BUS 301 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What are the big 8? - Answers - Context/situation, ability,
personality/disposition,attitude, outside work enviornment, perceptions, values
Big 8- Context/ Situation - Answers - Organization, culture, structure, industry, a certain
situation can change a person's behavior
Big 8- Ability - Answers - intelligence, GMA(general mental ability), technical skills, with
more ability you perform better
Big 8- personality/disposition - Answers - disposition to think, act, and feel in different
ways
Big 8- attitude - Answers - beliefs and values a person holds
Big 8- outside work enviornment - Answers - competing situations, goals and values
Big 8- motivation - Answers - reinforcements, current reward structure, job design
Big 8- perceptions - Answers - experience, needs, emotions, how we perceive things
will determine how we react
Big 8- values - Answers - what is important to you
The 3 things motivation explains - Answers - direction, effort, persistence
Motivation as an individual trait and situational factor is described as: - Answers -
managers can't motivate people, people can only motivate themselves
SMART goals - Answers - Specific: make it specific, no general statements
Measurable: decide how, what, when, etc. Be able to measure it
Challenging: goals should be challenging, the more difficult the goal the higher the
performance
Attainable: goals that are too hard will reduce motivation and performance
Relevant: why do you want to achieve the goal?
Time element: incorporate a time element related to accomplishing your goal
Importance of goals - Answers - setting goals gives you long-term vision and short term
motivation
, Strength of goals - Answers - goals help people create plans for what they want to
achieve ans how they are going to do it
Weaknesses of goals - Answers - creates pressure, especially if someone else creating
them for you, failure could prevent someone from setting goals in the future
Commitment to goals - Answers - self-setting goals isn't necessary, but employee
involvement increases goal commitment
Goal feedback - Answers - set the goal, break down the goal into smaller steps, set a
timeline for when you want to achieve those goals
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answers - (level 1) Physiological Needs: food, water,
warmth, rest
(level 2) Safety and Security
(level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection,
(level 4) Self Esteem: prestige, feeling of accomplishment
(level 5) Self Actualization: achieving ones full potential
Alderder's ERG Theory - Answers - Condensed version of Maslow's needs into 3
categories
Existence needs: include all material and physiological desires (food, water, air,
clothing, safety, physical love)
Relatedness needs: encompass social and external esteem, relationships with
significant others like family, friends, co-workers, etc. Being recognized by a group or
family
Growth needs: internal esteem and self-actualization, these impel a person to make a
creative and productive and complete meaningful tasks
McClelland's Theory of Needs - Answers - Every person has one of three main driving
motivators:
Achievement: has a strong needs to set and accomplish goals, takes calculated risks to
accomplish goal, likes to receive regular feedback on progress and achievement
Affiliation: wants to belong to the group, wants to be liked and will often go along with
whatever the rest of the group wants to do, favors collaboration over competition,
doesnt like risk or uncertainty
Power: wants to control and influence other, likes to win arguements, enjoys
competition and winning, enjoys status and recognition
Expectancy Theory - Answers - proposes an individual will behave or act in a certain
way because they are motivated to select a specific behavior over other behaviors due
to what they expect the result of that selected behavior will be.
Expectancy: the employee believes that effort will result in acceptable performance
Instrumentality: the employee believes that acceptable performance will produce the
desired reward
Valence: the employee values the reward
ANSWERS
What are the big 8? - Answers - Context/situation, ability,
personality/disposition,attitude, outside work enviornment, perceptions, values
Big 8- Context/ Situation - Answers - Organization, culture, structure, industry, a certain
situation can change a person's behavior
Big 8- Ability - Answers - intelligence, GMA(general mental ability), technical skills, with
more ability you perform better
Big 8- personality/disposition - Answers - disposition to think, act, and feel in different
ways
Big 8- attitude - Answers - beliefs and values a person holds
Big 8- outside work enviornment - Answers - competing situations, goals and values
Big 8- motivation - Answers - reinforcements, current reward structure, job design
Big 8- perceptions - Answers - experience, needs, emotions, how we perceive things
will determine how we react
Big 8- values - Answers - what is important to you
The 3 things motivation explains - Answers - direction, effort, persistence
Motivation as an individual trait and situational factor is described as: - Answers -
managers can't motivate people, people can only motivate themselves
SMART goals - Answers - Specific: make it specific, no general statements
Measurable: decide how, what, when, etc. Be able to measure it
Challenging: goals should be challenging, the more difficult the goal the higher the
performance
Attainable: goals that are too hard will reduce motivation and performance
Relevant: why do you want to achieve the goal?
Time element: incorporate a time element related to accomplishing your goal
Importance of goals - Answers - setting goals gives you long-term vision and short term
motivation
, Strength of goals - Answers - goals help people create plans for what they want to
achieve ans how they are going to do it
Weaknesses of goals - Answers - creates pressure, especially if someone else creating
them for you, failure could prevent someone from setting goals in the future
Commitment to goals - Answers - self-setting goals isn't necessary, but employee
involvement increases goal commitment
Goal feedback - Answers - set the goal, break down the goal into smaller steps, set a
timeline for when you want to achieve those goals
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answers - (level 1) Physiological Needs: food, water,
warmth, rest
(level 2) Safety and Security
(level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection,
(level 4) Self Esteem: prestige, feeling of accomplishment
(level 5) Self Actualization: achieving ones full potential
Alderder's ERG Theory - Answers - Condensed version of Maslow's needs into 3
categories
Existence needs: include all material and physiological desires (food, water, air,
clothing, safety, physical love)
Relatedness needs: encompass social and external esteem, relationships with
significant others like family, friends, co-workers, etc. Being recognized by a group or
family
Growth needs: internal esteem and self-actualization, these impel a person to make a
creative and productive and complete meaningful tasks
McClelland's Theory of Needs - Answers - Every person has one of three main driving
motivators:
Achievement: has a strong needs to set and accomplish goals, takes calculated risks to
accomplish goal, likes to receive regular feedback on progress and achievement
Affiliation: wants to belong to the group, wants to be liked and will often go along with
whatever the rest of the group wants to do, favors collaboration over competition,
doesnt like risk or uncertainty
Power: wants to control and influence other, likes to win arguements, enjoys
competition and winning, enjoys status and recognition
Expectancy Theory - Answers - proposes an individual will behave or act in a certain
way because they are motivated to select a specific behavior over other behaviors due
to what they expect the result of that selected behavior will be.
Expectancy: the employee believes that effort will result in acceptable performance
Instrumentality: the employee believes that acceptable performance will produce the
desired reward
Valence: the employee values the reward
