UGBA 104 EXAMS SCRIPT LATEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔median - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of central location provided by the value in the middle when the data are
arranged in ascending order.
✔✔frequency distribution - ✔✔Definition:
A tabular summary of data showing the number (frequency) of data values in each of
several nonoverlapping bins.
✔✔variance - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of variability based on the squared deviations of the data values about the
mean.
✔✔Data - ✔✔Definition:
The facts and figures collected, analyzed, and summarized for presentation and
interpretation.
✔✔interquartile range - ✔✔Definition:
The difference between the third and first quartiles.
✔✔sample - ✔✔Definition:
A subset of the population.
✔✔outliers - ✔✔Definition:
An unusually large or unusually small data value.
✔✔population - ✔✔Definition:
The set of all elements of interest in a particular study.
✔✔box plot - ✔✔Definition:
A graphical summary of data based on the quartiles of a distribution.
, ✔✔geometric mean - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of central location that is calculated by finding the nth root of the product of n
values.
✔✔categorical data - ✔✔Definition:
Data for which categories of like items are identified by labels or names. Arithmetic
operations cannot be performed on categorical data.
✔✔Covariance - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of linear association between two variables. Positive values indicate a
positive relationship; negative values indicate a negative relationship.
✔✔mode - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of central location, defined as the value that occurs with greatest frequency.
✔✔Time series data - ✔✔Definition:
Data that are collected over a period of time (minutes, hours, days, months, years, etc.).
✔✔Cross-sectional data - ✔✔Definition:
Data collected at the same or approximately the same point in time.
✔✔range - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of variability, defined to be the largest value minus the smallest value.
✔✔quartiles - ✔✔Definition:
The 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles, referred to as the first quartile, second quartile
(median), and third quartile, respectively. The quartiles can be used to divide a data set
into four parts, with each part containing approximately 25% of the data.
✔✔z-score - ✔✔Definition:
A value computed by dividing the deviation about the mean (xi-x) by the standard
deviation s. A z-score is referred to as a standardized value and denotes the number of
standard deviations that xi is from the mean.
✔✔correlation coefficient - ✔✔Definition:
A standardized measure of linear association between two variables that takes on
values between −1 and +1. Values near −1 indicate a strong negative linear
relationship, values near +1 indicate a strong positive linear relationship, and values
near zero indicate the lack of a linear relationship.
✔✔histogram - ✔✔Definition:
A graphical presentation of a frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, or
percent frequency distribution of quantitative data constructed by placing the bin
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔median - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of central location provided by the value in the middle when the data are
arranged in ascending order.
✔✔frequency distribution - ✔✔Definition:
A tabular summary of data showing the number (frequency) of data values in each of
several nonoverlapping bins.
✔✔variance - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of variability based on the squared deviations of the data values about the
mean.
✔✔Data - ✔✔Definition:
The facts and figures collected, analyzed, and summarized for presentation and
interpretation.
✔✔interquartile range - ✔✔Definition:
The difference between the third and first quartiles.
✔✔sample - ✔✔Definition:
A subset of the population.
✔✔outliers - ✔✔Definition:
An unusually large or unusually small data value.
✔✔population - ✔✔Definition:
The set of all elements of interest in a particular study.
✔✔box plot - ✔✔Definition:
A graphical summary of data based on the quartiles of a distribution.
, ✔✔geometric mean - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of central location that is calculated by finding the nth root of the product of n
values.
✔✔categorical data - ✔✔Definition:
Data for which categories of like items are identified by labels or names. Arithmetic
operations cannot be performed on categorical data.
✔✔Covariance - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of linear association between two variables. Positive values indicate a
positive relationship; negative values indicate a negative relationship.
✔✔mode - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of central location, defined as the value that occurs with greatest frequency.
✔✔Time series data - ✔✔Definition:
Data that are collected over a period of time (minutes, hours, days, months, years, etc.).
✔✔Cross-sectional data - ✔✔Definition:
Data collected at the same or approximately the same point in time.
✔✔range - ✔✔Definition:
A measure of variability, defined to be the largest value minus the smallest value.
✔✔quartiles - ✔✔Definition:
The 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles, referred to as the first quartile, second quartile
(median), and third quartile, respectively. The quartiles can be used to divide a data set
into four parts, with each part containing approximately 25% of the data.
✔✔z-score - ✔✔Definition:
A value computed by dividing the deviation about the mean (xi-x) by the standard
deviation s. A z-score is referred to as a standardized value and denotes the number of
standard deviations that xi is from the mean.
✔✔correlation coefficient - ✔✔Definition:
A standardized measure of linear association between two variables that takes on
values between −1 and +1. Values near −1 indicate a strong negative linear
relationship, values near +1 indicate a strong positive linear relationship, and values
near zero indicate the lack of a linear relationship.
✔✔histogram - ✔✔Definition:
A graphical presentation of a frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, or
percent frequency distribution of quantitative data constructed by placing the bin
