Pediatric Nursing: Neonatal, Cardiology,
Respiratory, and Hematology Review Questions
with 100% Correct Answers
What is Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)?
A condition in preterm infants caused by a deficiency in surfactant, leading to difficulty in
breathing.
What radiographic finding confirms RDS?
A ground-glass appearance with air bronchograms.
What is Cluster Care in nursing?
A nursing intervention that involves performing all assessments and treatments at once to
allow for long rest periods for the infant.
What is Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?
A condition in newborns where meconium is inhaled into the lungs, leading to respiratory
issues.
What radiographic finding is consistent with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?
Bilateral coarse infiltrates with a 'honeycomb' effect and a flattened diaphragm.
What is true apnea in infants?
A cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or more, accompanied by bradycardia.
What is Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)?
A condition in premature infants caused by abnormal growth of retinal blood vessels due to
excessive oxygen levels.
, What finding indicates Pathologic Jaundice?
Jaundice that appears within the first 24 hours of birth.
What is the priority nursing action during phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia?
Covering the infant's eyes with opaque patches and keeping the diaper off to allow for skin
exposure.
What is Acute Epiglottitis?
A severe, life-threatening condition in children characterized by inflammation of the
epiglottis, leading to airway obstruction.
What action is contraindicated in a child suspected of having Acute Epiglottitis?
Using a tongue depressor to visualize the throat.
What is the best time to administer pancreatic enzyme replacements for a child with
Cystic Fibrosis?
Immediately before or during every meal and snack.
What is Bronchiolitis?
An inflammation of the small airways in the lungs, often caused by viral infections like RSV.
What is the priority nursing action for an infant with Bronchiolitis?
Implementing strict contact precautions and suctioning the nose before feedings.
What medication should be used for acute wheezing in a child with Asthma?
Albuterol (Short-acting beta-agonist).
What is Iron Deficiency Anemia?
Respiratory, and Hematology Review Questions
with 100% Correct Answers
What is Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)?
A condition in preterm infants caused by a deficiency in surfactant, leading to difficulty in
breathing.
What radiographic finding confirms RDS?
A ground-glass appearance with air bronchograms.
What is Cluster Care in nursing?
A nursing intervention that involves performing all assessments and treatments at once to
allow for long rest periods for the infant.
What is Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?
A condition in newborns where meconium is inhaled into the lungs, leading to respiratory
issues.
What radiographic finding is consistent with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?
Bilateral coarse infiltrates with a 'honeycomb' effect and a flattened diaphragm.
What is true apnea in infants?
A cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or more, accompanied by bradycardia.
What is Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)?
A condition in premature infants caused by abnormal growth of retinal blood vessels due to
excessive oxygen levels.
, What finding indicates Pathologic Jaundice?
Jaundice that appears within the first 24 hours of birth.
What is the priority nursing action during phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia?
Covering the infant's eyes with opaque patches and keeping the diaper off to allow for skin
exposure.
What is Acute Epiglottitis?
A severe, life-threatening condition in children characterized by inflammation of the
epiglottis, leading to airway obstruction.
What action is contraindicated in a child suspected of having Acute Epiglottitis?
Using a tongue depressor to visualize the throat.
What is the best time to administer pancreatic enzyme replacements for a child with
Cystic Fibrosis?
Immediately before or during every meal and snack.
What is Bronchiolitis?
An inflammation of the small airways in the lungs, often caused by viral infections like RSV.
What is the priority nursing action for an infant with Bronchiolitis?
Implementing strict contact precautions and suctioning the nose before feedings.
What medication should be used for acute wheezing in a child with Asthma?
Albuterol (Short-acting beta-agonist).
What is Iron Deficiency Anemia?
