HESI PEDIATRIC exam Current Version
Question and Answer | Ultimate Review
Edition | Grade A+
• To take the vital signs of a 4-month old child, which order will give the most accurate
results? -✓✓ A. Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature
• During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear
reveals a tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable.
What action should the nurse take next? -✓✓ B. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold,
runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
• Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate repair? -✓✓ C. elbow
restraints
• What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care for an
infant with pyloric stenosis? -✓✓ D. observe for projectile vomiting.
• A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in place. What nursing care
should be included when caring for any restrained child? -✓✓ B. remove restraints one
at a time and provide range of motion exercises
• A 2-year old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical
examination. The nurse knows which problem is frequently associated with Down
syndrome? -✓✓ A. congenital heart disease
• When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal retractions
during -✓✓ A. inspiration
• When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse knows that
crying should be minimized because it -✓✓ D. stresses the suture line
• A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful assessment, the
nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal atresia. Which symptoms is this
newborn likely to have exhibited? -✓✓ A. choking, coughing, and cyanosis
• Which behavior would the nurse expect a two-year-old child to exhibit? -✓✓ C. display
possessiveness of toys
• the mother of a preschool-aged client asks the nurse if it is all right to administer Pepto
Bismal to her son when he 'has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check the
label of all OTC drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse
,include when replying to this mother's question? -✓✓ B. do not give if the child has
chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
• The nurse observes a 4-year old boy in a daycare setting. Which behavior should the
nurse consider normal for this client? -✓✓ C. demonstrates aggressiveness by boasting
when telling a story
• A burned child is brought to the emergency room. In estimating the percentage of the
body burned, the nurse uses a modified "Rule of Nines." Which part of a child's body is
calculated as a larger percentage of total body surface than an adult? -✓✓ A. head and
neck
• The nurse receives a lab report stating a child with asthma has a theophylline level of
15 mcg/dl. What action will the nurse take? -✓✓ A. pass the information on in the report
• A 12-month old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible pneumonia.
He is placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing intervention has the greatest
priority for this infant? -✓✓ C. have a bulb syringe readily available to remove secretions
• All of the following interventions can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing
and medical interventions used to treat diarrhea. Which intervention is least useful in the
nurse's evaluation of a 20-month-old child. -✓✓ B. assessing fontanels
• A 5-month-old is admitted to the hospital with vomiting and diarrhea. The pediatrician
prescribed dextrose 5% and 0.25% normal saline with 2 mEq KCI/100 mL to be infused
at 25mL/hr. Prior to initiating the infusion, the nurse should obtain which assessment
finding? -✓✓ B. serum BUN and creatinine levels
• The nurse is assigning care for a 4-year old child with otitis media and is concerned
about the child's increasing temperature over the past 24 hours. When planning care for
this child, it is important for the nurse to consider that: -✓✓ B. a tympanic measurement
of temperature will provide the most accurate reading
• The nurse is assessing an 8-month old child who has a medical diagnosis of Tetrology
of Fallot. Which symptom is this client most likely to exhibit? -✓✓ D. clubbed fingers
• As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and palpates the
fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to the healthcare provider? -
✓✓ A. A 5-month old with failure to thrive that has a closed anterior fontanel
• A preschool-age child who is hospitalized for hypospadias repair is most strongly
influenced by which behavior? -✓✓ C. concern for body integrity
,• An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and surgery is planned to
correct the defect. The nurse recognizes that surgical correction is designed to achieve
which outcome? -✓✓ C. prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
• A three-month old boy weighing 10 lbs, 15 oz has an axillary temperature of 98.9
degrees F. The nurse determines the daily caloric need for this child is approximately: -
✓✓ C. 600 cal/day
10 lbs, 15 oz = 10.9 lbs. Convert lbs to kg by dividing pounds by 2.2 (10.9/2.2) = 4.954
kg rounded to 5 kg. an infant requires 108 cal/kg/day (108 x 5 = 540 cal/day). However
this infant requires 10% more calories because he has one degree temperature
elevation. 10% of 540 is 54 and 54 + 540 = 594. This infant will require approximately
600 calories/day. Remember that a temperature elevation necessitates consumption of
more calories.
• The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers and
preschoolers and plans to include information about prevention of accidental
poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include which instructions? -✓✓ B. store
all toxic agents and medicines in locked cabinets.
• A 6-month old infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) is receiving digoxin elixer.
Which observation by the nurse warrants immediate intervention? -✓✓ A. apical heart
rate of 60.
• At 8am, the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse that a
female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood pressure of 210/110.
The 4am BP reading was 170/88. The client reports to the UAP that she is upset
because her boyfriend did not visit last night. What action should the nurse take? -✓✓
B. administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
• A premature newborn girl, born 24 hours ago, is diagnosed with a patent ductus
arteriosus (PDA) and placed under an oxygen hood at 35%. The parents visit the
nursery and ask to hold her. Which response should the nurse provide to the parents? -
✓✓ B. the oxygen hood is holding the baby's oxygen level just at the point which is
needed. You may stroke and talk to her.
• The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 3-year old who is scheduled for a cardiac
catheterization. To assist in decreasing anxiety for the child on the day of the procedure,
which intervention is best for the nurse to implement? -✓✓ C. give the child a ride on a
gurney to visit the cardiac catheterization lab and meet a nurse who works there.
• When taking the health history of a child, the nurse knows that which finding is an
early indication of hypothyroidism in children? -✓✓ D. cessation of growth in a child that
had been normal.
, • The nurse is teaching a 12-year old male adolescent and his family about taking
injections of growth hormone for idiopathic hypopituitarism. Which adverse symptoms,
commonly associated with growth hormone therapy should the nurse plan to describe to
the child and his family? -✓✓ A. polyuria and polydipsia
• The nurse is caring for a 12-year old with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH). This child should be carefully assessed for which complication? -✓✓
B. changes in LOC
• A four-year old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a routine clinic visit. the
mother appears irritated with the child and asks the nurse, "Is this normal behavior for a
child this age?" The nurse's response should be based on which information? -✓✓ A.
children need to retain a sense of initiative without impinging on the rights and privileges
of others.
• a 14-year old female client tells the nurse that she is concerned about the acne she
has recently developed. Which recommendation should the nurse provide? -✓✓ C.
Wash the hair and skin frequently with soap and hot water
• The mother of a 2-year old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased tempter
tantrums. The mother states, "Yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery store, and I did not
know what to do. I was embarrassed. What can I do if this occurs again?" Which
recommendation is best for the nurse to provide this mother? -✓✓ D. walk away from
him and ignore the behavior
• During discharge teaching of a child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse
should stress to the parents the importance of obtaining which diagnostic testing? -✓✓
B. eye exam
• A hospitalized 16-year old male refuses all visits from his classmates because he is
concerned about his distorted appearance. To increase the client's social interaction,
what intervention is best for the nurse to initiate? -✓✓ C. arrange for an internet
connection in the client's room for email communication
• The nurse is assessing a 2-year old. What behavior indicates that the child's language
development is within normal limits? -✓✓ C. is capable of making a three word sentence
• When evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve the nutritional status of
an infant with gastro-esophageal reflux, which intervention is most important for the
nurse to implement? -✓✓ A. record weight daily
• Which menu selection by a child with celiac disease indicates to the nurse that the
child understands necessary dietary considerations? -✓✓ A. oven-baked potato chips
and cola.
Question and Answer | Ultimate Review
Edition | Grade A+
• To take the vital signs of a 4-month old child, which order will give the most accurate
results? -✓✓ A. Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature
• During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear
reveals a tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable.
What action should the nurse take next? -✓✓ B. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold,
runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
• Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate repair? -✓✓ C. elbow
restraints
• What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care for an
infant with pyloric stenosis? -✓✓ D. observe for projectile vomiting.
• A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in place. What nursing care
should be included when caring for any restrained child? -✓✓ B. remove restraints one
at a time and provide range of motion exercises
• A 2-year old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical
examination. The nurse knows which problem is frequently associated with Down
syndrome? -✓✓ A. congenital heart disease
• When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal retractions
during -✓✓ A. inspiration
• When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse knows that
crying should be minimized because it -✓✓ D. stresses the suture line
• A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful assessment, the
nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal atresia. Which symptoms is this
newborn likely to have exhibited? -✓✓ A. choking, coughing, and cyanosis
• Which behavior would the nurse expect a two-year-old child to exhibit? -✓✓ C. display
possessiveness of toys
• the mother of a preschool-aged client asks the nurse if it is all right to administer Pepto
Bismal to her son when he 'has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check the
label of all OTC drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse
,include when replying to this mother's question? -✓✓ B. do not give if the child has
chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
• The nurse observes a 4-year old boy in a daycare setting. Which behavior should the
nurse consider normal for this client? -✓✓ C. demonstrates aggressiveness by boasting
when telling a story
• A burned child is brought to the emergency room. In estimating the percentage of the
body burned, the nurse uses a modified "Rule of Nines." Which part of a child's body is
calculated as a larger percentage of total body surface than an adult? -✓✓ A. head and
neck
• The nurse receives a lab report stating a child with asthma has a theophylline level of
15 mcg/dl. What action will the nurse take? -✓✓ A. pass the information on in the report
• A 12-month old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible pneumonia.
He is placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing intervention has the greatest
priority for this infant? -✓✓ C. have a bulb syringe readily available to remove secretions
• All of the following interventions can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing
and medical interventions used to treat diarrhea. Which intervention is least useful in the
nurse's evaluation of a 20-month-old child. -✓✓ B. assessing fontanels
• A 5-month-old is admitted to the hospital with vomiting and diarrhea. The pediatrician
prescribed dextrose 5% and 0.25% normal saline with 2 mEq KCI/100 mL to be infused
at 25mL/hr. Prior to initiating the infusion, the nurse should obtain which assessment
finding? -✓✓ B. serum BUN and creatinine levels
• The nurse is assigning care for a 4-year old child with otitis media and is concerned
about the child's increasing temperature over the past 24 hours. When planning care for
this child, it is important for the nurse to consider that: -✓✓ B. a tympanic measurement
of temperature will provide the most accurate reading
• The nurse is assessing an 8-month old child who has a medical diagnosis of Tetrology
of Fallot. Which symptom is this client most likely to exhibit? -✓✓ D. clubbed fingers
• As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and palpates the
fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to the healthcare provider? -
✓✓ A. A 5-month old with failure to thrive that has a closed anterior fontanel
• A preschool-age child who is hospitalized for hypospadias repair is most strongly
influenced by which behavior? -✓✓ C. concern for body integrity
,• An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and surgery is planned to
correct the defect. The nurse recognizes that surgical correction is designed to achieve
which outcome? -✓✓ C. prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
• A three-month old boy weighing 10 lbs, 15 oz has an axillary temperature of 98.9
degrees F. The nurse determines the daily caloric need for this child is approximately: -
✓✓ C. 600 cal/day
10 lbs, 15 oz = 10.9 lbs. Convert lbs to kg by dividing pounds by 2.2 (10.9/2.2) = 4.954
kg rounded to 5 kg. an infant requires 108 cal/kg/day (108 x 5 = 540 cal/day). However
this infant requires 10% more calories because he has one degree temperature
elevation. 10% of 540 is 54 and 54 + 540 = 594. This infant will require approximately
600 calories/day. Remember that a temperature elevation necessitates consumption of
more calories.
• The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers and
preschoolers and plans to include information about prevention of accidental
poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include which instructions? -✓✓ B. store
all toxic agents and medicines in locked cabinets.
• A 6-month old infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) is receiving digoxin elixer.
Which observation by the nurse warrants immediate intervention? -✓✓ A. apical heart
rate of 60.
• At 8am, the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse that a
female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood pressure of 210/110.
The 4am BP reading was 170/88. The client reports to the UAP that she is upset
because her boyfriend did not visit last night. What action should the nurse take? -✓✓
B. administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
• A premature newborn girl, born 24 hours ago, is diagnosed with a patent ductus
arteriosus (PDA) and placed under an oxygen hood at 35%. The parents visit the
nursery and ask to hold her. Which response should the nurse provide to the parents? -
✓✓ B. the oxygen hood is holding the baby's oxygen level just at the point which is
needed. You may stroke and talk to her.
• The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 3-year old who is scheduled for a cardiac
catheterization. To assist in decreasing anxiety for the child on the day of the procedure,
which intervention is best for the nurse to implement? -✓✓ C. give the child a ride on a
gurney to visit the cardiac catheterization lab and meet a nurse who works there.
• When taking the health history of a child, the nurse knows that which finding is an
early indication of hypothyroidism in children? -✓✓ D. cessation of growth in a child that
had been normal.
, • The nurse is teaching a 12-year old male adolescent and his family about taking
injections of growth hormone for idiopathic hypopituitarism. Which adverse symptoms,
commonly associated with growth hormone therapy should the nurse plan to describe to
the child and his family? -✓✓ A. polyuria and polydipsia
• The nurse is caring for a 12-year old with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH). This child should be carefully assessed for which complication? -✓✓
B. changes in LOC
• A four-year old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a routine clinic visit. the
mother appears irritated with the child and asks the nurse, "Is this normal behavior for a
child this age?" The nurse's response should be based on which information? -✓✓ A.
children need to retain a sense of initiative without impinging on the rights and privileges
of others.
• a 14-year old female client tells the nurse that she is concerned about the acne she
has recently developed. Which recommendation should the nurse provide? -✓✓ C.
Wash the hair and skin frequently with soap and hot water
• The mother of a 2-year old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased tempter
tantrums. The mother states, "Yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery store, and I did not
know what to do. I was embarrassed. What can I do if this occurs again?" Which
recommendation is best for the nurse to provide this mother? -✓✓ D. walk away from
him and ignore the behavior
• During discharge teaching of a child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse
should stress to the parents the importance of obtaining which diagnostic testing? -✓✓
B. eye exam
• A hospitalized 16-year old male refuses all visits from his classmates because he is
concerned about his distorted appearance. To increase the client's social interaction,
what intervention is best for the nurse to initiate? -✓✓ C. arrange for an internet
connection in the client's room for email communication
• The nurse is assessing a 2-year old. What behavior indicates that the child's language
development is within normal limits? -✓✓ C. is capable of making a three word sentence
• When evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve the nutritional status of
an infant with gastro-esophageal reflux, which intervention is most important for the
nurse to implement? -✓✓ A. record weight daily
• Which menu selection by a child with celiac disease indicates to the nurse that the
child understands necessary dietary considerations? -✓✓ A. oven-baked potato chips
and cola.
