NSG 6020 MIDTERM EXAM CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Bronchophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "99"
-should be muffled and indistinct
-CLEAR sounds are called bronchophony
✔✔Egophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "ee"
-you should hear a muffled long ee sound
-"ee" sounds like "ay" it is positive and called egophony
-present over consolidation
✔✔whispered pectoriloquy - ✔✔ask pt to say "99 or 1-2-3"
-whispered voice is normally faint and indistinct
-louder, clearer sounds are called whispered pectriloquy- heard over consolidation
✔✔Pleural effusion
-fremitus, percussion, whispered pectoriloquy, breath sounds - ✔✔frem= decreased
perc=dull
whis pect= decreased
breath sounds= decreased
✔✔Consolidation or PNA
-frem, perc, whisp pect, breath sounds - ✔✔frem=increased
prec= dull
whispered pect= increased
breath sounds=decreased
✔✔emphysema
-frem, perc, whisp pect, breath sounds - ✔✔frem=decreased
perc=hyperresonant
whisp pect= decreased
breath sounds= crackles
, ✔✔pneumothorax
-frem, perc, whisp pect, breath sounds - ✔✔frem= decreased
perc= hyper-resonant
whisp pect= decreased
breath sounds= decreased
✔✔PNA:
breath sounds, bronchophony, egophany, whisp pect - ✔✔breath sounds bronchial or
bronchovesicular over involved area
positive bronchophony: spoken words louder, clearer
-pos egophony: Ee heard as ay
-pos whisp pectroiloquy: whisp words louder and clearer
-increased tactile fremitus
✔✔CAP - ✔✔Cxray often lags behind clinical presentation
✔✔Tobacco cessation- 5 A's - ✔✔-ASK about smoking at each visit
-ADVISE patients regularly to stop smoking using a clear, personalized message
-ASSESS patient readiness to quit
-ASSIST patients to set stop dates and provide educational materials for self-help
-ARRANGE for follow-up visits to monitor and support patient progress
✔✔preload - ✔✔volume of blood returning to the heart
✔✔contractility - ✔✔ability of ventricles to contract during systole
✔✔afterload - ✔✔vascular resistance against contraction
✔✔cardiac output - ✔✔SV x HR
✔✔BP - ✔✔CO x SVR
✔✔Ventricular systole - ✔✔ventricles contract
-mitral and tricuspid valves close producing S1
-right ventricle pumps blood into PA (pulmonic valve is OPEN)
-left vent pumps blood into aorta (aortic valve is OPEN)
V systole=S1
V diastole = S2
✔✔Ventricular diastole - ✔✔ventricles relax
-aortic and pulmonic valves close producing s2
-Tricuspid valve OPEN- blood flows from RA to RV
-Mitral valve OPEN- blood flows from LA to LV
AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Bronchophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "99"
-should be muffled and indistinct
-CLEAR sounds are called bronchophony
✔✔Egophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "ee"
-you should hear a muffled long ee sound
-"ee" sounds like "ay" it is positive and called egophony
-present over consolidation
✔✔whispered pectoriloquy - ✔✔ask pt to say "99 or 1-2-3"
-whispered voice is normally faint and indistinct
-louder, clearer sounds are called whispered pectriloquy- heard over consolidation
✔✔Pleural effusion
-fremitus, percussion, whispered pectoriloquy, breath sounds - ✔✔frem= decreased
perc=dull
whis pect= decreased
breath sounds= decreased
✔✔Consolidation or PNA
-frem, perc, whisp pect, breath sounds - ✔✔frem=increased
prec= dull
whispered pect= increased
breath sounds=decreased
✔✔emphysema
-frem, perc, whisp pect, breath sounds - ✔✔frem=decreased
perc=hyperresonant
whisp pect= decreased
breath sounds= crackles
, ✔✔pneumothorax
-frem, perc, whisp pect, breath sounds - ✔✔frem= decreased
perc= hyper-resonant
whisp pect= decreased
breath sounds= decreased
✔✔PNA:
breath sounds, bronchophony, egophany, whisp pect - ✔✔breath sounds bronchial or
bronchovesicular over involved area
positive bronchophony: spoken words louder, clearer
-pos egophony: Ee heard as ay
-pos whisp pectroiloquy: whisp words louder and clearer
-increased tactile fremitus
✔✔CAP - ✔✔Cxray often lags behind clinical presentation
✔✔Tobacco cessation- 5 A's - ✔✔-ASK about smoking at each visit
-ADVISE patients regularly to stop smoking using a clear, personalized message
-ASSESS patient readiness to quit
-ASSIST patients to set stop dates and provide educational materials for self-help
-ARRANGE for follow-up visits to monitor and support patient progress
✔✔preload - ✔✔volume of blood returning to the heart
✔✔contractility - ✔✔ability of ventricles to contract during systole
✔✔afterload - ✔✔vascular resistance against contraction
✔✔cardiac output - ✔✔SV x HR
✔✔BP - ✔✔CO x SVR
✔✔Ventricular systole - ✔✔ventricles contract
-mitral and tricuspid valves close producing S1
-right ventricle pumps blood into PA (pulmonic valve is OPEN)
-left vent pumps blood into aorta (aortic valve is OPEN)
V systole=S1
V diastole = S2
✔✔Ventricular diastole - ✔✔ventricles relax
-aortic and pulmonic valves close producing s2
-Tricuspid valve OPEN- blood flows from RA to RV
-Mitral valve OPEN- blood flows from LA to LV
