Virtual NR-507 Week 8 Final Exam |
Advanced Pathophysiology
Examplify Online Proctored Exam
Questions and Answers
**Q1: A 55-year-old man with long-standing hypertension develops an enlarged left ventricle. This is an
example of which cellular adaptation?**
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
,**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size leading to organ enlargement. Cardiac muscle cells
cannot undergo hyperplasia (increase in number), so they enlarge in response to increased workload
from hypertension .
---
**Q2: A 60-year-old smoker develops a change in the bronchial epithelium from ciliated columnar to
stratified squamous. This is known as:**
A) Dysplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Metaplasia
D) Anaplasia
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with another.
This is an adaptive response to chronic irritation from smoking .
---
**Q3: Which of the following is an example of physiologic hyperplasia?**
A) Endometrial hyperplasia from unopposed estrogen
B) Breast enlargement during pregnancy
, C) Prostatic hyperplasia in older men
D) Callus formation on the skin
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Breast enlargement during pregnancy is physiologic hyperplasia—a normal, controlled
increase in cell number. Endometrial and prostatic hyperplasia are pathologic; callus formation
represents hypertrophy .
---
**Q4: Coagulative necrosis is most commonly seen in which organ following ischemic injury?**
A) Brain
B) Heart (myocardial infarction)
C) Lung
D) Pancreas
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Coagulative necrosis is characteristic of ischemic injury in solid organs such as the heart,
kidney, and liver. The brain typically undergoes liquefactive necrosis .
---
**Q5: Liquefactive necrosis is characteristic of:**
Advanced Pathophysiology
Examplify Online Proctored Exam
Questions and Answers
**Q1: A 55-year-old man with long-standing hypertension develops an enlarged left ventricle. This is an
example of which cellular adaptation?**
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
,**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size leading to organ enlargement. Cardiac muscle cells
cannot undergo hyperplasia (increase in number), so they enlarge in response to increased workload
from hypertension .
---
**Q2: A 60-year-old smoker develops a change in the bronchial epithelium from ciliated columnar to
stratified squamous. This is known as:**
A) Dysplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Metaplasia
D) Anaplasia
**Correct Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with another.
This is an adaptive response to chronic irritation from smoking .
---
**Q3: Which of the following is an example of physiologic hyperplasia?**
A) Endometrial hyperplasia from unopposed estrogen
B) Breast enlargement during pregnancy
, C) Prostatic hyperplasia in older men
D) Callus formation on the skin
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Breast enlargement during pregnancy is physiologic hyperplasia—a normal, controlled
increase in cell number. Endometrial and prostatic hyperplasia are pathologic; callus formation
represents hypertrophy .
---
**Q4: Coagulative necrosis is most commonly seen in which organ following ischemic injury?**
A) Brain
B) Heart (myocardial infarction)
C) Lung
D) Pancreas
**Correct Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Coagulative necrosis is characteristic of ischemic injury in solid organs such as the heart,
kidney, and liver. The brain typically undergoes liquefactive necrosis .
---
**Q5: Liquefactive necrosis is characteristic of:**
