Week 7 Exam: NR565 / NR 565
(Latest ) Advanced
Pharmacology Fundamentals |
Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Question:
PPI Alternatives
Answer:
· H2RA (cimetidine). Less effective and less prolonged effects, but can help
reduce ADR's of PPI
Question:
Laxatives in Pregnancy
Answer:
· Laxative use should be used with caution in pregnancy as it can induce
labor.
,Question:
Osmotic Laxatives: Contraindications
Answer:
· absorbed, therefore draw water into themselves in the intestinal lumen.
In low doses, take 6-12 hours and in high doses take 2-6 hours.
· In patients with renal impairment, magnesium salts can accumulate to
toxic levels and are contraindicated in those with kidney disease.
· Sodium phosphate laxatives can cause fluid retention and exacerbate
heart failure, hypertension, and edema. Therefore, they are
contraindicated.
Question:
Lubiprostone Indications
Answer:
· Class of chloride channel activators with three indications:
· Chronic idiopathic constipation in adults
· Irritable bowel syndrome and constipation in women at least 18 years
and older
· Treatment of opioid induced constipation in chronic noncancer pain
, Question:
Laxative Abuse Cause
Answer:
· Causes: patients believe they need to poop daily and if they do not, it
needs to be corrected. Strong laxatives can cause immediate evacuation
and can take 2-5 days for poop to return, making a patient believe they are
constipated.
· Laxatives can cause dependence and cause pathologic changes,
elextrolyte imbalances, dehydration and colitis.
· To break cycle, must abruptly stop using laxatives. BM may be absent for
several days
· Stool quality is more important than stool frequency.
· Bowel training - establish routine on when to poop.
· Increase consumption of fiber and fluid intake, daily exercise especially
after meals.
Question:
Opioids
Answer:
· Diphenoxylate, loperamide (Imodium), difenoxin.
· Most effective antidiarrheal agent. Activates opioid receptors in GI tract to
decrease intestinal motility and slow transit. Net effect is to present large
intestine with less water. Fluidity and volume of stool are reduced and
decreased frequency.
(Latest ) Advanced
Pharmacology Fundamentals |
Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Question:
PPI Alternatives
Answer:
· H2RA (cimetidine). Less effective and less prolonged effects, but can help
reduce ADR's of PPI
Question:
Laxatives in Pregnancy
Answer:
· Laxative use should be used with caution in pregnancy as it can induce
labor.
,Question:
Osmotic Laxatives: Contraindications
Answer:
· absorbed, therefore draw water into themselves in the intestinal lumen.
In low doses, take 6-12 hours and in high doses take 2-6 hours.
· In patients with renal impairment, magnesium salts can accumulate to
toxic levels and are contraindicated in those with kidney disease.
· Sodium phosphate laxatives can cause fluid retention and exacerbate
heart failure, hypertension, and edema. Therefore, they are
contraindicated.
Question:
Lubiprostone Indications
Answer:
· Class of chloride channel activators with three indications:
· Chronic idiopathic constipation in adults
· Irritable bowel syndrome and constipation in women at least 18 years
and older
· Treatment of opioid induced constipation in chronic noncancer pain
, Question:
Laxative Abuse Cause
Answer:
· Causes: patients believe they need to poop daily and if they do not, it
needs to be corrected. Strong laxatives can cause immediate evacuation
and can take 2-5 days for poop to return, making a patient believe they are
constipated.
· Laxatives can cause dependence and cause pathologic changes,
elextrolyte imbalances, dehydration and colitis.
· To break cycle, must abruptly stop using laxatives. BM may be absent for
several days
· Stool quality is more important than stool frequency.
· Bowel training - establish routine on when to poop.
· Increase consumption of fiber and fluid intake, daily exercise especially
after meals.
Question:
Opioids
Answer:
· Diphenoxylate, loperamide (Imodium), difenoxin.
· Most effective antidiarrheal agent. Activates opioid receptors in GI tract to
decrease intestinal motility and slow transit. Net effect is to present large
intestine with less water. Fluidity and volume of stool are reduced and
decreased frequency.
