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TU
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PR
AP
,AP
PR TABLE OF CONTENTS
Test Bank: Chemistry, 4th Canadian Edition
By John Olmsted, Gregory Williams, Robert Burk
CHAPTER 1 Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry
CHAPTER 2
OV
The Behaviour of Gases
CHAPTER 3 Energy and Its Conservation
CHAPTER 4 Atoms and Light
CHAPTER 5 Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties
ED
CHAPTER 6 Fundamentals of Chemical Bonding
CHAPTER 7 Theories of Chemical Bonding
CHAPTER 8
_S
Effects of Intermolecular Forces
CHAPTER 9 Properties of Solutions
CHAPTER 10 Organic Chemistry—Structure
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CHAPTER 11 Organic Chemistry—Reactions
CHAPTER 12 Spontaneity of Chemical Processes
CHAPTER 13 Kinetics: Mechanisms and Rates of Reactions
VI
CHAPTER 14 Principles of Chemical Equilibrium
CHAPTER 15 Aqueous Acid–Base Equilibria
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CHAPTER 16 Applications of Aqueous Equilibria
CHAPTER 17 Electron Transfer Reactions
CHAPTER 18 Macromolecules
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CHAPTER 19 The Transition Metals
CHAPTER 20 The Main Group Elements
CHAPTER 21 Nuclear Chemistry and Radiochemistry
CHAPTER 22 Environmental Chemistry
,AP
CHAPTER 1
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY
PR CHAPTER STUDY OBJECTIVES
1. Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name compounds from
OV
molecular pictures.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Recognizing elemental symbols and names of the elements; naming
compounds from molecular pictures
KEY CONCEPTS: Properties of molecules (the microscopic level) translate into properties of
materials (the macroscopic level).
ED
2. Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some common unit
conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Working with unit conversions; determining the correct number of
_S
significant figures in the result of a calculation
KEY CONCEPTS: The correct conversion ratio leads to cancellation of unwanted units. Proper
use of significant figures is important to tell the reader what the accuracy and precision of the
measurement are. TU
3. Analyze and solve problems in a consistent, organized fashion.
Solving Quantitative Problems
Step 1. Determine what is asked for.
Step 2. Visualize the problem.
Step 3. Organize the data.
Step 4. Identify a process to solve the problem.
VI
Step 5. Manipulate the equations.
Step 6. Substitute and calculate.
Step 7. Does the result make sense?
A?
4. Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems. ?
SKILLS TO MASTER: Determining elemental molar masses
KEY CONCEPTS: Chemical calculations are built around the mole. One mole is the number of
atoms in exactly 12 g of the pure isotope carbon-12. The molar mass of any naturally occurring
element is the sum of the contributions from its isotopes.
5. Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Drawing line structures of compounds; calculating molar masses of
compounds
KEY CONCEPTS: A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms held together in a specific
shape by attractive forces. The molar mass of a compound is found by adding together the
molar masses of all of its elements, taking into account the number of moles of each element
present. Molar masses are used to convert between moles of substance and mass.
, 1-2
AP Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
6. Calculate concentrations of solutions and of diluted solutions.
KEY CONCEPTS: Concentration is the amount of substance per unit volume of solution.
PR
Polyatomic ions remain intact when a salt dissolves in water. Diluting a solution decreases the
concentrations of the solutes.
7. Balance chemical reactions.
OV
KEY CONCEPTS: Molecules of reagents react in whole number ratios to form products. The
number of atoms of each element is conserved in any chemical reaction.
8. Calculate the amount of a product from the amounts of the reactants and a balanced
chemical equation.
ED
SKILLS TO MASTER: Using stoichiometric ratios
9. Calculate yields of chemical reactions. _S
10. Solve limiting-reagent-type problems.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Constructing tables of amounts
KEY CONCEPTS: The limiting reactant is the one whose number of moles divided by its
TU
stoichiometric coefficient has the smallest value. The quantity of the limiting reactant determines
how much products are formed.
VI
A?
?
A?
VI
TU
_S
ED
OV
PR
AP
,AP
PR TABLE OF CONTENTS
Test Bank: Chemistry, 4th Canadian Edition
By John Olmsted, Gregory Williams, Robert Burk
CHAPTER 1 Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry
CHAPTER 2
OV
The Behaviour of Gases
CHAPTER 3 Energy and Its Conservation
CHAPTER 4 Atoms and Light
CHAPTER 5 Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties
ED
CHAPTER 6 Fundamentals of Chemical Bonding
CHAPTER 7 Theories of Chemical Bonding
CHAPTER 8
_S
Effects of Intermolecular Forces
CHAPTER 9 Properties of Solutions
CHAPTER 10 Organic Chemistry—Structure
TU
CHAPTER 11 Organic Chemistry—Reactions
CHAPTER 12 Spontaneity of Chemical Processes
CHAPTER 13 Kinetics: Mechanisms and Rates of Reactions
VI
CHAPTER 14 Principles of Chemical Equilibrium
CHAPTER 15 Aqueous Acid–Base Equilibria
A?
CHAPTER 16 Applications of Aqueous Equilibria
CHAPTER 17 Electron Transfer Reactions
CHAPTER 18 Macromolecules
?
CHAPTER 19 The Transition Metals
CHAPTER 20 The Main Group Elements
CHAPTER 21 Nuclear Chemistry and Radiochemistry
CHAPTER 22 Environmental Chemistry
,AP
CHAPTER 1
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY
PR CHAPTER STUDY OBJECTIVES
1. Recognize elemental symbols and names of the elements, and name compounds from
OV
molecular pictures.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Recognizing elemental symbols and names of the elements; naming
compounds from molecular pictures
KEY CONCEPTS: Properties of molecules (the microscopic level) translate into properties of
materials (the macroscopic level).
ED
2. Recognize the SI units commonly used in chemistry, and perform some common unit
conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Working with unit conversions; determining the correct number of
_S
significant figures in the result of a calculation
KEY CONCEPTS: The correct conversion ratio leads to cancellation of unwanted units. Proper
use of significant figures is important to tell the reader what the accuracy and precision of the
measurement are. TU
3. Analyze and solve problems in a consistent, organized fashion.
Solving Quantitative Problems
Step 1. Determine what is asked for.
Step 2. Visualize the problem.
Step 3. Organize the data.
Step 4. Identify a process to solve the problem.
VI
Step 5. Manipulate the equations.
Step 6. Substitute and calculate.
Step 7. Does the result make sense?
A?
4. Solve mass–number–molar mass-type problems. ?
SKILLS TO MASTER: Determining elemental molar masses
KEY CONCEPTS: Chemical calculations are built around the mole. One mole is the number of
atoms in exactly 12 g of the pure isotope carbon-12. The molar mass of any naturally occurring
element is the sum of the contributions from its isotopes.
5. Perform mole–mass–number conversions.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Drawing line structures of compounds; calculating molar masses of
compounds
KEY CONCEPTS: A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms held together in a specific
shape by attractive forces. The molar mass of a compound is found by adding together the
molar masses of all of its elements, taking into account the number of moles of each element
present. Molar masses are used to convert between moles of substance and mass.
, 1-2
AP Test Bank for Chemistry, Fourth Canadian Edition
6. Calculate concentrations of solutions and of diluted solutions.
KEY CONCEPTS: Concentration is the amount of substance per unit volume of solution.
PR
Polyatomic ions remain intact when a salt dissolves in water. Diluting a solution decreases the
concentrations of the solutes.
7. Balance chemical reactions.
OV
KEY CONCEPTS: Molecules of reagents react in whole number ratios to form products. The
number of atoms of each element is conserved in any chemical reaction.
8. Calculate the amount of a product from the amounts of the reactants and a balanced
chemical equation.
ED
SKILLS TO MASTER: Using stoichiometric ratios
9. Calculate yields of chemical reactions. _S
10. Solve limiting-reagent-type problems.
SKILLS TO MASTER: Constructing tables of amounts
KEY CONCEPTS: The limiting reactant is the one whose number of moles divided by its
TU
stoichiometric coefficient has the smallest value. The quantity of the limiting reactant determines
how much products are formed.
VI
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