Neonatal Hematology & Embryology: Blood
Disorders & Malignancies Questions with
100% Correct Answers
When does circulation begin in embryonic development?
Day 22
What are the primary sites of erythropoiesis during weeks 6-16 of gestation?
Liver, thymus, and spleen
What is the primary site of hematopoiesis after 22 weeks of gestation?
Bone marrow
What type of cells are pluripotent stem cells capable of developing into?
All blood cell lines
What does a left shift in hematopoiesis indicate?
Increased production of immature white blood cells due to infection or inflammation
What are the major blood-forming organs in the body?
Red bone marrow and lymphatic system
What are the two main components of blood?
Plasma and formed elements
What is the composition of plasma?
90% water and 10% albumin, electrolytes, proteins, clotting factors, globulins, circulating
antibodies, and fibrinogen
, What is the lifespan of adult hemoglobin (HgbA)?
120 days
What is the primary function of erythropoietin?
To stimulate the production of red blood cells
What is the composition of fetal hemoglobin (HgbF)?
2 alpha and 2 gamma chains
What happens to the production of erythrocytes after birth?
Extrarenal erythrocyte production stops as oxygen saturation increases
What is the lifespan of fetal hemoglobin (HgbF)?
60-80 days
What is the role of macrophages in the life cycle of red blood cells?
To phagocytize ruptured red blood cells and break down hemoglobin
What are the primary functions of neutrophils?
Phagocytosis and response to acute inflammation
What regulates the production of platelets?
Thrombopoietin (TPO)
What is the process of thrombopoiesis?
Fragmentation of megakaryocytes into anucleated platelets
What initiates primary hemostasis?
Vasoconstriction and platelet plug formation at the site of vessel injury
Disorders & Malignancies Questions with
100% Correct Answers
When does circulation begin in embryonic development?
Day 22
What are the primary sites of erythropoiesis during weeks 6-16 of gestation?
Liver, thymus, and spleen
What is the primary site of hematopoiesis after 22 weeks of gestation?
Bone marrow
What type of cells are pluripotent stem cells capable of developing into?
All blood cell lines
What does a left shift in hematopoiesis indicate?
Increased production of immature white blood cells due to infection or inflammation
What are the major blood-forming organs in the body?
Red bone marrow and lymphatic system
What are the two main components of blood?
Plasma and formed elements
What is the composition of plasma?
90% water and 10% albumin, electrolytes, proteins, clotting factors, globulins, circulating
antibodies, and fibrinogen
, What is the lifespan of adult hemoglobin (HgbA)?
120 days
What is the primary function of erythropoietin?
To stimulate the production of red blood cells
What is the composition of fetal hemoglobin (HgbF)?
2 alpha and 2 gamma chains
What happens to the production of erythrocytes after birth?
Extrarenal erythrocyte production stops as oxygen saturation increases
What is the lifespan of fetal hemoglobin (HgbF)?
60-80 days
What is the role of macrophages in the life cycle of red blood cells?
To phagocytize ruptured red blood cells and break down hemoglobin
What are the primary functions of neutrophils?
Phagocytosis and response to acute inflammation
What regulates the production of platelets?
Thrombopoietin (TPO)
What is the process of thrombopoiesis?
Fragmentation of megakaryocytes into anucleated platelets
What initiates primary hemostasis?
Vasoconstriction and platelet plug formation at the site of vessel injury
