HESI Fundamentals Practice Test, UNIT 1:
Foundations of Nursing Practice ACTUAL EXAM
WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS NEWEST VERSION
The nurse notices that the Hispanic parents of a toddler who returns from surgery
offer the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Other liquids,
including gelatin, popsicles, and juices, remain untouched. What explanation is
most appropriate for this behavior?
A. The belief is held that the "evil eye" enters the child if anything cold is ingested.
B. After surgery the child probably has refused all foods except broth.
C. Eating broth strengthens the child's innate energy called "chi."
D. Hot remedies restore balance after surgery, which is considered a "cold"
condition. - Answer Common parental practices and health beliefs among
Hispanic, Chinese, Filipino, and Arab cultures classify diseases, areas of the body,
and illnesses as "hot" or "cold" and must be balanced to maintain health and
prevent illness. The perception that surgery is a "cold" condition implies that only
"hot" remedies, such as soup, should be used to restore the healthy balance within
the body, so (D) is the correct interpretation. (A, B, and C) are not correct
interpretations of the noted behavior. "Chi" is a Chinese belief that an innate
energy enters and leaves the body via certain locations and pathways and maintains
health. The "evil eye," or "mal ojo," is believed by many cultures to be related to
the balance of health and illness but is unrelated to dietary practice.
Correct Answer: D
,A client is receiving a cephalosporin antibiotic IV and complains of pain and
irritation at the infusion site. The nurse observes erythema, swelling, and a red
streak along the vessel above the IV access site. Which action should the nurse take
at this time?
A. Administer the medication more rapidly using the same IV site.
B. Initiate an alternate site for the IV infusion of the medication.
C. Notify the healthcare provider before administering the next dose.
D. Give the client a PRN dose of aspirin while the medication infuses. - Answer
A cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered IV may cause vessel irritation.
Rotating the infusion site minimizes the risk of thrombophlebitis, so an alternate
infusion site should be initiated (B) before administering the next dose. Rapid
administration (A) of intravenous cephalosporins can potentiate vessel irritation
and increase the risk of thrombophlebitis. (C) is not necessary to initiate an
alternative IV site. Although aspirin has antiinflammatory actions, (D) is not
indicated.
Correct Answer: B
The nurse is performing nasotracheal suctioning. After suctioning the client's
trachea for fifteen seconds, large amounts of thick yellow secretions return. What
action should the nurse implement next?
A. Encourage the client to cough to help loosen secretions.
B. Advise the client to increase the intake of oral fluids.
C. Rotate the suction catheter to obtain any remaining secretions.
D. Re-oxygenate the client before attempting to suction again. - Answer
Suctioning should not be continued for longer than ten to fifteen seconds, since
the client's oxygenation is compromised during this time (D). (A, B, and C) may be
performed after the client is re-oxygenated and additional suctioning is performed.
Correct Answer: D
,A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction states that she is
nauseated. The nurse assesses that there has been no drainage through the
nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous antiemetic prescribed for PRN use. - Answer The
immediate priority is to determine if the tube is functioning correctly, which would
then relieve the client's nausea. The least invasive intervention, (B), should be
attempted first, followed by (A and C), unless either of these interventions is
contraindicated. If these measures are unsuccessful, the client may require an
antiemetic (D).
Correct Answer: B
During a visit to the outpatient clinic, the nurse assesses a client with severe
osteoarthritis using a goniometer. Which finding should the nurse expect to
measure?
A. Adequate venous blood flow to the lower extremities.
B. Estimated amount of body fat by an underarm skinfold.
C. Degree of flexion and extension of the client's knee joint.
D. Change in the circumference of the joint in centimeters. - Answer The
goniometer is a two-piece ruler that is jointed in the middle with a protractor-type
measuring device that is placed over a joint as the individual extends or flexes the
joint to measure the degrees of flexion and extension on the protractor (C). A
doppler is used to measure blood flow (A). Calipers are used to measure body fat
(B). A tape measure is used to measure circumference of body parts (D).
Correct Answer: C
, During a physical assessment, a female client begins to cry. Which action is best
for the nurse to take?
A. Request another nurse to complete the physical assessment.
B. Ask the client to stop crying and tell the nurse what is wrong.
C. Acknowledge the client's distress and tell her it is all right to cry.
D. Leave the room so that the client can be alone to cry in private. - Answer
Acknowledging the client's distress and giving the client the opportunity to
verbalize her distress (C) is a supportive response. (A, B, and D) are not supportive
and do not facilitate the client's expression of feelings.
Correct Answer: C
A female client asks the nurse to find someone who can translate into her native
language her concerns about a treatment. Which action should the nurse take?
A. Explain that anyone who speaks her language can answer her questions.
B. Provide a translator only in an emergency situation.
C. Ask a family member or friend of the client to translate.
D. Request and document the name of the certified translator. - Answer A
certified translator should be requested to ensure the exchanged information is
reliable and unaltered. To adhere to legal requirements in some states, the name of
the translator should be documented (D). Client information that is translated is
private and protected under HIPAA rules, so (A) is not the best action. Although an
emergency situation may require extenuating circumstances (B), a translator should
be provided in most situations. Family members may skew information and not
translate the exact information, so (C) is not preferred.
Correct Answer: D
Foundations of Nursing Practice ACTUAL EXAM
WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS NEWEST VERSION
The nurse notices that the Hispanic parents of a toddler who returns from surgery
offer the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Other liquids,
including gelatin, popsicles, and juices, remain untouched. What explanation is
most appropriate for this behavior?
A. The belief is held that the "evil eye" enters the child if anything cold is ingested.
B. After surgery the child probably has refused all foods except broth.
C. Eating broth strengthens the child's innate energy called "chi."
D. Hot remedies restore balance after surgery, which is considered a "cold"
condition. - Answer Common parental practices and health beliefs among
Hispanic, Chinese, Filipino, and Arab cultures classify diseases, areas of the body,
and illnesses as "hot" or "cold" and must be balanced to maintain health and
prevent illness. The perception that surgery is a "cold" condition implies that only
"hot" remedies, such as soup, should be used to restore the healthy balance within
the body, so (D) is the correct interpretation. (A, B, and C) are not correct
interpretations of the noted behavior. "Chi" is a Chinese belief that an innate
energy enters and leaves the body via certain locations and pathways and maintains
health. The "evil eye," or "mal ojo," is believed by many cultures to be related to
the balance of health and illness but is unrelated to dietary practice.
Correct Answer: D
,A client is receiving a cephalosporin antibiotic IV and complains of pain and
irritation at the infusion site. The nurse observes erythema, swelling, and a red
streak along the vessel above the IV access site. Which action should the nurse take
at this time?
A. Administer the medication more rapidly using the same IV site.
B. Initiate an alternate site for the IV infusion of the medication.
C. Notify the healthcare provider before administering the next dose.
D. Give the client a PRN dose of aspirin while the medication infuses. - Answer
A cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered IV may cause vessel irritation.
Rotating the infusion site minimizes the risk of thrombophlebitis, so an alternate
infusion site should be initiated (B) before administering the next dose. Rapid
administration (A) of intravenous cephalosporins can potentiate vessel irritation
and increase the risk of thrombophlebitis. (C) is not necessary to initiate an
alternative IV site. Although aspirin has antiinflammatory actions, (D) is not
indicated.
Correct Answer: B
The nurse is performing nasotracheal suctioning. After suctioning the client's
trachea for fifteen seconds, large amounts of thick yellow secretions return. What
action should the nurse implement next?
A. Encourage the client to cough to help loosen secretions.
B. Advise the client to increase the intake of oral fluids.
C. Rotate the suction catheter to obtain any remaining secretions.
D. Re-oxygenate the client before attempting to suction again. - Answer
Suctioning should not be continued for longer than ten to fifteen seconds, since
the client's oxygenation is compromised during this time (D). (A, B, and C) may be
performed after the client is re-oxygenated and additional suctioning is performed.
Correct Answer: D
,A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction states that she is
nauseated. The nurse assesses that there has been no drainage through the
nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous antiemetic prescribed for PRN use. - Answer The
immediate priority is to determine if the tube is functioning correctly, which would
then relieve the client's nausea. The least invasive intervention, (B), should be
attempted first, followed by (A and C), unless either of these interventions is
contraindicated. If these measures are unsuccessful, the client may require an
antiemetic (D).
Correct Answer: B
During a visit to the outpatient clinic, the nurse assesses a client with severe
osteoarthritis using a goniometer. Which finding should the nurse expect to
measure?
A. Adequate venous blood flow to the lower extremities.
B. Estimated amount of body fat by an underarm skinfold.
C. Degree of flexion and extension of the client's knee joint.
D. Change in the circumference of the joint in centimeters. - Answer The
goniometer is a two-piece ruler that is jointed in the middle with a protractor-type
measuring device that is placed over a joint as the individual extends or flexes the
joint to measure the degrees of flexion and extension on the protractor (C). A
doppler is used to measure blood flow (A). Calipers are used to measure body fat
(B). A tape measure is used to measure circumference of body parts (D).
Correct Answer: C
, During a physical assessment, a female client begins to cry. Which action is best
for the nurse to take?
A. Request another nurse to complete the physical assessment.
B. Ask the client to stop crying and tell the nurse what is wrong.
C. Acknowledge the client's distress and tell her it is all right to cry.
D. Leave the room so that the client can be alone to cry in private. - Answer
Acknowledging the client's distress and giving the client the opportunity to
verbalize her distress (C) is a supportive response. (A, B, and D) are not supportive
and do not facilitate the client's expression of feelings.
Correct Answer: C
A female client asks the nurse to find someone who can translate into her native
language her concerns about a treatment. Which action should the nurse take?
A. Explain that anyone who speaks her language can answer her questions.
B. Provide a translator only in an emergency situation.
C. Ask a family member or friend of the client to translate.
D. Request and document the name of the certified translator. - Answer A
certified translator should be requested to ensure the exchanged information is
reliable and unaltered. To adhere to legal requirements in some states, the name of
the translator should be documented (D). Client information that is translated is
private and protected under HIPAA rules, so (A) is not the best action. Although an
emergency situation may require extenuating circumstances (B), a translator should
be provided in most situations. Family members may skew information and not
translate the exact information, so (C) is not preferred.
Correct Answer: D
