GCU NUR-631 Final Exam Questions with Correct
Answers
Where do we hold all our DNA within the cytocell?
The nucleus
What is it programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
What happens with impaired metabolism of the cell?
Accumulation of waste products
Interpret this ABG: pH7.22/PcO2 60/Hco3 26
Respiratory acidosis
How does water move between ICF and ECF?
Osmosis
What protein carries an increased risk for a neural tube defect?
Alpha fetoprotein
What are clinical manifestations of Down Syndrome?
Wide spaced eyes; low nasal bridge; cardiac defects; IQ <70, short stature, low set ears,
webbed neck
How can a newborn be diagnosed with type 1 DM?
Because it is an auto-immune disease
,What gene maintains the cell in wound healing and inflammation, they take care of the
maintenance if all other cells?
Housekeeping gene
Why do older adults take longer to heal?
Their co-morbidities can delay wound healing
What happens when there isn't enough collectin like proteins in the newborn?
Increased risk of respiratory infection
What type of immunity results from a vaccination or from having the disease?
Active acquired immunity
Where do B lymphocytes mature?
B lymphocytes mature to B cells in the bone marrow
What is type II hypersensitivity? What happens to the cell surface?
The anitbodies are binding antigens on cell surface - IgG / IgM
Reasons to give Rhogam
Prevent hemolytic anemia of the newborn in an Rh negative mom, and an Rh positive fetus
What happens at a cellular level that can cause rejection in a transplant patient?
TH1 cells will release cytokines (inflammation), cytotoxic T cells, and macrophages. They
will start to attack the epithelial cells of the transplanted tissue
When are exotoxins released?
During bacterial growth
, What cells help us fight fungal infections?
T lymphocytes and phagocytes
What hormone is affected during times of stress?
Cortisol
What does cortisol do to blood glucose in prolonged stress?
Blood glucose can decrease with prolonged stress because it can cause adrenal fatigue.
In MODS, what hormone stimulates normal endothelial cells to change to a pro-
inflammatory state?
Interluekins; TNF (tumor necrosis factor); IL6
Remember interleukin 4 is LEAST LIKELY.
How dehydrated does a child have to be before we see hypotension?
10%
What is a reperfusion injury?
A stop in blood flow --> then when the blood flow returns and when oxygen is reintroduced,
it can actually injure the tissue.
Why do we have to worry about electrical burns in children?
Because an electrical burn will result in muscle damage, which will release myoglobin. The
kidneys of children are immature and unable to filter myoglobin.
An increase in exercise can reduce the risk of what type of cancer?
Colon cancer
Answers
Where do we hold all our DNA within the cytocell?
The nucleus
What is it programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
What happens with impaired metabolism of the cell?
Accumulation of waste products
Interpret this ABG: pH7.22/PcO2 60/Hco3 26
Respiratory acidosis
How does water move between ICF and ECF?
Osmosis
What protein carries an increased risk for a neural tube defect?
Alpha fetoprotein
What are clinical manifestations of Down Syndrome?
Wide spaced eyes; low nasal bridge; cardiac defects; IQ <70, short stature, low set ears,
webbed neck
How can a newborn be diagnosed with type 1 DM?
Because it is an auto-immune disease
,What gene maintains the cell in wound healing and inflammation, they take care of the
maintenance if all other cells?
Housekeeping gene
Why do older adults take longer to heal?
Their co-morbidities can delay wound healing
What happens when there isn't enough collectin like proteins in the newborn?
Increased risk of respiratory infection
What type of immunity results from a vaccination or from having the disease?
Active acquired immunity
Where do B lymphocytes mature?
B lymphocytes mature to B cells in the bone marrow
What is type II hypersensitivity? What happens to the cell surface?
The anitbodies are binding antigens on cell surface - IgG / IgM
Reasons to give Rhogam
Prevent hemolytic anemia of the newborn in an Rh negative mom, and an Rh positive fetus
What happens at a cellular level that can cause rejection in a transplant patient?
TH1 cells will release cytokines (inflammation), cytotoxic T cells, and macrophages. They
will start to attack the epithelial cells of the transplanted tissue
When are exotoxins released?
During bacterial growth
, What cells help us fight fungal infections?
T lymphocytes and phagocytes
What hormone is affected during times of stress?
Cortisol
What does cortisol do to blood glucose in prolonged stress?
Blood glucose can decrease with prolonged stress because it can cause adrenal fatigue.
In MODS, what hormone stimulates normal endothelial cells to change to a pro-
inflammatory state?
Interluekins; TNF (tumor necrosis factor); IL6
Remember interleukin 4 is LEAST LIKELY.
How dehydrated does a child have to be before we see hypotension?
10%
What is a reperfusion injury?
A stop in blood flow --> then when the blood flow returns and when oxygen is reintroduced,
it can actually injure the tissue.
Why do we have to worry about electrical burns in children?
Because an electrical burn will result in muscle damage, which will release myoglobin. The
kidneys of children are immature and unable to filter myoglobin.
An increase in exercise can reduce the risk of what type of cancer?
Colon cancer
