BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
w/Lab Module 9 Exam 100 Questions with
Correct Answers and Expert Rationales 2026/27
Latest Update Instant Pdf Download
SECTION A: Nervous System (Questions 1-25)
1. This part of the autonomic nervous system increases
digestion.
A) Sympathetic
B) Somatic
C) Parasympathetic
D) Enteric
Correct Answer: C) Parasympathetic
Expert Rationale: The parasympathetic division is responsible
for "rest and digest" functions. It stimulates digestive
activities, including increased peristalsis and secretion of
digestive enzymes. The sympathetic division inhibits digestion
during "fight or flight" responses .
2. The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains what type of
neurons?
A) Sensory (Afferent)
B) Motor (Efferent)
C) Interneurons
D) Mixed
,Correct Answer: B) Motor (Efferent)
Expert Rationale: The ventral root contains motor (efferent)
neurons that carry signals from the central nervous system to
effectors such as muscles and glands. The dorsal root contains
sensory (afferent) neurons .
3. This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from
the cell body.
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Soma
D) Synapse
Correct Answer: B) Axon
Expert Rationale: The axon is the long, slender projection of a
neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell
body (soma) toward other neurons, muscles, or glands.
Dendrites receive signals, and synapses are junctions between
neurons .
4. An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the:
A) Peripheral nervous system
B) Autonomic nervous system
C) Central nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
Correct Answer: C) Central nervous system
Expert Rationale: Interneurons are located entirely within the
central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). They serve as
,connectors between sensory and motor neurons. The
peripheral nervous system consists of nerves outside the CNS .
5. An afferent neuron carries information:
A) From the peripheral to the central nervous system
B) From the central to the peripheral nervous system
C) Only within the brain
D) Only within the spinal cord
Correct Answer: A) From the peripheral to the central
nervous system
Expert Rationale: Afferent neurons (sensory neurons) carry
information from sensory receptors in the periphery toward
the central nervous system. Efferent neurons carry signals in
the opposite direction—from CNS to periphery .
6. What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
A) PNS; myelination of axons
B) CNS; immune defense
C) CNS; formation of the blood-brain barrier
D) PNS; regulation of neurotransmitter levels
Correct Answer: C) CNS; formation of the blood-brain barrier
Expert Rationale: Astrocytes are glial cells found in the central
nervous system. They help form the blood-brain barrier by
wrapping around blood vessels, regulate the extracellular
environment, and provide structural support .
, 7. At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
A) +30 mV
B) 0 mV
C) -70 mV
D) -90 mV
Correct Answer: C) -70 mV
Expert Rationale: The resting membrane potential of a typical
neuron is approximately -70 mV. This negative charge inside
the cell relative to the outside is maintained by the sodium-
potassium pump and the differential permeability of the
membrane to ions .
8. Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-
potassium pump?
A) It moves 3 Na⁺ out of the cell
B) It moves 2 K⁺ into the cell
C) It requires ATP
D) The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the
membrane
Correct Answer: D) The overall effect is a negative charge on
the outside of the membrane
Expert Rationale: The sodium-potassium pump moves 3 Na⁺ out
and 2 K⁺ in, requiring ATP. This creates a net positive charge
outside (and negative charge inside), not a negative charge
outside. This contributes to the resting membrane potential of
-70 mV inside relative to outside .
w/Lab Module 9 Exam 100 Questions with
Correct Answers and Expert Rationales 2026/27
Latest Update Instant Pdf Download
SECTION A: Nervous System (Questions 1-25)
1. This part of the autonomic nervous system increases
digestion.
A) Sympathetic
B) Somatic
C) Parasympathetic
D) Enteric
Correct Answer: C) Parasympathetic
Expert Rationale: The parasympathetic division is responsible
for "rest and digest" functions. It stimulates digestive
activities, including increased peristalsis and secretion of
digestive enzymes. The sympathetic division inhibits digestion
during "fight or flight" responses .
2. The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains what type of
neurons?
A) Sensory (Afferent)
B) Motor (Efferent)
C) Interneurons
D) Mixed
,Correct Answer: B) Motor (Efferent)
Expert Rationale: The ventral root contains motor (efferent)
neurons that carry signals from the central nervous system to
effectors such as muscles and glands. The dorsal root contains
sensory (afferent) neurons .
3. This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from
the cell body.
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Soma
D) Synapse
Correct Answer: B) Axon
Expert Rationale: The axon is the long, slender projection of a
neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell
body (soma) toward other neurons, muscles, or glands.
Dendrites receive signals, and synapses are junctions between
neurons .
4. An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the:
A) Peripheral nervous system
B) Autonomic nervous system
C) Central nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
Correct Answer: C) Central nervous system
Expert Rationale: Interneurons are located entirely within the
central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). They serve as
,connectors between sensory and motor neurons. The
peripheral nervous system consists of nerves outside the CNS .
5. An afferent neuron carries information:
A) From the peripheral to the central nervous system
B) From the central to the peripheral nervous system
C) Only within the brain
D) Only within the spinal cord
Correct Answer: A) From the peripheral to the central
nervous system
Expert Rationale: Afferent neurons (sensory neurons) carry
information from sensory receptors in the periphery toward
the central nervous system. Efferent neurons carry signals in
the opposite direction—from CNS to periphery .
6. What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
A) PNS; myelination of axons
B) CNS; immune defense
C) CNS; formation of the blood-brain barrier
D) PNS; regulation of neurotransmitter levels
Correct Answer: C) CNS; formation of the blood-brain barrier
Expert Rationale: Astrocytes are glial cells found in the central
nervous system. They help form the blood-brain barrier by
wrapping around blood vessels, regulate the extracellular
environment, and provide structural support .
, 7. At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
A) +30 mV
B) 0 mV
C) -70 mV
D) -90 mV
Correct Answer: C) -70 mV
Expert Rationale: The resting membrane potential of a typical
neuron is approximately -70 mV. This negative charge inside
the cell relative to the outside is maintained by the sodium-
potassium pump and the differential permeability of the
membrane to ions .
8. Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-
potassium pump?
A) It moves 3 Na⁺ out of the cell
B) It moves 2 K⁺ into the cell
C) It requires ATP
D) The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the
membrane
Correct Answer: D) The overall effect is a negative charge on
the outside of the membrane
Expert Rationale: The sodium-potassium pump moves 3 Na⁺ out
and 2 K⁺ in, requiring ATP. This creates a net positive charge
outside (and negative charge inside), not a negative charge
outside. This contributes to the resting membrane potential of
-70 mV inside relative to outside .
