EFMB EXAMINERS 2026 SET QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔T/F: Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions apply to all
patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed infectious status. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔The World Health Organization's "five moments of hand hygiene" include: - ✔✔1.
use of soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizer before patient contact;
2. before aseptic tasks;
3. after body fluid exposure risk;
4. after patient contact; and
5. after contact with patient surroundings, even if gloves were worn.
✔✔What are Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions? -
✔✔- hand washing
- gloves
- gowns
- masks
- goggles or face shields
✔✔T/F: When implementing infection prevention measures in a combat zone, cohorting
is the process of clustering host nation patients (who are not eligible to evacuate from
theater) and U.S. and coalition patients (who are eligible for evacuation from theater)
and separate when possible to reduce the risk of cross-contamination with multi-drug
resistant organisms. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔____ and _____ should be worn with all patients suspected or known to have multi-
drug resistant organism colonization or infection with C. difficile- infection
(CDI). - ✔✔Gloves and gowns
,✔✔Daily ______ of ICU patients has shown a reduction of infections with vancomycin-
resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). -
✔✔bathing
✔✔T/F: Antimicrobial drug usage has no impact on the development of
multidrugresistant organisms. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔T/F: All facilities should avoid unnecessary empiric use of broad spectrum
antibiotics. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔T/F: Prolonged duration of prophylaxis has been shown to decrease long term rates
of infections in patients with combat-related open fractures. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Blast injuries, especially those related to ______ , present a unique bloodborne
pathogen risk if an impaled body part is introduced into the trauma patient. - ✔✔suicide
bomber attacks
✔✔T/F: The risk of transmission for human immunodeficiency virus is considered very
high after blast injury and generally warrants immediate action regardless of the region
of operation. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔For a patient that sustained injuries from a suicide bomber, testing for Hepatitis B
virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) should be obtained ______ and
up to six months post-exposure. - ✔✔at time of exposure
✔✔Which role of care should have a designated Infection Prevention and Control
Officer? - ✔✔Role 2 and 3
✔✔All facilities responsible for trauma care should monitor adherence to _____ as listed
in the Joint Trauma System guidelines for infection prevention after combat-related
injuries and present rates to providers regularly. - ✔✔antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens
✔✔T/F: All facilities responsible for trauma care should monitor adherence to
antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens as listed in the JTS guidelines for infection
prevention after combat-related injuries and present rates to providers regularly. -
✔✔TRUE
✔✔Treatment for chlorine inhalation includes: - ✔✔- primarily skin decontamination
- supplemental oxygen as necessary
- beta agonists
- ARDS ventilatory techniques
✔✔What substances are highly water soluble irritant? - ✔✔- acrolein
, - sulfur dioxide
- hydrogen chloride
- ammonia
✔✔Which chemical irritant has a sweet, pleasant smell of mown hay? - ✔✔Phosgene
(Carbonyl chloride, COCl2)
✔✔Which chemical irritant may produce a severe cough with laryngospasm when
exposed to high concentrations? - ✔✔PHOSGENE
✔✔Which chemical irritant smells like rotten eggs? - ✔✔HYDROGEN SULFIDE
✔✔Which chemical irritant produces a "knockdown" effect, a sudden loss of
consciousness, when exposed to high concentrations? - ✔✔HYDROGEN SULFIDE
✔✔Which chemical irritant forms a strong base which can cause mucosal irritation,
severe upper airway irritation, and alkali skin burns when reacting with water? -
✔✔CHLORINE
✔✔The triad of severe cyanide toxicity consists of: - ✔✔- hypotension
- altered mental status
- lactic acidosis
✔✔Which of the following is the most commonly available antidote for cyanide
poisoning? - ✔✔Hydroxocobalamin
✔✔T/F: High index of suspicion must be present when treating patients exposed to
carbon monoxide as elevated CO may be present despite normal PaO2 and SpO2
readings. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔Deglycerolized Red Blood Cells are derived from __ ml of whole blood collected in
Citrate/Phosphate/Dextrose or Citrate/Phosphate/Dextrose/Adenine collection bags. -
✔✔450-500
✔✔Red Blood Cells are stored for up to 6 days at 1 - 6 °C before being frozen in a
cryoprotectant (40% w/v glycerol), and stored in the frozen state at minus 65 °C or
colder for up to __ _. - ✔✔10 years.
✔✔T/F: Each unit of deglycerolized red blood cells (DRBCs) should be considered
equivalent to a fresh unit of RBCs since they are frozen within 6 days of collection and
have a 14-day shelf-life upon deglycerolization. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔What are the clinical indications for use of each unit of deglycerolized red blood cells
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔T/F: Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions apply to all
patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed infectious status. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔The World Health Organization's "five moments of hand hygiene" include: - ✔✔1.
use of soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizer before patient contact;
2. before aseptic tasks;
3. after body fluid exposure risk;
4. after patient contact; and
5. after contact with patient surroundings, even if gloves were worn.
✔✔What are Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions? -
✔✔- hand washing
- gloves
- gowns
- masks
- goggles or face shields
✔✔T/F: When implementing infection prevention measures in a combat zone, cohorting
is the process of clustering host nation patients (who are not eligible to evacuate from
theater) and U.S. and coalition patients (who are eligible for evacuation from theater)
and separate when possible to reduce the risk of cross-contamination with multi-drug
resistant organisms. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔____ and _____ should be worn with all patients suspected or known to have multi-
drug resistant organism colonization or infection with C. difficile- infection
(CDI). - ✔✔Gloves and gowns
,✔✔Daily ______ of ICU patients has shown a reduction of infections with vancomycin-
resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). -
✔✔bathing
✔✔T/F: Antimicrobial drug usage has no impact on the development of
multidrugresistant organisms. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔T/F: All facilities should avoid unnecessary empiric use of broad spectrum
antibiotics. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔T/F: Prolonged duration of prophylaxis has been shown to decrease long term rates
of infections in patients with combat-related open fractures. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Blast injuries, especially those related to ______ , present a unique bloodborne
pathogen risk if an impaled body part is introduced into the trauma patient. - ✔✔suicide
bomber attacks
✔✔T/F: The risk of transmission for human immunodeficiency virus is considered very
high after blast injury and generally warrants immediate action regardless of the region
of operation. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔For a patient that sustained injuries from a suicide bomber, testing for Hepatitis B
virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) should be obtained ______ and
up to six months post-exposure. - ✔✔at time of exposure
✔✔Which role of care should have a designated Infection Prevention and Control
Officer? - ✔✔Role 2 and 3
✔✔All facilities responsible for trauma care should monitor adherence to _____ as listed
in the Joint Trauma System guidelines for infection prevention after combat-related
injuries and present rates to providers regularly. - ✔✔antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens
✔✔T/F: All facilities responsible for trauma care should monitor adherence to
antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens as listed in the JTS guidelines for infection
prevention after combat-related injuries and present rates to providers regularly. -
✔✔TRUE
✔✔Treatment for chlorine inhalation includes: - ✔✔- primarily skin decontamination
- supplemental oxygen as necessary
- beta agonists
- ARDS ventilatory techniques
✔✔What substances are highly water soluble irritant? - ✔✔- acrolein
, - sulfur dioxide
- hydrogen chloride
- ammonia
✔✔Which chemical irritant has a sweet, pleasant smell of mown hay? - ✔✔Phosgene
(Carbonyl chloride, COCl2)
✔✔Which chemical irritant may produce a severe cough with laryngospasm when
exposed to high concentrations? - ✔✔PHOSGENE
✔✔Which chemical irritant smells like rotten eggs? - ✔✔HYDROGEN SULFIDE
✔✔Which chemical irritant produces a "knockdown" effect, a sudden loss of
consciousness, when exposed to high concentrations? - ✔✔HYDROGEN SULFIDE
✔✔Which chemical irritant forms a strong base which can cause mucosal irritation,
severe upper airway irritation, and alkali skin burns when reacting with water? -
✔✔CHLORINE
✔✔The triad of severe cyanide toxicity consists of: - ✔✔- hypotension
- altered mental status
- lactic acidosis
✔✔Which of the following is the most commonly available antidote for cyanide
poisoning? - ✔✔Hydroxocobalamin
✔✔T/F: High index of suspicion must be present when treating patients exposed to
carbon monoxide as elevated CO may be present despite normal PaO2 and SpO2
readings. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔Deglycerolized Red Blood Cells are derived from __ ml of whole blood collected in
Citrate/Phosphate/Dextrose or Citrate/Phosphate/Dextrose/Adenine collection bags. -
✔✔450-500
✔✔Red Blood Cells are stored for up to 6 days at 1 - 6 °C before being frozen in a
cryoprotectant (40% w/v glycerol), and stored in the frozen state at minus 65 °C or
colder for up to __ _. - ✔✔10 years.
✔✔T/F: Each unit of deglycerolized red blood cells (DRBCs) should be considered
equivalent to a fresh unit of RBCs since they are frozen within 6 days of collection and
have a 14-day shelf-life upon deglycerolization. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔What are the clinical indications for use of each unit of deglycerolized red blood cells
