ENV 101 Exam 2 V1 | ENV 101
Environmental Science | StraighterLine |
Q&A with Rationale (StraighterLine
ENV101 Exam 2)
1. Which stage of the demographic transition is characterized by falling death rates while
birth rates remain high?
A. Pre-industrial Stage
B. Industrial Stage
C. Transitional Stage
D. Post-industrial Stage
Answer: C
Rationale: The transitional stage occurs when a society begins to develop better sanitation
and medical care, which leads to a significant decrease in death rates. However, birth rates
remain high due to traditional social norms and the time required for cultural shifts to
occur. This imbalance results in the most rapid population growth within the demographic
transition model.
2. What term describes the average number of children born to each woman in a population
during her lifetime?
A. Total fertility rate
,B. Crude birth rate
C. Replacement level fertility
D. Population growth rate
Answer: A
Rationale: Total fertility rate (TFR) is a key demographic indicator used to predict future
population trends. A TFR of 2.1 is generally considered replacement level fertility in most
developed countries. When the TFR falls below this level, the population may eventually
decline unless supplemented by immigration.
3. In the IPAT model, what does the ‘A’ represent?
A. Affluence
B. Altitude
C. Atmosphere
D. Agriculture
Answer: A
Rationale: The IPAT model measures the human impact on the environment as a product
of population, affluence, and technology. Affluence refers to the level of consumption and
resource use per person within a society. As affluence increases, the environmental
footprint typically expands due to higher demands for energy and goods.
, 4. Which of the following is a characteristic of a population with a ‘top-heavy’ age structure
diagram?
A. Rapid future growth
B. High infant mortality
C. An aging population with declining growth
D. A large proportion of reproductive-age individuals
Answer: C
Rationale: A top-heavy age structure diagram indicates that a large percentage of the
population is elderly. This usually signifies that birth rates have been low for an extended
period, leading to a shrinking workforce. Such populations often face economic challenges
related to supporting a retired demographic.
5. The ‘Green Revolution’ primarily involved which of the following?
A. The shift to organic farming methods
B. A movement to ban all chemical pesticides
C. The introduction of high-yield crop varieties and synthetic fertilizers
D. The restoration of natural prairies for bison grazing
Answer: C
Rationale: The Green Revolution began in the mid-20th century and aimed to increase
global food production through intensive agricultural practices. It relied heavily on the use
Environmental Science | StraighterLine |
Q&A with Rationale (StraighterLine
ENV101 Exam 2)
1. Which stage of the demographic transition is characterized by falling death rates while
birth rates remain high?
A. Pre-industrial Stage
B. Industrial Stage
C. Transitional Stage
D. Post-industrial Stage
Answer: C
Rationale: The transitional stage occurs when a society begins to develop better sanitation
and medical care, which leads to a significant decrease in death rates. However, birth rates
remain high due to traditional social norms and the time required for cultural shifts to
occur. This imbalance results in the most rapid population growth within the demographic
transition model.
2. What term describes the average number of children born to each woman in a population
during her lifetime?
A. Total fertility rate
,B. Crude birth rate
C. Replacement level fertility
D. Population growth rate
Answer: A
Rationale: Total fertility rate (TFR) is a key demographic indicator used to predict future
population trends. A TFR of 2.1 is generally considered replacement level fertility in most
developed countries. When the TFR falls below this level, the population may eventually
decline unless supplemented by immigration.
3. In the IPAT model, what does the ‘A’ represent?
A. Affluence
B. Altitude
C. Atmosphere
D. Agriculture
Answer: A
Rationale: The IPAT model measures the human impact on the environment as a product
of population, affluence, and technology. Affluence refers to the level of consumption and
resource use per person within a society. As affluence increases, the environmental
footprint typically expands due to higher demands for energy and goods.
, 4. Which of the following is a characteristic of a population with a ‘top-heavy’ age structure
diagram?
A. Rapid future growth
B. High infant mortality
C. An aging population with declining growth
D. A large proportion of reproductive-age individuals
Answer: C
Rationale: A top-heavy age structure diagram indicates that a large percentage of the
population is elderly. This usually signifies that birth rates have been low for an extended
period, leading to a shrinking workforce. Such populations often face economic challenges
related to supporting a retired demographic.
5. The ‘Green Revolution’ primarily involved which of the following?
A. The shift to organic farming methods
B. A movement to ban all chemical pesticides
C. The introduction of high-yield crop varieties and synthetic fertilizers
D. The restoration of natural prairies for bison grazing
Answer: C
Rationale: The Green Revolution began in the mid-20th century and aimed to increase
global food production through intensive agricultural practices. It relied heavily on the use
