COMSAE level 2 111 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Question: prevalence vs incidence
Correct Answer: Prevalence - number of cases at a particular time Incidence - number of new cases
Question: odds ratio vs relative risk
Correct Answer: odds ratio: for case control studies control for disease and examine exposure odds dz+ in
exposed group/odds dz+ in unexposed (a/b)/(c/d) ratio is not a fraction! so the bottom number is not the
total its the unaffected relative risk: for cohort studies that control for exposures and examine who got the
disease prob getting dz exposed/prob getting dz unexposed a/(a+b) / c/(c+d)
Question: When is an odds ratio used
Correct Answer: case-control studies
Question: When is a relative risk ratio used?
Correct Answer: RCT or Cohort study
Question: Delayed puberty in girls
Correct Answer: Absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 13 failure of menarche by 16
Question: delayed puberty in males
Correct Answer: no testicular growth has occurred by age 14 or no skeletal growth spurt has occurred by
age 18
Question: constitutional growth delay
Correct Answer: MCC of growth delay. growth lags behind others in same age but remains consistent.
Often there is family history Will have delayed bone age
Question: Bence-Jones proteinuria
Correct Answer: tubular casts with foreign body giant cell reaction light chains are toxic to the renal
tubular epithelium occurs in MM
Question: Multiple myeloma CRAB
Correct Answer: C: hypercalcemia R: renal involvement w/ proteinuria (amyloid) A: anemia B: bone lytic
lesions/back pain
Question: concave brittle nails
Correct Answer: spoon nails caused by iron deficiency anemia koilonychia
Question: diplopia and muscle weakness, dry mouth, dysphonia, dysphagia. Ptosis, cranial nerve palsy, and
loss of accommodation suddenly after eating smoked fish
Correct Answer: Clostridium botulinum
Question: EMTALA (Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act)
Correct Answer: all incoming patients must receive a medical screening exam. ONLY after the screening
has been done can a transfer be done and only if the other facility is better equipped to meet their needs
, Question: muscles and their innervation that cause foot eversion
Correct Answer: peroneus longus peroneus brevis peroneus tertius by the peroneal nerve L4-5
Question: who's at risk for aspiration pneumonia
Correct Answer: immune spuppressed: HIV, DM, alcoholism, malnutrition impaired airway protection:
smoking, dysphagia, alcohol intoxication AMS
Question: psoas syndrome findings
Correct Answer: Backward sacral torsion Nonneutral L5 Ipsilateral psoas spasm Contralateral pelvic shift
and piriformis spasm Exaggerated lumbar lordosis when supine Positive thomas test
Question: crush injury and suspected compartment syndrome. 1st test
Correct Answer: compartment pressures
Question: passive ROM normal and active ROM limited in shoulder abduction
Correct Answer: rotator cuff tear
Question: when is esophageal manometry used
Correct Answer: Diagnose motility disorders like achalasia, diffuse esophageal spasm and prior to surgery
for reflux disease
Question: damage to what lobe causes agraphesthesia
Correct Answer: parietal side is determined which side
Question: independent practice association
Correct Answer: physician maintain individual or group practice but contract with HMO with a fee
Question: hmo
Correct Answer: A group plan offering prepaid medical care to its members
Question: Psittacosis
Correct Answer: zoonotic respiratory fungal infection of birds; AKA parrot fever tx w/ doxycycline
Question: What cranial technique helps restore function to CN VII and VIII?
Correct Answer: temporal rocking
Question: metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease and risk factors
Correct Answer: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease RF: cardiometabolic including Central obesity,
prediabetes or T2DM, HTN > or taking antihypertensives, triglyceridemia, low HDL, or taking lipid
lowering agent typically mor ALT than AST
Question: hip click in 6 week old. Next step?
Correct Answer: US of hip
Question: observer bias
Correct Answer: when results are affected by the investigators awareness of the exposure status ex: PI
knows which pts in ICU are on new regimen
Question: What limits generalizability
Answers
Question: prevalence vs incidence
Correct Answer: Prevalence - number of cases at a particular time Incidence - number of new cases
Question: odds ratio vs relative risk
Correct Answer: odds ratio: for case control studies control for disease and examine exposure odds dz+ in
exposed group/odds dz+ in unexposed (a/b)/(c/d) ratio is not a fraction! so the bottom number is not the
total its the unaffected relative risk: for cohort studies that control for exposures and examine who got the
disease prob getting dz exposed/prob getting dz unexposed a/(a+b) / c/(c+d)
Question: When is an odds ratio used
Correct Answer: case-control studies
Question: When is a relative risk ratio used?
Correct Answer: RCT or Cohort study
Question: Delayed puberty in girls
Correct Answer: Absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 13 failure of menarche by 16
Question: delayed puberty in males
Correct Answer: no testicular growth has occurred by age 14 or no skeletal growth spurt has occurred by
age 18
Question: constitutional growth delay
Correct Answer: MCC of growth delay. growth lags behind others in same age but remains consistent.
Often there is family history Will have delayed bone age
Question: Bence-Jones proteinuria
Correct Answer: tubular casts with foreign body giant cell reaction light chains are toxic to the renal
tubular epithelium occurs in MM
Question: Multiple myeloma CRAB
Correct Answer: C: hypercalcemia R: renal involvement w/ proteinuria (amyloid) A: anemia B: bone lytic
lesions/back pain
Question: concave brittle nails
Correct Answer: spoon nails caused by iron deficiency anemia koilonychia
Question: diplopia and muscle weakness, dry mouth, dysphonia, dysphagia. Ptosis, cranial nerve palsy, and
loss of accommodation suddenly after eating smoked fish
Correct Answer: Clostridium botulinum
Question: EMTALA (Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act)
Correct Answer: all incoming patients must receive a medical screening exam. ONLY after the screening
has been done can a transfer be done and only if the other facility is better equipped to meet their needs
, Question: muscles and their innervation that cause foot eversion
Correct Answer: peroneus longus peroneus brevis peroneus tertius by the peroneal nerve L4-5
Question: who's at risk for aspiration pneumonia
Correct Answer: immune spuppressed: HIV, DM, alcoholism, malnutrition impaired airway protection:
smoking, dysphagia, alcohol intoxication AMS
Question: psoas syndrome findings
Correct Answer: Backward sacral torsion Nonneutral L5 Ipsilateral psoas spasm Contralateral pelvic shift
and piriformis spasm Exaggerated lumbar lordosis when supine Positive thomas test
Question: crush injury and suspected compartment syndrome. 1st test
Correct Answer: compartment pressures
Question: passive ROM normal and active ROM limited in shoulder abduction
Correct Answer: rotator cuff tear
Question: when is esophageal manometry used
Correct Answer: Diagnose motility disorders like achalasia, diffuse esophageal spasm and prior to surgery
for reflux disease
Question: damage to what lobe causes agraphesthesia
Correct Answer: parietal side is determined which side
Question: independent practice association
Correct Answer: physician maintain individual or group practice but contract with HMO with a fee
Question: hmo
Correct Answer: A group plan offering prepaid medical care to its members
Question: Psittacosis
Correct Answer: zoonotic respiratory fungal infection of birds; AKA parrot fever tx w/ doxycycline
Question: What cranial technique helps restore function to CN VII and VIII?
Correct Answer: temporal rocking
Question: metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease and risk factors
Correct Answer: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease RF: cardiometabolic including Central obesity,
prediabetes or T2DM, HTN > or taking antihypertensives, triglyceridemia, low HDL, or taking lipid
lowering agent typically mor ALT than AST
Question: hip click in 6 week old. Next step?
Correct Answer: US of hip
Question: observer bias
Correct Answer: when results are affected by the investigators awareness of the exposure status ex: PI
knows which pts in ICU are on new regimen
Question: What limits generalizability
