12-Lead ECG Interpretation exam
Questions and Answers Verified
Solutions Latest Update (2026/2027)
Question:
A standard 12 lead EKG can help with?
Answer:
•Identification of ST-segment and T wave
changes associated with myocardial ischemia, injury and infarction
•Recognition of arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities such as bundle
branch blocks
•Identification of ECG changes associated with certain medications and
electrolyte imbalances
Question:
What are the Indications to get a 12-Lead ECG
Answer:
•Dysrhythmia interpretation
•Chest pain or discomfort (feeling of impending doom)
•Right and/or left ventricular failure
•Status before and after electrical therapy (defibrillation, cardioversion,
pacing)
•Syncope, near syncope or unconscious patient
•Electrical injuries
•Stroke
•Known or suspected medication overdoses
•Known or suspected electrolyte imbalances
,•Shortness of breath
•Unexplained diaphoresis
•Suspected drug overdose
•Palpitations
•Heart rate less than 50 or greater than 150
Question:
What are the components of the 12 lead EKG?
Answer:
•6 limb leads
•6 chest leads
•2 different planes:
-Frontal (coronal)
-Horizontal (transverse)
-12 leads are obtained from 10 electrodes
Question:
Who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924 for inventing the
string galvanometer
which was the first ECG?
Answer:
Dr. Einthoven
Question:
What are the Standard Limb Leads?
Answer:
,•Lead I
-Lateral surface of the left ventricle
•Leads II and III
-Inferior surface of the left ventricle
•Bipolar leads
-Distinct negative pole
Question:
-Distinct positive pole
limb lead placement on body
Answer:
•Right Leg
-Anywhere above the ankle and below the torso
•Right Arm
-Anywhere between the shoulder and the elbow
•Left Leg
-Anywhere above the ankle and below the torso
•Left Arm
-Anywhere between the shoulder and the elbow
Question:
What should you think about wave progression with the EKG?
Answer:
As you move from
a negative lead to a positive lead you will see a positive deflection (Above the
isometric line)
if you have movement from a positive to negative you will have a downward
deflection (Below
the isometric line)
, Question:
Bipolar Leads
Answer:
•1 positive and 1 negative electrode
-RA always negative
-LL always positive
•Traditional limb leads are examples of these
Question:
-Lead I
-Lead II
-Lead III
•View from a frontal or coronal plane
What are the augmented limb leads?
Answer:
aVR, aVL, and aVF
•Unipolar leads
- 1 electrode (positive electrode) on the body surface
"a" indicates augmented "V" refers to vector
"R" refers to right arm
"L" to left arm "F" to foot
Question:
What is the Triaxial Reference?
Answer:
Questions and Answers Verified
Solutions Latest Update (2026/2027)
Question:
A standard 12 lead EKG can help with?
Answer:
•Identification of ST-segment and T wave
changes associated with myocardial ischemia, injury and infarction
•Recognition of arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities such as bundle
branch blocks
•Identification of ECG changes associated with certain medications and
electrolyte imbalances
Question:
What are the Indications to get a 12-Lead ECG
Answer:
•Dysrhythmia interpretation
•Chest pain or discomfort (feeling of impending doom)
•Right and/or left ventricular failure
•Status before and after electrical therapy (defibrillation, cardioversion,
pacing)
•Syncope, near syncope or unconscious patient
•Electrical injuries
•Stroke
•Known or suspected medication overdoses
•Known or suspected electrolyte imbalances
,•Shortness of breath
•Unexplained diaphoresis
•Suspected drug overdose
•Palpitations
•Heart rate less than 50 or greater than 150
Question:
What are the components of the 12 lead EKG?
Answer:
•6 limb leads
•6 chest leads
•2 different planes:
-Frontal (coronal)
-Horizontal (transverse)
-12 leads are obtained from 10 electrodes
Question:
Who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924 for inventing the
string galvanometer
which was the first ECG?
Answer:
Dr. Einthoven
Question:
What are the Standard Limb Leads?
Answer:
,•Lead I
-Lateral surface of the left ventricle
•Leads II and III
-Inferior surface of the left ventricle
•Bipolar leads
-Distinct negative pole
Question:
-Distinct positive pole
limb lead placement on body
Answer:
•Right Leg
-Anywhere above the ankle and below the torso
•Right Arm
-Anywhere between the shoulder and the elbow
•Left Leg
-Anywhere above the ankle and below the torso
•Left Arm
-Anywhere between the shoulder and the elbow
Question:
What should you think about wave progression with the EKG?
Answer:
As you move from
a negative lead to a positive lead you will see a positive deflection (Above the
isometric line)
if you have movement from a positive to negative you will have a downward
deflection (Below
the isometric line)
, Question:
Bipolar Leads
Answer:
•1 positive and 1 negative electrode
-RA always negative
-LL always positive
•Traditional limb leads are examples of these
Question:
-Lead I
-Lead II
-Lead III
•View from a frontal or coronal plane
What are the augmented limb leads?
Answer:
aVR, aVL, and aVF
•Unipolar leads
- 1 electrode (positive electrode) on the body surface
"a" indicates augmented "V" refers to vector
"R" refers to right arm
"L" to left arm "F" to foot
Question:
What is the Triaxial Reference?
Answer:
