Chamberlain University NR-228 Exam 2 (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Nutrition
Q&A | Nutrition
1. A nurse is educating a client with celiac disease about dietary
management. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the
client to avoid?
A) Rice
B) Oats
C) Corn
D) Quinoa
Correct Answer: Oats
Rationale: Celiac disease requires a strict gluten-free diet. Gluten is found in
wheat, rye, and barley. While oats are naturally gluten-free, they are often
cross-contaminated with wheat during processing, so they should be avoided
unless they are specifically labeled gluten-free. Rice, corn, and quinoa are
safe alternatives.
2. A client with cholecystitis is being discharged. Which of the following
dietary recommendations is most appropriate?
A) High-fat diet to stimulate bile flow
B) Low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet
C) High-protein, low-fiber diet
D) Low-sodium diet
Correct Answer: Low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet
Rationale: Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. A low-fat diet
reduces stimulation of the gallbladder, which helps decrease pain. High-
,carbohydrate foods are recommended to provide adequate energy without
overstimulating the gallbladder.
3. A nurse is teaching a client with pancreatitis about dietary modifications.
Which of the following dietary interventions is appropriate for this client?
A) High-fat, low-protein diet
B) Low-fat, high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet
C) High-fiber, low-carbohydrate diet
D) Clear liquid diet only
Correct Answer: Low-fat, high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet
Rationale: In pancreatitis, the pancreas is inflamed, and fat digestion is
impaired. Interventions include reducing pancreas stimulation, initially with
NPO and NG tube, then progressing to a low-fat, high-protein, high-
carbohydrate diet.
4. A nurse is reviewing dietary guidelines for a client with diabetes mellitus.
What percentage of total daily caloric intake should come from
carbohydrates?
A) 10-20%
B) 25-35%
C) 45-65%
D) 70-80%
Correct Answer: 45-65%
Rationale: The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for
carbohydrates is 45-65% of total daily calories. Clients with diabetes should
consume complex carbohydrates and limit simple sugars.
,5. A nurse is teaching a client about fat intake. Which of the following is the
recommended daily cholesterol restriction for a client with diabetes?
A) Less than 100 mg/day
B) Less than 200-300 mg/day
C) Less than 500 mg/day
D) No restriction
Correct Answer: Less than 200-300 mg/day
Rationale: For clients with diabetes, dietary cholesterol should be restricted
to less than 200-300 mg/day. Saturated and trans fats should also be limited.
6. A client is diagnosed with gallstones and is experiencing right upper
quadrant (RUQ) pain. The client asks the nurse why this pain occurs. Which
of the following is the best response?
A) "The pain is caused by gas in the stomach."
B) "The pain is caused by inflammation of the pancreas."
C) "The pain radiates from your gallbladder to your right shoulder."
D) "The pain is caused by a kidney stone."
Correct Answer: "The pain radiates from your gallbladder to your right
shoulder."
Rationale: Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, with clinical
manifestations including abdominal pain in the RUQ that radiates to the right
shoulder.
, 7. A client with celiac disease asks the nurse which grains are safe to
consume. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) Wheat and rye
B) Barley and oats (unless labeled gluten-free)
C) Corn and rice
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: Corn and rice
Rationale: Clients with celiac disease must avoid gluten, which is found in
wheat, rye, and barley. Corn and rice are gluten-free and safe to consume.
8. A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO and receiving TPN. The client
develops eczema. The nurse suspects which of the following deficiencies?
A) Vitamin C deficiency
B) Essential fatty acid deficiency
C) Protein-energy malnutrition
D) Phospholipid deficiency
Correct Answer: Essential fatty acid deficiency
Rationale: Eczema can be a sign of essential fatty acid deficiency. If a patient
receiving fat-free parenteral nutrition develops eczema, it may indicate a
lack of essential fatty acids.
9. The nurse is teaching a client about the types of fatty acids. A
polyunsaturated fatty acid has which of the following characteristics?
A) One double bond on the carbon chain
B) No double bonds on the carbon chain
Q&A | Nutrition
1. A nurse is educating a client with celiac disease about dietary
management. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the
client to avoid?
A) Rice
B) Oats
C) Corn
D) Quinoa
Correct Answer: Oats
Rationale: Celiac disease requires a strict gluten-free diet. Gluten is found in
wheat, rye, and barley. While oats are naturally gluten-free, they are often
cross-contaminated with wheat during processing, so they should be avoided
unless they are specifically labeled gluten-free. Rice, corn, and quinoa are
safe alternatives.
2. A client with cholecystitis is being discharged. Which of the following
dietary recommendations is most appropriate?
A) High-fat diet to stimulate bile flow
B) Low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet
C) High-protein, low-fiber diet
D) Low-sodium diet
Correct Answer: Low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet
Rationale: Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. A low-fat diet
reduces stimulation of the gallbladder, which helps decrease pain. High-
,carbohydrate foods are recommended to provide adequate energy without
overstimulating the gallbladder.
3. A nurse is teaching a client with pancreatitis about dietary modifications.
Which of the following dietary interventions is appropriate for this client?
A) High-fat, low-protein diet
B) Low-fat, high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet
C) High-fiber, low-carbohydrate diet
D) Clear liquid diet only
Correct Answer: Low-fat, high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet
Rationale: In pancreatitis, the pancreas is inflamed, and fat digestion is
impaired. Interventions include reducing pancreas stimulation, initially with
NPO and NG tube, then progressing to a low-fat, high-protein, high-
carbohydrate diet.
4. A nurse is reviewing dietary guidelines for a client with diabetes mellitus.
What percentage of total daily caloric intake should come from
carbohydrates?
A) 10-20%
B) 25-35%
C) 45-65%
D) 70-80%
Correct Answer: 45-65%
Rationale: The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for
carbohydrates is 45-65% of total daily calories. Clients with diabetes should
consume complex carbohydrates and limit simple sugars.
,5. A nurse is teaching a client about fat intake. Which of the following is the
recommended daily cholesterol restriction for a client with diabetes?
A) Less than 100 mg/day
B) Less than 200-300 mg/day
C) Less than 500 mg/day
D) No restriction
Correct Answer: Less than 200-300 mg/day
Rationale: For clients with diabetes, dietary cholesterol should be restricted
to less than 200-300 mg/day. Saturated and trans fats should also be limited.
6. A client is diagnosed with gallstones and is experiencing right upper
quadrant (RUQ) pain. The client asks the nurse why this pain occurs. Which
of the following is the best response?
A) "The pain is caused by gas in the stomach."
B) "The pain is caused by inflammation of the pancreas."
C) "The pain radiates from your gallbladder to your right shoulder."
D) "The pain is caused by a kidney stone."
Correct Answer: "The pain radiates from your gallbladder to your right
shoulder."
Rationale: Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, with clinical
manifestations including abdominal pain in the RUQ that radiates to the right
shoulder.
, 7. A client with celiac disease asks the nurse which grains are safe to
consume. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) Wheat and rye
B) Barley and oats (unless labeled gluten-free)
C) Corn and rice
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: Corn and rice
Rationale: Clients with celiac disease must avoid gluten, which is found in
wheat, rye, and barley. Corn and rice are gluten-free and safe to consume.
8. A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO and receiving TPN. The client
develops eczema. The nurse suspects which of the following deficiencies?
A) Vitamin C deficiency
B) Essential fatty acid deficiency
C) Protein-energy malnutrition
D) Phospholipid deficiency
Correct Answer: Essential fatty acid deficiency
Rationale: Eczema can be a sign of essential fatty acid deficiency. If a patient
receiving fat-free parenteral nutrition develops eczema, it may indicate a
lack of essential fatty acids.
9. The nurse is teaching a client about the types of fatty acids. A
polyunsaturated fatty acid has which of the following characteristics?
A) One double bond on the carbon chain
B) No double bonds on the carbon chain
