Biology 206 Final
Regulating body temp in homeotherms(4) - ✅✅ --relocation
-thermogenisis
-blood flow:anatomical and functional consideration
-evaporation
Brown adipose tissue - ✅✅ --is one of the two fats in humans.
-activated by norepnephrine
-oxidative phosphorlation
✅✅-By the invagination of their membrane to obtain food.
Phagocytosis -
Glucogen - ✅✅-Released when levels are low
Insulin - ✅✅-Released when levels are high
Modivates movement of material - ✅✅--gravity
-hydrostatic pressure
-electrical gradients
-concentration gradients
Diffusion - ✅✅ -By random molecular motion, molecular motion. Only
short distances
Pump, channels, and carrier-mediated transport - ✅✅-Ions/small
molecules across membrane
Osmosis - ✅✅-Water movement across membranes (high to low)
Bulk flow - ✅✅-Efficient, long distance, mass movement, driven by
hydrostatic pressure
Hydrostatic pressure -✅✅-Force gradients
Concentration gradients - ✅✅-Entropy driven
Passive transport - ✅✅-Energeticly downhill, spontaneous process
Active transport - ✅✅-Energeticly uphill, requires metabolic energy
Secondary active transport - ✅✅-Two substances move, (one uphill, and
one down hill)
Ficks law - ✅✅ -Measuring the rate of diffusion
-surface area
-concetration gradient
, -resistance of membrane
-thickness of membrane
Poiseuille's Equation - ✅✅ -Measures the volume flow rate
-cross sectional area of a pipe
-pressure gradient
-viscosity
What would increase the flow? - ✅✅--increase radius
-lower viscosity
-increase pressure gradient
What do plants require water for? - ✅✅--support
-chemical reactions
-temperature control
-transport of solutes
How is the atmosphere lossed to the environment? - ✅✅-Via the
evaporation in the leaves via the stomata
Stomata exchanges what? - ✅✅-Gases
-CO2 and O2
-N2, ethylene
-H2O vapor
Phloem transports? - ✅✅-sugar, hormones, and amino acids
Apoplast -✅✅-Is the "fast lane." The cell wall continuum of a plant`
Symplast - ✅✅-Is the "slow lane." Uses the interconnected protoplasts
via their plasmodesmata
Casparian Strips -✅✅ -acts as a seal that prevents water and ions
moving through the opposite space
What is the casparian strip made out of? - ✅✅-it is impregnated with the
wax-like, hydrophobic substance, suberin
How does the water move into the xylem - ✅✅-moves via osmosis
✅✅
What does the apoplastic pathway have to do at the casparian strips -
-it forces the minerals and water through the plasma membrane of the
endodermis
Transpiration through xylem occurs because of? - ✅✅--Root pressure
-Capillary Action
Regulating body temp in homeotherms(4) - ✅✅ --relocation
-thermogenisis
-blood flow:anatomical and functional consideration
-evaporation
Brown adipose tissue - ✅✅ --is one of the two fats in humans.
-activated by norepnephrine
-oxidative phosphorlation
✅✅-By the invagination of their membrane to obtain food.
Phagocytosis -
Glucogen - ✅✅-Released when levels are low
Insulin - ✅✅-Released when levels are high
Modivates movement of material - ✅✅--gravity
-hydrostatic pressure
-electrical gradients
-concentration gradients
Diffusion - ✅✅ -By random molecular motion, molecular motion. Only
short distances
Pump, channels, and carrier-mediated transport - ✅✅-Ions/small
molecules across membrane
Osmosis - ✅✅-Water movement across membranes (high to low)
Bulk flow - ✅✅-Efficient, long distance, mass movement, driven by
hydrostatic pressure
Hydrostatic pressure -✅✅-Force gradients
Concentration gradients - ✅✅-Entropy driven
Passive transport - ✅✅-Energeticly downhill, spontaneous process
Active transport - ✅✅-Energeticly uphill, requires metabolic energy
Secondary active transport - ✅✅-Two substances move, (one uphill, and
one down hill)
Ficks law - ✅✅ -Measuring the rate of diffusion
-surface area
-concetration gradient
, -resistance of membrane
-thickness of membrane
Poiseuille's Equation - ✅✅ -Measures the volume flow rate
-cross sectional area of a pipe
-pressure gradient
-viscosity
What would increase the flow? - ✅✅--increase radius
-lower viscosity
-increase pressure gradient
What do plants require water for? - ✅✅--support
-chemical reactions
-temperature control
-transport of solutes
How is the atmosphere lossed to the environment? - ✅✅-Via the
evaporation in the leaves via the stomata
Stomata exchanges what? - ✅✅-Gases
-CO2 and O2
-N2, ethylene
-H2O vapor
Phloem transports? - ✅✅-sugar, hormones, and amino acids
Apoplast -✅✅-Is the "fast lane." The cell wall continuum of a plant`
Symplast - ✅✅-Is the "slow lane." Uses the interconnected protoplasts
via their plasmodesmata
Casparian Strips -✅✅ -acts as a seal that prevents water and ions
moving through the opposite space
What is the casparian strip made out of? - ✅✅-it is impregnated with the
wax-like, hydrophobic substance, suberin
How does the water move into the xylem - ✅✅-moves via osmosis
✅✅
What does the apoplastic pathway have to do at the casparian strips -
-it forces the minerals and water through the plasma membrane of the
endodermis
Transpiration through xylem occurs because of? - ✅✅--Root pressure
-Capillary Action
