier
C) How exercise can improve your life
D) Strategies for adhering to prescribed therapy
E) Exercise for the aging
,Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Young and middle-aged adults respond enthusiastically to suggestions that show how
lifestyle practices, including nutrition and exercise, can improve health. They may not respond
positively to teaching aimed at the aging. Adherence is not noted to be a desired focus in this age
group.
A nurse has been working with Mrs. Griffin, a 71-year-old patient whose poorly controlled type 1
diabetes has led to numerous health problems. Over the past several years Mrs. Griffin has had
several admissions to the hospital medical unit, and the nurse has often carried out health
promotion interventions. Who is ultimately responsible for maintaining and promoting Mrs. Griffin's
health?
A) The medical nurse
B) The community health nurse who has also worked with Mrs. Griffin
C) Mrs. Griffin's primary care provider
D) Mrs. Griffin
Answer: D) Mrs. Griffin
Rationale: American society places great importance on health and the responsibility that each of us
has to maintain and promote our own health.
The nurse is teaching a local community group about the importance of disease prevention. Why is
the nurse justified in emphasizing disease prevention as a component of health promotion?
A) Prevention is emphasized as the link between personal behavior and health.
B) Most Americans die of preventable causes.
, C) Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) now emphasize prevention as the main criterion of
health care.
D) External environment affects the outcome of most disease processes.
Answer: A) Prevention is emphasized as the link between personal behavior and health.
Rationale: Healthy People 2020 defines the current national health-promotion and disease-
prevention initiative for the nation.
The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a 51-year-old woman diagnosed with urinary retention
secondary to multiple sclerosis. The nurse will teach the patient to self-catheterize at home upon
discharge. What teaching method is most likely to be effective for this patient?
A) A list of clear instructions written at a sixth-grade level
B) A short video providing useful information and demonstrations
C) An audio-recorded version of discharge instructions that can be accessed at home
D) A discussion and demonstration between the nurse and the patient
Answer: D) A discussion and demonstration between the nurse and the patient
Rationale: Demonstration and practice are essential ingredients of a teaching program, especially
when teaching skills. It is best to demonstrate the skill and then give the learner ample opportunity
for practice.
You are the nurse planning to teach tracheostomy care to a patient who will be discharged home
following a spinal cord injury. When preparing your teaching, which of the following is the most
important component of your teaching plan?
A) Citing the evidence that underlies each of your teaching points
EXAM 2 | 400 Q&A | 2026-2027
A nurse is working with a patient who was diagnosed with HIV several months earlier. The nurse
should recognize that a patient with HIV is considered to have AIDS at the point when the CD4+ T-
lymphocyte cell count drops below what threshold?
A) 75 cells/mm3 of blood
B) 200 cells/mm3 of blood
C) 325 cells/mm3 of blood
D) 450 cells/mm3 of blood
Answer: B) 200 cells/mm3 of blood
Rationale: A diagnosis of AIDS is made when the CD4+ T-cell count drops below 200 cells/mm³,
indicating severe immunosuppression and a high risk for opportunistic infections .
Immune Response
A nurse is planning a patient's care and is relating it to normal immune response. During what stage
of the immune response should the nurse know that antibodies or cytotoxic T cells combine and
destroy the invading microbes?
A) Recognition stage
B) Proliferation stage
C) Response stage
D) Effector stage
,Answer: D) Effector stage
Rationale: During the effector stage, the immune system actively eliminates the invading microbe
A nurse is planning the assessment of a patient who is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an
autoimmune disorder. The nurse should be aware that the incidence and prevalence of autoimmune
diseases is known to be higher among what group?
A) Young adults
B) Native Americans
C) Women
D) Hispanics
Answer: C) Women
Rationale: Many autoimmune diseases have a higher incidence in females than in males, a
phenomenon believed to be correlated with sex hormones.
Middle-aged adults are part of an age group that is known to be interested in health and health
promotion, and the nurse is planning health promotion activities accordingly. To what suggestions do
members of this age group usually respond with enthusiasm? Select all that apply.
A) How lifestyle practices can improve health
B) How to eat healthier
C) How exercise can improve your life
D) Strategies for adhering to prescribed therapy
E) Exercise for the aging
,Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Young and middle-aged adults respond enthusiastically to suggestions that show how
lifestyle practices, including nutrition and exercise, can improve health. They may not respond
positively to teaching aimed at the aging. Adherence is not noted to be a desired focus in this age
group.
A nurse has been working with Mrs. Griffin, a 71-year-old patient whose poorly controlled type 1
diabetes has led to numerous health problems. Over the past several years Mrs. Griffin has had
several admissions to the hospital medical unit, and the nurse has often carried out health
promotion interventions. Who is ultimately responsible for maintaining and promoting Mrs. Griffin's
health?
A) The medical nurse
B) The community health nurse who has also worked with Mrs. Griffin
C) Mrs. Griffin's primary care provider
D) Mrs. Griffin
Answer: D) Mrs. Griffin
Rationale: American society places great importance on health and the responsibility that each of us
has to maintain and promote our own health.
The nurse is teaching a local community group about the importance of disease prevention. Why is
the nurse justified in emphasizing disease prevention as a component of health promotion?
A) Prevention is emphasized as the link between personal behavior and health.
B) Most Americans die of preventable causes.
, C) Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) now emphasize prevention as the main criterion of
health care.
D) External environment affects the outcome of most disease processes.
Answer: A) Prevention is emphasized as the link between personal behavior and health.
Rationale: Healthy People 2020 defines the current national health-promotion and disease-
prevention initiative for the nation.
The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a 51-year-old woman diagnosed with urinary retention
secondary to multiple sclerosis. The nurse will teach the patient to self-catheterize at home upon
discharge. What teaching method is most likely to be effective for this patient?
A) A list of clear instructions written at a sixth-grade level
B) A short video providing useful information and demonstrations
C) An audio-recorded version of discharge instructions that can be accessed at home
D) A discussion and demonstration between the nurse and the patient
Answer: D) A discussion and demonstration between the nurse and the patient
Rationale: Demonstration and practice are essential ingredients of a teaching program, especially
when teaching skills. It is best to demonstrate the skill and then give the learner ample opportunity
for practice.
You are the nurse planning to teach tracheostomy care to a patient who will be discharged home
following a spinal cord injury. When preparing your teaching, which of the following is the most
important component of your teaching plan?
A) Citing the evidence that underlies each of your teaching points
