NAGELHOUT CH 40 GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE PREPARATION GUIDE
●● Pharmacokinetics
Answer: the study of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and
excretion of drugs
●● Pharmaceutics
Answer: the formulation and preparation of drugs
●● pharmacoeconomics
Answer: the study of the economic impact of drugs
●● toxicology
Answer: the study of the harmful effects of chemicals
●● pharmacognosy
Answer: the study of the medicinal uses of naturally occurring
compounds
●● pharmacy
,Answer: the preparation and dispensing of drugs
●● pharmacogenetics
Answer: genetic influences by and on drugs
●● pharmacodynamics
Answer: physiological and biochemical mechanism of action of drugs
(e.g. receptor theory)
●● pharmacogenomics
Answer: identifies discrete genetic differences among individuals that
play a critical role in drug response
●● pharmacoepidemiology
Answer: is the study of the use and effects of drugs on large groups of
people
●● ED50
Answer: Effective dose in 50% of the population
●● TD50
Answer: Toxic Dose in 50% of the population
,●● LD50
Answer: Lethal Dose in 50% of the population
●● Therapeutic index
Answer: LD50/ED50
●● Therapeutic window
Answer: TD50/ED50
●● Two types of ligands
Answer: Agonist or Antagonist
●● Reversible binding of ligands is called
Answer: competitive
●● non-reversible binding of ligands is called
Answer: noncompetitive
●● 5 types of chemical bonds in order of increasing strength
Answer: van der waals, hydrophobic, hydrogen, ionic, covalent
●● 5 types of chemical bonds in order of decreasing strength
, Answer: covalent, ionic, hydrogen, hydrophobic, van der waals
●● Occupation of receptors by ligands is governed by:
Answer: affinity
●● Activation of receptors by ligands is governed by:
Answer: efficacy
●● A dose response curve can show:
Answer: Affinity (potency), Efficacy, Variability, Slope
●● Up regulation
Answer: an increase in receptor proteins as a response to chronic
blockade
●● Down regulation
Answer: Desensitization (refractoriness) following continued stimulation
(agonists). Chronic beta stimulant use for asthma resulting in increased
dose necessary is an example
●● Drug Interaction
Answer: Alteration in the therapeutic action of a drug by concurrent
administration of other exogenous chemicals
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE PREPARATION GUIDE
●● Pharmacokinetics
Answer: the study of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and
excretion of drugs
●● Pharmaceutics
Answer: the formulation and preparation of drugs
●● pharmacoeconomics
Answer: the study of the economic impact of drugs
●● toxicology
Answer: the study of the harmful effects of chemicals
●● pharmacognosy
Answer: the study of the medicinal uses of naturally occurring
compounds
●● pharmacy
,Answer: the preparation and dispensing of drugs
●● pharmacogenetics
Answer: genetic influences by and on drugs
●● pharmacodynamics
Answer: physiological and biochemical mechanism of action of drugs
(e.g. receptor theory)
●● pharmacogenomics
Answer: identifies discrete genetic differences among individuals that
play a critical role in drug response
●● pharmacoepidemiology
Answer: is the study of the use and effects of drugs on large groups of
people
●● ED50
Answer: Effective dose in 50% of the population
●● TD50
Answer: Toxic Dose in 50% of the population
,●● LD50
Answer: Lethal Dose in 50% of the population
●● Therapeutic index
Answer: LD50/ED50
●● Therapeutic window
Answer: TD50/ED50
●● Two types of ligands
Answer: Agonist or Antagonist
●● Reversible binding of ligands is called
Answer: competitive
●● non-reversible binding of ligands is called
Answer: noncompetitive
●● 5 types of chemical bonds in order of increasing strength
Answer: van der waals, hydrophobic, hydrogen, ionic, covalent
●● 5 types of chemical bonds in order of decreasing strength
, Answer: covalent, ionic, hydrogen, hydrophobic, van der waals
●● Occupation of receptors by ligands is governed by:
Answer: affinity
●● Activation of receptors by ligands is governed by:
Answer: efficacy
●● A dose response curve can show:
Answer: Affinity (potency), Efficacy, Variability, Slope
●● Up regulation
Answer: an increase in receptor proteins as a response to chronic
blockade
●● Down regulation
Answer: Desensitization (refractoriness) following continued stimulation
(agonists). Chronic beta stimulant use for asthma resulting in increased
dose necessary is an example
●● Drug Interaction
Answer: Alteration in the therapeutic action of a drug by concurrent
administration of other exogenous chemicals
