Chamberlain University NR-228 Exam 1 (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Nutrition
Q&A | Nutrition
1. Which of the following best defines the modern concept of health?
A) The absence of disease or illness
B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
C) The ability to perform activities of daily living without assistance
D) A lifestyle that enhances our level of well-being
Correct Answer: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Rationale: The World Health Organization defines health as a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity. This holistic view encompasses multiple dimensions,
including emotional, intellectual, and spiritual health, recognizing that health
is more than just physical functioning.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about the six dimensions of health. Which of
the following is included in this model?
A) Financial health
B) Occupational health
C) Environmental health
D) Recreational health
Correct Answer: Environmental health
Rationale: The six dimensions of health are physical, intellectual, emotional,
social, spiritual, and environmental. Environmental health refers to external
factors that impact living and work settings, including ethnicity, education,
income, and occupation.
,3. Which of the following best describes the relationship between health and
wellness?
A) Health and wellness are the same concept
B) Wellness is a lifestyle that enhances the level of health
C) Health is a lifestyle that enhances the level of wellness
D) Health is determined solely by genetics
Correct Answer: Wellness is a lifestyle that enhances the level of health
Rationale: While health is a state of being, wellness is an active lifestyle—a
pattern of behaviors that enhances our level of health. Wellness is the
process of making choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life, rather than a
static condition.
4. A nurse is educating a client about Healthy People 2020. Which of the
following is a primary goal of this initiative?
A) To reduce the cost of healthcare for all Americans
B) To achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
C) To increase the number of hospitals in rural areas
D) To mandate health insurance for all citizens
Correct Answer: To achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Rationale: Healthy People 2020's vision is a society in which all people live
long, healthy lives. Its goals include achieving health equity, eliminating
disparities, creating social and physical environments that promote good
health, and promoting quality of life.
5. Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity in
nutrition?
,A) Screening for high cholesterol
B) Educating about a low-fat, high-fiber diet
C) Providing a cardiac diet after a heart attack
D) Monitoring blood glucose in a diabetic client
Correct Answer: Educating about a low-fat, high-fiber diet
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on activities that avert the initial
development of disease or poor health. Educating about a healthy diet to
prevent disease is a primary prevention strategy.
6. A nurse is performing a nutrition screening. Which of the following would
be considered a secondary prevention activity?
A) Immunizing children against infectious diseases
B) Teaching a client about the importance of physical activity
C) Ordering regular blood work to detect early signs of disease
D) Providing a client with a renal diet after kidney failure
Correct Answer: Ordering regular blood work to detect early signs of disease
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection to halt or reduce
the effects of a disease or illness. Regular blood work is a screening method
used to detect nutritional deficiencies or disease early.
7. A client has been diagnosed with heart failure and is placed on a low-
sodium diet. This intervention is an example of which level of prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
, D) Health promotion
Correct Answer: Tertiary prevention
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to minimize further complications or
assist in the restoration of health after a disorder develops. A therapeutic
diet after a disease is established is a tertiary prevention measure.
8. Which of the following are the six categories of nutrients required by the
body?
A) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and fiber
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water
C) Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, sugars, minerals, and water
D) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and alcohol
Correct Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and
water
Rationale: The six categories of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
(fats), vitamins, minerals, and water. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate, not a
separate nutrient category, and alcohol is not considered a nutrient.
9. Which nutrients are considered energy-yielding (provide calories)?
A) Vitamins, minerals, and water
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
C) Carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
D) Proteins, water, and fiber
Correct Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
Q&A | Nutrition
1. Which of the following best defines the modern concept of health?
A) The absence of disease or illness
B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
C) The ability to perform activities of daily living without assistance
D) A lifestyle that enhances our level of well-being
Correct Answer: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Rationale: The World Health Organization defines health as a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity. This holistic view encompasses multiple dimensions,
including emotional, intellectual, and spiritual health, recognizing that health
is more than just physical functioning.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about the six dimensions of health. Which of
the following is included in this model?
A) Financial health
B) Occupational health
C) Environmental health
D) Recreational health
Correct Answer: Environmental health
Rationale: The six dimensions of health are physical, intellectual, emotional,
social, spiritual, and environmental. Environmental health refers to external
factors that impact living and work settings, including ethnicity, education,
income, and occupation.
,3. Which of the following best describes the relationship between health and
wellness?
A) Health and wellness are the same concept
B) Wellness is a lifestyle that enhances the level of health
C) Health is a lifestyle that enhances the level of wellness
D) Health is determined solely by genetics
Correct Answer: Wellness is a lifestyle that enhances the level of health
Rationale: While health is a state of being, wellness is an active lifestyle—a
pattern of behaviors that enhances our level of health. Wellness is the
process of making choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life, rather than a
static condition.
4. A nurse is educating a client about Healthy People 2020. Which of the
following is a primary goal of this initiative?
A) To reduce the cost of healthcare for all Americans
B) To achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
C) To increase the number of hospitals in rural areas
D) To mandate health insurance for all citizens
Correct Answer: To achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Rationale: Healthy People 2020's vision is a society in which all people live
long, healthy lives. Its goals include achieving health equity, eliminating
disparities, creating social and physical environments that promote good
health, and promoting quality of life.
5. Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity in
nutrition?
,A) Screening for high cholesterol
B) Educating about a low-fat, high-fiber diet
C) Providing a cardiac diet after a heart attack
D) Monitoring blood glucose in a diabetic client
Correct Answer: Educating about a low-fat, high-fiber diet
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on activities that avert the initial
development of disease or poor health. Educating about a healthy diet to
prevent disease is a primary prevention strategy.
6. A nurse is performing a nutrition screening. Which of the following would
be considered a secondary prevention activity?
A) Immunizing children against infectious diseases
B) Teaching a client about the importance of physical activity
C) Ordering regular blood work to detect early signs of disease
D) Providing a client with a renal diet after kidney failure
Correct Answer: Ordering regular blood work to detect early signs of disease
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection to halt or reduce
the effects of a disease or illness. Regular blood work is a screening method
used to detect nutritional deficiencies or disease early.
7. A client has been diagnosed with heart failure and is placed on a low-
sodium diet. This intervention is an example of which level of prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
, D) Health promotion
Correct Answer: Tertiary prevention
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to minimize further complications or
assist in the restoration of health after a disorder develops. A therapeutic
diet after a disease is established is a tertiary prevention measure.
8. Which of the following are the six categories of nutrients required by the
body?
A) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and fiber
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water
C) Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, sugars, minerals, and water
D) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and alcohol
Correct Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and
water
Rationale: The six categories of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
(fats), vitamins, minerals, and water. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate, not a
separate nutrient category, and alcohol is not considered a nutrient.
9. Which nutrients are considered energy-yielding (provide calories)?
A) Vitamins, minerals, and water
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
C) Carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
D) Proteins, water, and fiber
Correct Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
