PSY 101 Final Exam V3 | PSY 101
Foundations of Psychology |
StraighterLine | Q&A with Rationale
(StraighterLine PSY101 Final Exam)
1. Which psychological perspective focuses on the way people perceive, process, and retrieve
information?
A. Behavioral
B. Biological
C. Evolutionary
D. Cognitive
Answer: D
Rationale: The cognitive perspective explores internal mental processes such as memory,
thinking, and problem-solving. It treats the human mind similarly to a computer processor
that encodes and stores information. This approach differs from behaviorism by
emphasizing mental states rather than just observable actions.
2. In an experiment designed to test the effects of a new drug on depression, the group that
receives a sugar pill instead of the actual medication is known as the:
A. Experimental group
B. Control group
,C. Independent group
D. Reliability group
Answer: B
Rationale: The control group serves as a baseline for comparison to evaluate the effect of
the treatment. Participants in this group are treated the same as the experimental group
except for the specific variable being tested. This helps researchers ensure that changes in
the dependent variable are actually caused by the independent variable.
3. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
A. Dendrite
B. Axon
C. Myelin sheath
D. Terminal button
Answer: A
Rationale: Dendrites are the branch-like structures that extend from the cell body of a
neuron. Their primary function is to receive chemical messages from the synapses of
neighboring neurons. These signals are then passed down to the cell body to determine if
an action potential should be triggered.
4. The ‘All-or-None’ law refers to the fact that:
A. A neuron fires at full strength or not at all
, B. All neurons in a network fire simultaneously
C. Neurotransmitters are either absorbed or destroyed
D. The brain uses all of its capacity for complex tasks
Answer: A
Rationale: The all-or-none law states that the strength of a response of a nerve cell or
muscle fiber is not dependent upon the strength of the stimulus. If a stimulus is above a
certain threshold, a nerve or muscle fiber will fire completely. There is no such thing as a
partial firing of an individual action potential.
5. Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for processing visual
information?
A. Occipital Lobe
B. Parietal Lobe
C. Temporal Lobe
D. Frontal Lobe
Answer: A
Rationale: The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain and contains the primary
visual cortex. It is dedicated specifically to interpreting visual stimuli and information from
the eyes. Damage to this area can result in visual impairments or even blindness despite
healthy eyes.
Foundations of Psychology |
StraighterLine | Q&A with Rationale
(StraighterLine PSY101 Final Exam)
1. Which psychological perspective focuses on the way people perceive, process, and retrieve
information?
A. Behavioral
B. Biological
C. Evolutionary
D. Cognitive
Answer: D
Rationale: The cognitive perspective explores internal mental processes such as memory,
thinking, and problem-solving. It treats the human mind similarly to a computer processor
that encodes and stores information. This approach differs from behaviorism by
emphasizing mental states rather than just observable actions.
2. In an experiment designed to test the effects of a new drug on depression, the group that
receives a sugar pill instead of the actual medication is known as the:
A. Experimental group
B. Control group
,C. Independent group
D. Reliability group
Answer: B
Rationale: The control group serves as a baseline for comparison to evaluate the effect of
the treatment. Participants in this group are treated the same as the experimental group
except for the specific variable being tested. This helps researchers ensure that changes in
the dependent variable are actually caused by the independent variable.
3. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
A. Dendrite
B. Axon
C. Myelin sheath
D. Terminal button
Answer: A
Rationale: Dendrites are the branch-like structures that extend from the cell body of a
neuron. Their primary function is to receive chemical messages from the synapses of
neighboring neurons. These signals are then passed down to the cell body to determine if
an action potential should be triggered.
4. The ‘All-or-None’ law refers to the fact that:
A. A neuron fires at full strength or not at all
, B. All neurons in a network fire simultaneously
C. Neurotransmitters are either absorbed or destroyed
D. The brain uses all of its capacity for complex tasks
Answer: A
Rationale: The all-or-none law states that the strength of a response of a nerve cell or
muscle fiber is not dependent upon the strength of the stimulus. If a stimulus is above a
certain threshold, a nerve or muscle fiber will fire completely. There is no such thing as a
partial firing of an individual action potential.
5. Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for processing visual
information?
A. Occipital Lobe
B. Parietal Lobe
C. Temporal Lobe
D. Frontal Lobe
Answer: A
Rationale: The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain and contains the primary
visual cortex. It is dedicated specifically to interpreting visual stimuli and information from
the eyes. Damage to this area can result in visual impairments or even blindness despite
healthy eyes.
