KATZUNG'S BASIC AND
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TODD W.
VANDERAH
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is caring for a client enrolled in a clinical trial for an
investigational medication. Which statement by the nurse best
reflects the purpose of informed consent before the client
receives the first dose?
A. “It guarantees that the drug will be effective for your
condition.”
B. “It confirms that you understand the study, potential risks,
possible benefits, and your right to withdraw.”
C. “It allows the nurse to administer the medication without
monitoring for adverse effects.”
D. “It replaces the need for medication teaching during the
study.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Informed consent is an ethical and legal process that helps
ensure the client understands the purpose of the study,
expected procedures, potential risks, possible benefits,
alternatives when applicable, and the right to withdraw from
the study at any time without penalty. This is especially
important with investigational drugs because full safety and
efficacy profiles may still be under evaluation. Option A is
incorrect because informed consent does not guarantee
,effectiveness. Option C is incorrect because monitoring remains
essential throughout the study, particularly with investigational
agents. Option D is incorrect because informed consent does
not replace ongoing medication education; the nurse must
continue to teach and assess understanding throughout
treatment.
Question 2
A client asks why a newly prescribed drug is started at a low
dose and then gradually increased over several weeks. Which
nursing explanation is most accurate?
A. “Starting low and increasing gradually can help identify
tolerance and reduce the risk of dose-related adverse effects.”
B. “The pharmacy cannot supply the full dose at the beginning
of treatment.”
C. “The lower dose is used only to determine whether the client
will remember to take the medication.”
D. “The drug becomes chemically active only after repeated
exposure.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Many medications are initiated at a lower dose and titrated
upward to improve tolerability, reduce the risk of adverse
, effects, and allow clinicians to assess therapeutic response and
individual variability. This approach is common when a drug has
dose-related toxicity, central nervous system effects, or
significant cardiovascular effects. Option B is unrelated to
pharmacologic dosing strategy. Option C is incorrect because
adherence is important but is not the pharmacologic reason for
dose titration. Option D is inaccurate; most drugs do not require
repeated exposure to become chemically active, although some
may need time to reach steady-state or exert maximal effect.
Question 3
A nurse reviews a medication order for a drug with a narrow
therapeutic index. Which action is the priority before
administering the medication?
A. Confirm whether therapeutic drug monitoring, recent
laboratory results, and the prescribed dose are appropriate
B. Crush the medication to improve absorption
C. Ask the client whether they prefer taking the drug in the
morning or evening
D. Hold all other prescribed medications until the provider
rounds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TODD W.
VANDERAH
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is caring for a client enrolled in a clinical trial for an
investigational medication. Which statement by the nurse best
reflects the purpose of informed consent before the client
receives the first dose?
A. “It guarantees that the drug will be effective for your
condition.”
B. “It confirms that you understand the study, potential risks,
possible benefits, and your right to withdraw.”
C. “It allows the nurse to administer the medication without
monitoring for adverse effects.”
D. “It replaces the need for medication teaching during the
study.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Informed consent is an ethical and legal process that helps
ensure the client understands the purpose of the study,
expected procedures, potential risks, possible benefits,
alternatives when applicable, and the right to withdraw from
the study at any time without penalty. This is especially
important with investigational drugs because full safety and
efficacy profiles may still be under evaluation. Option A is
incorrect because informed consent does not guarantee
,effectiveness. Option C is incorrect because monitoring remains
essential throughout the study, particularly with investigational
agents. Option D is incorrect because informed consent does
not replace ongoing medication education; the nurse must
continue to teach and assess understanding throughout
treatment.
Question 2
A client asks why a newly prescribed drug is started at a low
dose and then gradually increased over several weeks. Which
nursing explanation is most accurate?
A. “Starting low and increasing gradually can help identify
tolerance and reduce the risk of dose-related adverse effects.”
B. “The pharmacy cannot supply the full dose at the beginning
of treatment.”
C. “The lower dose is used only to determine whether the client
will remember to take the medication.”
D. “The drug becomes chemically active only after repeated
exposure.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Many medications are initiated at a lower dose and titrated
upward to improve tolerability, reduce the risk of adverse
, effects, and allow clinicians to assess therapeutic response and
individual variability. This approach is common when a drug has
dose-related toxicity, central nervous system effects, or
significant cardiovascular effects. Option B is unrelated to
pharmacologic dosing strategy. Option C is incorrect because
adherence is important but is not the pharmacologic reason for
dose titration. Option D is inaccurate; most drugs do not require
repeated exposure to become chemically active, although some
may need time to reach steady-state or exert maximal effect.
Question 3
A nurse reviews a medication order for a drug with a narrow
therapeutic index. Which action is the priority before
administering the medication?
A. Confirm whether therapeutic drug monitoring, recent
laboratory results, and the prescribed dose are appropriate
B. Crush the medication to improve absorption
C. Ask the client whether they prefer taking the drug in the
morning or evening
D. Hold all other prescribed medications until the provider
rounds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
