NTR 401 Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Meat is an important dietary source of ______ and _____ due to the functions of these minerals in
muscle tissue.
a. riboflavin, pyridoxine
b. iron, zinc
c. magnesium, calcium
d. selenium, copper - CORRECT ANSWER b
A characteristic feature of red muscle fibers, in contrast to white muscle fibers, is a higher content of
the protein ________, which allows for greater _______ activity.
a. hemoglobin, anaerobic
b. lactate dehydrogenase, anaerobic
c. myoglobin, aerobic
d. myoglobin, anaerobic - CORRECT ANSWER c
A dietary supplement that can expand the volume of muscle fibers and aid in providing energy for
short-term activity is:
a. creatine
b. carnitine
c. VIT D
d. ginseng - CORRECT ANSWER a
Growth of muscle fibers resulting from resistance exercise and increased protein synthesis depends on
recruitment of ________ to donate their nuclei to damaged or stressed muscle fibers.
a. satellite stem cells
b. enterocytes
c. hepatocytes
d. adipocytes - CORRECT ANSWER a
The concept of measuring protein quality in different foods:
,a. attempts to apply a coefficient to protein quantity in that food that separates the portion of protein
that can be used for body functions from that which is used for energy or lost in feces.
b. depends entirely on the relative concentrations of all of the amino acids in that protein.
c. depends entirely on the relative concentrations of indispensible amino acids only that the protein
contains.
d. is the ratio of protein absorbed in the intestine to that which is incorporated into bacteria in the
colon. - CORRECT ANSWER a
An abnormal concentration of cells or oxygen carrying capacity in the blood has been shown to be
possibly related to ALL of the following nutrient interactions EXCEPT:
a. the effect of copper on iron metabolism
b. the effect of VIT D on calcium regulation
c. the effect of zinc intake on copper absorption
d. the effect of zinc on folate absorption - CORRECT ANSWER b
Anemia is a major global health problem that most commonly results from a chronic deficiency of the
nutrient:
a. folic acid
b. iron
c. VIT A
d. zinc - CORRECT ANSWER b
Biochemical pathways adding a single methyl group to complete the structure of an important
compound is LEAST likely to be impaired by a deficiency of the nutrient(s):
a. cysteine and methionine
b. folic acid
c. retinol
d. VIT B12 - CORRECT ANSWER c
Normal blood clotting is impacted by ALL of the following nutrients EXCEPT:
a. calcium
b. magnesium
, c. VIT E
d. VIT K - CORRECT ANSWER b
The amount of protein synthesized by muscles throughout the body each day is likely to be _______
the amount of protein consumed in the daily diet.
a. much less than
b. exactly equal to
c. 4-6 times greater than
d. 100 to 1000 times greater than - CORRECT ANSWER c
The best way to determine experimentally, for the 2018 revision of the DRI, the EAR for VIT K in a
small subset of the population would be:
a. in a clinical research ward, give subjects an antibiotic and graded levels of VIT K and measure
blood clotting rates
b. isolate bone proteins and enzymes and find the concentration of VIT K that allows carbon dioxide
to be fixed to glutamic acid, forming gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues
c. perform a balance trial by measuring the VIT K content in diet, urine and feces.
d. tell groups of subjects to eat diets with different levels of VIT K and measure the incidence of bone
fractures. - CORRECT ANSWER a
If an individual is deficient or has suboptimal concentrations of 25-OH-VIT D in the blood, the
concentration of ionized calcium in the blood is likely to be maintained within a normal range by
higher than normal concentrations of:
a. calbindin-D 9K
b. chelating agents like inorganic phosphate
c. parathyroid hormone (PTH)
d. VIT K - CORRECT ANSWER c
A child in a semi-starvation condition with very little body tissue due to insufficient food intake
would most likely to be classified as suffering from:
a. kwashiorkor
b. marasmus
c. sarcopenia
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Meat is an important dietary source of ______ and _____ due to the functions of these minerals in
muscle tissue.
a. riboflavin, pyridoxine
b. iron, zinc
c. magnesium, calcium
d. selenium, copper - CORRECT ANSWER b
A characteristic feature of red muscle fibers, in contrast to white muscle fibers, is a higher content of
the protein ________, which allows for greater _______ activity.
a. hemoglobin, anaerobic
b. lactate dehydrogenase, anaerobic
c. myoglobin, aerobic
d. myoglobin, anaerobic - CORRECT ANSWER c
A dietary supplement that can expand the volume of muscle fibers and aid in providing energy for
short-term activity is:
a. creatine
b. carnitine
c. VIT D
d. ginseng - CORRECT ANSWER a
Growth of muscle fibers resulting from resistance exercise and increased protein synthesis depends on
recruitment of ________ to donate their nuclei to damaged or stressed muscle fibers.
a. satellite stem cells
b. enterocytes
c. hepatocytes
d. adipocytes - CORRECT ANSWER a
The concept of measuring protein quality in different foods:
,a. attempts to apply a coefficient to protein quantity in that food that separates the portion of protein
that can be used for body functions from that which is used for energy or lost in feces.
b. depends entirely on the relative concentrations of all of the amino acids in that protein.
c. depends entirely on the relative concentrations of indispensible amino acids only that the protein
contains.
d. is the ratio of protein absorbed in the intestine to that which is incorporated into bacteria in the
colon. - CORRECT ANSWER a
An abnormal concentration of cells or oxygen carrying capacity in the blood has been shown to be
possibly related to ALL of the following nutrient interactions EXCEPT:
a. the effect of copper on iron metabolism
b. the effect of VIT D on calcium regulation
c. the effect of zinc intake on copper absorption
d. the effect of zinc on folate absorption - CORRECT ANSWER b
Anemia is a major global health problem that most commonly results from a chronic deficiency of the
nutrient:
a. folic acid
b. iron
c. VIT A
d. zinc - CORRECT ANSWER b
Biochemical pathways adding a single methyl group to complete the structure of an important
compound is LEAST likely to be impaired by a deficiency of the nutrient(s):
a. cysteine and methionine
b. folic acid
c. retinol
d. VIT B12 - CORRECT ANSWER c
Normal blood clotting is impacted by ALL of the following nutrients EXCEPT:
a. calcium
b. magnesium
, c. VIT E
d. VIT K - CORRECT ANSWER b
The amount of protein synthesized by muscles throughout the body each day is likely to be _______
the amount of protein consumed in the daily diet.
a. much less than
b. exactly equal to
c. 4-6 times greater than
d. 100 to 1000 times greater than - CORRECT ANSWER c
The best way to determine experimentally, for the 2018 revision of the DRI, the EAR for VIT K in a
small subset of the population would be:
a. in a clinical research ward, give subjects an antibiotic and graded levels of VIT K and measure
blood clotting rates
b. isolate bone proteins and enzymes and find the concentration of VIT K that allows carbon dioxide
to be fixed to glutamic acid, forming gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues
c. perform a balance trial by measuring the VIT K content in diet, urine and feces.
d. tell groups of subjects to eat diets with different levels of VIT K and measure the incidence of bone
fractures. - CORRECT ANSWER a
If an individual is deficient or has suboptimal concentrations of 25-OH-VIT D in the blood, the
concentration of ionized calcium in the blood is likely to be maintained within a normal range by
higher than normal concentrations of:
a. calbindin-D 9K
b. chelating agents like inorganic phosphate
c. parathyroid hormone (PTH)
d. VIT K - CORRECT ANSWER c
A child in a semi-starvation condition with very little body tissue due to insufficient food intake
would most likely to be classified as suffering from:
a. kwashiorkor
b. marasmus
c. sarcopenia
