MEDICAL SURGICAL CERTIFICATION QUESTIONS
AND WELL VERIFIED ANSWERS
Parathyroid glands - ANS ... Small pea-like organs that regulate calcium and
phosphate balance in blood, bones, and other tissues
Assessment steps - ANS ... Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
How to palpate for tactile fremitus - ANS ... Say the word "ninety-nine" while
hands are on their back.
Should be symmetrical
If the vibration isn't equal, there may be a collapse of lung tissue, fluid, or some
type of blockage.
Nursing process - ANS ... Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
,Adrenal glands purpose - ANS ... Aldosterone and cortisol are produced by the
adrenals to cause the kidneys to retain sodium and fluid
Pituitary gland - ANS ... Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary
regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. Stores and releases ADH
from the hypothalamus to direct kidneys to retain fluids to maintain cellular
osmotic pressure
Percussion - ANS ... Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the
density of the underlying structure; sounds are tympany, resonance,
hyperresonance, dullness, flatness
Tympany percussion - ANS ... Hollow drum sound produced when organ contains
air (Stomach, intestine)
Resonance - ANS ... Hollow sound heard upon percussion of the chest wall; the
percussion tone expected when percussing the lungs
Hyperresonance - ANS ... Lower-pitched, booming sound found when too much
air is present such as in emphysema or pneumothorax
Dullness - ANS ... Thud like sound produced by dense tissue such as the liver,
spleen or heart
Flatness - ANS ... Heard over bones and muscle
Austultation - ANS ... Intensity- level of sound in terms of loudness
,Frequency- low or high pitch
Quality- distinguish between rumbling and musical types
Areas of Auscultation of the Heart - ANS ... Aortic, pulmonic, erb's point, tricuspid,
apical
1st heart sound - ANS ... AV valves closing (mitral and tricuspid), heard at apex of
the heart
2nd heart sound - ANS ... Closure of the semilunar valves. (Aortic Valve &
Pulmonary Valve) heart at base of heart
Systole - ANS ... Contraction of the heart- time between S1 and S2
Diastole - ANS ... Relaxation of the heart, time between s2 and s1
P wave - ANS ... Atrial depolarization, impulse is in sinus node
QRS complex - ANS ... Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
T wave - ANS ... Ventricular repolarization and relaxation so cells can regain a
negative charge
U wave - ANS ... Repolarization of the purkinje fibers; can be present in
hypokalemia
, Gallop heart sounds - ANS ... S3, occurs after s2. Occurs in children and young
adults, but may indicate CHF or L ventricular failure in older adults. S4 occurs
before s1 which means ventricular hypertrophy- found in coronary artery
disease/htn/aortic valve stenosis
Opening snap - ANS ... A sharp, high-pitched click heard in early diastole related to
opening of the abnormal valve in cases of mitral stenosis from rheumatic heart
disease
Ejection click - ANS ... Brief high pitch click sound after s1; aortic stenosis
Friction rub - ANS ... Described as grating, scratching sound of the heart indicative
of pericarditis
Murmur - ANS ... Caused by turbulent blood flow- characterized by location,
timing in cardiac cycle, intensity (grade 1 to V), pitch, quality, and radiation
MAP - ANS ... Diastole x2 + systole / 3
Normal MAP - ANS ... 70-105 mmhg, need at least 60
Cardiac output - ANS ... The volume of blood ejected from the left side of the
heart in one minute. Hrxsv
Normal is 5 L/min
Cardiac Index - ANS ... CO/body surface area
AND WELL VERIFIED ANSWERS
Parathyroid glands - ANS ... Small pea-like organs that regulate calcium and
phosphate balance in blood, bones, and other tissues
Assessment steps - ANS ... Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
How to palpate for tactile fremitus - ANS ... Say the word "ninety-nine" while
hands are on their back.
Should be symmetrical
If the vibration isn't equal, there may be a collapse of lung tissue, fluid, or some
type of blockage.
Nursing process - ANS ... Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
,Adrenal glands purpose - ANS ... Aldosterone and cortisol are produced by the
adrenals to cause the kidneys to retain sodium and fluid
Pituitary gland - ANS ... Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary
regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. Stores and releases ADH
from the hypothalamus to direct kidneys to retain fluids to maintain cellular
osmotic pressure
Percussion - ANS ... Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the
density of the underlying structure; sounds are tympany, resonance,
hyperresonance, dullness, flatness
Tympany percussion - ANS ... Hollow drum sound produced when organ contains
air (Stomach, intestine)
Resonance - ANS ... Hollow sound heard upon percussion of the chest wall; the
percussion tone expected when percussing the lungs
Hyperresonance - ANS ... Lower-pitched, booming sound found when too much
air is present such as in emphysema or pneumothorax
Dullness - ANS ... Thud like sound produced by dense tissue such as the liver,
spleen or heart
Flatness - ANS ... Heard over bones and muscle
Austultation - ANS ... Intensity- level of sound in terms of loudness
,Frequency- low or high pitch
Quality- distinguish between rumbling and musical types
Areas of Auscultation of the Heart - ANS ... Aortic, pulmonic, erb's point, tricuspid,
apical
1st heart sound - ANS ... AV valves closing (mitral and tricuspid), heard at apex of
the heart
2nd heart sound - ANS ... Closure of the semilunar valves. (Aortic Valve &
Pulmonary Valve) heart at base of heart
Systole - ANS ... Contraction of the heart- time between S1 and S2
Diastole - ANS ... Relaxation of the heart, time between s2 and s1
P wave - ANS ... Atrial depolarization, impulse is in sinus node
QRS complex - ANS ... Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
T wave - ANS ... Ventricular repolarization and relaxation so cells can regain a
negative charge
U wave - ANS ... Repolarization of the purkinje fibers; can be present in
hypokalemia
, Gallop heart sounds - ANS ... S3, occurs after s2. Occurs in children and young
adults, but may indicate CHF or L ventricular failure in older adults. S4 occurs
before s1 which means ventricular hypertrophy- found in coronary artery
disease/htn/aortic valve stenosis
Opening snap - ANS ... A sharp, high-pitched click heard in early diastole related to
opening of the abnormal valve in cases of mitral stenosis from rheumatic heart
disease
Ejection click - ANS ... Brief high pitch click sound after s1; aortic stenosis
Friction rub - ANS ... Described as grating, scratching sound of the heart indicative
of pericarditis
Murmur - ANS ... Caused by turbulent blood flow- characterized by location,
timing in cardiac cycle, intensity (grade 1 to V), pitch, quality, and radiation
MAP - ANS ... Diastole x2 + systole / 3
Normal MAP - ANS ... 70-105 mmhg, need at least 60
Cardiac output - ANS ... The volume of blood ejected from the left side of the
heart in one minute. Hrxsv
Normal is 5 L/min
Cardiac Index - ANS ... CO/body surface area
