PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE
●● Adhesion
Answer: A sticking together of substances; the molecular attraction
exerted between the surfaces of bodies in contact.
●● Adenine
Answer: A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such
as ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base.
●● Agarose
Answer: A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used as the
supporting medium in gel electrophoresis.
●● Allele
Answer: Alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable
phenotypic effects.
●● Alpha-globin
,Answer: The poly-peptide chain of hemoglobin that is designated as
alpha.
●● Amino Acid
Answer: An organic molecule possessing both the carboxyl and amino
acid groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.
●● Amino Group
Answer: A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to
two hydrogen atoms.
●● Amplification
Answer: A usually massive replication of genetic material and especially
of a gene or DNA sequence.
●● Angiography
Answer: The radiographic visualization of the blood vessels after
injection of a radiopaque substance in the form of an angiogram.
●● Amylase
Answer: Any of a group of enzymes (as amylopsin) that catalyze the
hydrolysis of starch and glycogen or their intermediate hydrolysis
products.
,●● Anemia
Answer: A condition in which the blood is deficient of red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, or in total volume.
●● Antibiotic
Answer: Substance produced by or a semi-synthetic substance derived
from a microorganism and able in dilute solution to inhibit or kill
another microorganism.
●● Antibiotic Resistance
Answer: Resistance to one or more antibiotics, usually due to additional
genetic information.
●● Antibody
Answer: Any of a large number of proteins of high molecular weight
that are produced by specialized B cells after stimulation by an antigen
and act specifically against the antigen in an immune response, that are
produced abnormally by some cancer cells, and that typically consist of
four subunits including two heavy chains and two light chains
●● Antigen
Answer: Any substance foreign to the body that invokes an immune
response either alone or after forming a complex with a larger molecule
(as a protein) and that is capable of binding with a product (an antibody
or a T cell) of the immune response.
, ●● Antiseptic
Answer: A substance that inhibits the growth or action of
microorganisms especially in or on living tissue.
●● Antiviral drugs
Answer: Drugs that act, are effective, or are directed against viruses.
●● Aorta
Answer: The large arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be
distributed by branch arteries through the body.
●● Aortic Valve
Answer: The semilunar valve that prevents blood from flowing
backward into the left ventricle.
●● Arrhythmia
Answer: An alteration in rhythm of the heartbeat either in time or force.
●● Artery
Answer: Any of the tubular branching muscular and elastic walled
vessels that carry blood through the body.
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE
●● Adhesion
Answer: A sticking together of substances; the molecular attraction
exerted between the surfaces of bodies in contact.
●● Adenine
Answer: A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such
as ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base.
●● Agarose
Answer: A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used as the
supporting medium in gel electrophoresis.
●● Allele
Answer: Alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable
phenotypic effects.
●● Alpha-globin
,Answer: The poly-peptide chain of hemoglobin that is designated as
alpha.
●● Amino Acid
Answer: An organic molecule possessing both the carboxyl and amino
acid groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.
●● Amino Group
Answer: A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to
two hydrogen atoms.
●● Amplification
Answer: A usually massive replication of genetic material and especially
of a gene or DNA sequence.
●● Angiography
Answer: The radiographic visualization of the blood vessels after
injection of a radiopaque substance in the form of an angiogram.
●● Amylase
Answer: Any of a group of enzymes (as amylopsin) that catalyze the
hydrolysis of starch and glycogen or their intermediate hydrolysis
products.
,●● Anemia
Answer: A condition in which the blood is deficient of red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, or in total volume.
●● Antibiotic
Answer: Substance produced by or a semi-synthetic substance derived
from a microorganism and able in dilute solution to inhibit or kill
another microorganism.
●● Antibiotic Resistance
Answer: Resistance to one or more antibiotics, usually due to additional
genetic information.
●● Antibody
Answer: Any of a large number of proteins of high molecular weight
that are produced by specialized B cells after stimulation by an antigen
and act specifically against the antigen in an immune response, that are
produced abnormally by some cancer cells, and that typically consist of
four subunits including two heavy chains and two light chains
●● Antigen
Answer: Any substance foreign to the body that invokes an immune
response either alone or after forming a complex with a larger molecule
(as a protein) and that is capable of binding with a product (an antibody
or a T cell) of the immune response.
, ●● Antiseptic
Answer: A substance that inhibits the growth or action of
microorganisms especially in or on living tissue.
●● Antiviral drugs
Answer: Drugs that act, are effective, or are directed against viruses.
●● Aorta
Answer: The large arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be
distributed by branch arteries through the body.
●● Aortic Valve
Answer: The semilunar valve that prevents blood from flowing
backward into the left ventricle.
●● Arrhythmia
Answer: An alteration in rhythm of the heartbeat either in time or force.
●● Artery
Answer: Any of the tubular branching muscular and elastic walled
vessels that carry blood through the body.
