Test Bank for Pathophysiology, 6th Edition by Jacqueline Banasik (All 54 Chapters Complete, Questions and Answers with Rationales)

,Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology Banasik: Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
x x




1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a
x x x x x x x x x x x x


pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3 F, skin rash,
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
x x x x x x x x x x x x x


malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


prescribed.
x


The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
x x x x x




a. a sore throat.
x x




b. streptococcal infection. x




c. genetic susceptibility. x




d. pharyngitis.

ANS: B x




Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is the
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manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to develop a
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disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical manifestation of the
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disease process.
x x




2. A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes
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meningitis. This is an example of
x x x x x x




a. primary prevention. x




b. secondary prevention. x




c. tertiary prevention. x




d. disease treatment. x




ANS: A x




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Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
x x x x x x x x x x x x


susceptible individuals by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening,
x x x x x x x x x x x x


and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x

,attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves
x x x x x x x x x x


management of the disease once it has developed.
x x x x x x x x




3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise
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program. This is an example of
x x x x x x




a. primary prevention. x




b. secondary prevention. x




c. tertiary prevention. x




d. disease treatment. x




ANS: B
x




Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such as
x x x x x x x x x x x x x


prescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity.
x x x x x x x x x x x x




Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
x x x x x x x x x x x x


susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to
x x x x x x x x x x x x


alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the
x x x x x x x x x x x x


disease once it has developed.
x x x x x




4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


intake. This is an example of
x x x x x x




a. primary prevention. x




b. secondary prevention. x




c. tertiary prevention. x




d. disease treatment. x




ANS: B
x




Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as by
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes
x x x x x x x x x x x


rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
x x x x x x x x x x x

, 5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering
x x x x x x x x x x x x x


medication. This is an example of
x x x x x x




a. primary prevention. x




b. secondary prevention. x




c. tertiary prevention. x




d. disease treatment. x




ANS: C x




Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and
x x x x x x x x x x x x


restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
x x x x x x x x




medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering
x x x x x x x x x x x x


susceptibility or reducing expUosuSre fNor sTusceptibOle individuals. Secondary prevention is the
x x x x x x x x x x x




early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves management of
x x x x x x x x x x x x


the disease once it has developed.
x x x x x x




6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of
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this disease. This stage of illness is called the stage.
x x x x x x x x x




a. prodromal

b. latent

c. sequela

d. convalescence

ANS: B
x x




Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


xappearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the incubation
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


x(latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onset
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


xof a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and nausea, which are
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


xassociated with a number of different diseases.
x x x x x x




Sequela refers to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the stage
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of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
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7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
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a. epidemic.

b. endemic.