NUR 390 Adult I final Questions And
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2027 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which
assessment finding indicates the medication is effective?
A. Increased blood pressure
B. Decreased urine output
C. Decreased peripheral edema
D. Increased crackles in lungs
Answer: C. Decreased peripheral edema
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that reduces fluid overload. A
reduction in peripheral edema indicates decreased fluid retention and
improved response to therapy.
2. A nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. Which oxygen delivery
method is most appropriate for maintaining hypoxia without
suppressing respiratory drive?
,A. Non-rebreather mask
B. Venturi mask
C. Simple face mask
D. Nasal cannula at 6 L/min
Answer: B. Venturi mask
Rationale: The Venturi mask delivers precise oxygen concentrations,
making it ideal for COPD patients who require controlled oxygen to
avoid CO₂ retention.
3. Which symptom is most characteristic of left-sided heart failure?
A. Ascites
B. Jugular vein distension
C. Pulmonary crackles
D. Dependent edema
Answer: C. Pulmonary crackles
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion,
leading to crackles due to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
4. A patient is diagnosed with myocardial infarction. Which laboratory
marker is most specific for cardiac muscle damage?
A. Myoglobin
,B. Troponin I
C. Creatine kinase-MM
D. Lactate dehydrogenase
Answer: B. Troponin I
Rationale: Troponin I is highly specific and sensitive for myocardial
injury and is the gold standard biomarker for MI.
5. What is the priority nursing action for a patient experiencing acute
chest pain?
A. Obtain a full health history
B. Administer nitroglycerin as prescribed
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Provide a full meal tray
Answer: B. Administer nitroglycerin as prescribed
Rationale: Nitroglycerin reduces myocardial oxygen demand and
relieves ischemic chest pain; it is a priority intervention.
6. Which finding is most indicative of hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity breath odor
B. Cold, clammy skin
C. Slow deep respirations
, D. Polyuria
Answer: B. Cold, clammy skin
Rationale: Hypoglycemia stimulates sympathetic response causing
diaphoresis, tremors, and cool clammy skin.
7. A patient with chronic kidney disease should be monitored for
which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: B. Hypocalcemia
Rationale: CKD reduces vitamin D activation and calcium absorption,
commonly resulting in hypocalcemia.
8. Which intervention is most important for preventing pressure
injuries in immobilized patients?
A. Massage bony prominences
B. Reposition every 2 hours
C. Apply heating pads
D. Restrict fluid intake
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2027 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which
assessment finding indicates the medication is effective?
A. Increased blood pressure
B. Decreased urine output
C. Decreased peripheral edema
D. Increased crackles in lungs
Answer: C. Decreased peripheral edema
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that reduces fluid overload. A
reduction in peripheral edema indicates decreased fluid retention and
improved response to therapy.
2. A nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. Which oxygen delivery
method is most appropriate for maintaining hypoxia without
suppressing respiratory drive?
,A. Non-rebreather mask
B. Venturi mask
C. Simple face mask
D. Nasal cannula at 6 L/min
Answer: B. Venturi mask
Rationale: The Venturi mask delivers precise oxygen concentrations,
making it ideal for COPD patients who require controlled oxygen to
avoid CO₂ retention.
3. Which symptom is most characteristic of left-sided heart failure?
A. Ascites
B. Jugular vein distension
C. Pulmonary crackles
D. Dependent edema
Answer: C. Pulmonary crackles
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion,
leading to crackles due to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
4. A patient is diagnosed with myocardial infarction. Which laboratory
marker is most specific for cardiac muscle damage?
A. Myoglobin
,B. Troponin I
C. Creatine kinase-MM
D. Lactate dehydrogenase
Answer: B. Troponin I
Rationale: Troponin I is highly specific and sensitive for myocardial
injury and is the gold standard biomarker for MI.
5. What is the priority nursing action for a patient experiencing acute
chest pain?
A. Obtain a full health history
B. Administer nitroglycerin as prescribed
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Provide a full meal tray
Answer: B. Administer nitroglycerin as prescribed
Rationale: Nitroglycerin reduces myocardial oxygen demand and
relieves ischemic chest pain; it is a priority intervention.
6. Which finding is most indicative of hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity breath odor
B. Cold, clammy skin
C. Slow deep respirations
, D. Polyuria
Answer: B. Cold, clammy skin
Rationale: Hypoglycemia stimulates sympathetic response causing
diaphoresis, tremors, and cool clammy skin.
7. A patient with chronic kidney disease should be monitored for
which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: B. Hypocalcemia
Rationale: CKD reduces vitamin D activation and calcium absorption,
commonly resulting in hypocalcemia.
8. Which intervention is most important for preventing pressure
injuries in immobilized patients?
A. Massage bony prominences
B. Reposition every 2 hours
C. Apply heating pads
D. Restrict fluid intake
