NUR 390 Adult Health Nursing I Midterm
Exam (Concordia University, St. Paul)
Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2027 Q&A |
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1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which
assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
B. Blood pressure 118/76 mmHg
C. Urine output of 45 mL/hr
D. Weight loss of 0.5 kg
A. Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss.
Hypokalemia increases the risk of dysrhythmias and requires prompt
correction. The other findings are expected or within acceptable limits.
,2. Which symptom is most characteristic of left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Crackles in the lungs
D. Ascites
C. Crackles in the lungs
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary congestion,
causing crackles and dyspnea. Right-sided failure causes systemic fluid
buildup such as edema and ascites.
3. A patient with COPD should be taught to use which breathing
technique?
A. Chest breathing
B. Pursed-lip breathing
C. Rapid shallow breathing
D. Breath-holding technique
B. Pursed-lip breathing
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing helps maintain airway patency,
improves ventilation, and reduces air trapping in COPD patients.
,4. Which arterial blood gas result indicates respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 30
B. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 52
C. pH 7.50, HCO₃ 28
D. pH 7.40, PaCO₂ 40
B. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 52
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by low pH and elevated
CO₂ due to hypoventilation.
5. A patient is at risk for pressure ulcers. Which intervention is most
effective prevention?
A. Massage bony prominences
B. Reposition every 2 hours
C. Keep head of bed elevated continuously
D. Restrict protein intake
B. Reposition every 2 hours
Rationale: Frequent repositioning reduces prolonged pressure and
improves tissue perfusion, preventing skin breakdown.
, 6. Which finding is an early sign of hypoxia?
A. Bradycardia
B. Restlessness
C. Cyanosis
D. Hypotension
B. Restlessness
Rationale: Restlessness and anxiety are early neurological signs of
hypoxia before cyanosis develops.
7. A patient with diabetes mellitus reports shakiness and sweating.
What is the priority action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Check blood glucose
C. Give 10 units of insulin
D. Restrict fluids
B. Check blood glucose
Rationale: These symptoms suggest hypoglycemia; blood glucose must
be confirmed before intervention.
Exam (Concordia University, St. Paul)
Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2027 Q&A |
Instant Download Pdf
1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which
assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
B. Blood pressure 118/76 mmHg
C. Urine output of 45 mL/hr
D. Weight loss of 0.5 kg
A. Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss.
Hypokalemia increases the risk of dysrhythmias and requires prompt
correction. The other findings are expected or within acceptable limits.
,2. Which symptom is most characteristic of left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Crackles in the lungs
D. Ascites
C. Crackles in the lungs
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary congestion,
causing crackles and dyspnea. Right-sided failure causes systemic fluid
buildup such as edema and ascites.
3. A patient with COPD should be taught to use which breathing
technique?
A. Chest breathing
B. Pursed-lip breathing
C. Rapid shallow breathing
D. Breath-holding technique
B. Pursed-lip breathing
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing helps maintain airway patency,
improves ventilation, and reduces air trapping in COPD patients.
,4. Which arterial blood gas result indicates respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 30
B. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 52
C. pH 7.50, HCO₃ 28
D. pH 7.40, PaCO₂ 40
B. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 52
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by low pH and elevated
CO₂ due to hypoventilation.
5. A patient is at risk for pressure ulcers. Which intervention is most
effective prevention?
A. Massage bony prominences
B. Reposition every 2 hours
C. Keep head of bed elevated continuously
D. Restrict protein intake
B. Reposition every 2 hours
Rationale: Frequent repositioning reduces prolonged pressure and
improves tissue perfusion, preventing skin breakdown.
, 6. Which finding is an early sign of hypoxia?
A. Bradycardia
B. Restlessness
C. Cyanosis
D. Hypotension
B. Restlessness
Rationale: Restlessness and anxiety are early neurological signs of
hypoxia before cyanosis develops.
7. A patient with diabetes mellitus reports shakiness and sweating.
What is the priority action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Check blood glucose
C. Give 10 units of insulin
D. Restrict fluids
B. Check blood glucose
Rationale: These symptoms suggest hypoglycemia; blood glucose must
be confirmed before intervention.
